VS2010 MFC Excel（3）

2.2.      Application Object
Application object is defined in Excel type library as _Application class. Application is the Excel itself, the main functions are:
         The setting and options of Excel application level
         Some methods which return to top object
We can get Workbooks/workbook object from _Application object like this:</span></strong>
_Application app;
app.get_workbooks ();
<strong><span style="font-size:24px;">2.3.      Workbooks object
Workbooks is the aggregate of all open books. It is Container object, the element is workbook object.
The main functions are:
         Return the workbook object by index.
         Add a new empty workbook.
         Open a file, and create a new workbook for this file.
Example:</span></strong>
Workbooks books = app.get_workbooks();
Workbook newBook = books.add(votp);
newBook = books.Open(“.//1.xls”,...);
newBook = books.get_Item(ColVariant((short)1));
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.4.      Workbook Object
Workbook object is a work book. It includes work sheet and chart. The main functions are:
         Activate a workbook
         Return a worksheets or charts
         Return the active sheet
         Save to file(XLS)
Example:</strong></span>
newBook.Activate();
WorkSheets sheets = newBook.get_WorkSheets();
newBook.get_Charts();
newBook.get_ActiveChart();
newBook.get_ActiveSheet();
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.5.      Worksheets object
Worksheets is a aggregate object too. Every element is worksheet object. In fact, there is a Sheets object, it is aggregate object too, but the element maybe a worksheet object or a chart object.
The main functions are:
         Add new work sheet
         Get work sheet by index
Example:</strong></span>
Worksheet sheet = sheets.add(vopt,vopt,vopt,COleVariant((short)1));
sheet = sheets.get_Item(index);
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.6.      Worksheet object
WorkSheet object is a work sheet of Excel. It is the member of Worksheets and sheets.
The main functions are:
         All operation on work sheet, like password.
         Return the Range object by cell area.
         Activate itself
Example:</strong></span>
sheet. Protect();
sheet.put_Name(“My create sheet”);
Ranget oRng =sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(“A1:B3”),vopt);
sheet.Activate();
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.7.      Range object
Range object is a cell, or a row, or a column, or a area (it maybe a cell or some continuous cells), or a 3D area.
The main functions are:
         Get and set the cells value
         Get and set the cells formula
         Offset
         Union
         Font, autofit, and so on…
Example:</strong></span>
oRng.get_Value();
oRng.put_Value(COleVariant("Date"));
oRange = oRange.get_Resize(COleVariant((long)20),
                     COleVariant((long)1));
oRange.put_Formula(COleVariant("=C2*0.07"));
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.8.      Charts
Charts is a aggregate object, it includes all charts in workbook, but it doesn’t contain embedded charts.
The main functions are:
         Get chart by index
         Add a new chart to workbook
         Print chart
Example:</strong></span>
Charts charts = newBook.get_Charts();
Charts.get_Item(index);
Chart newChart = charts.add(vopt,vopt,COleVariant((short)1));
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.9.      Chart
Chart represents chart, it can be a embedded chart or a single chart.
The main functions:
         Set the basic attributes, e.g., name, title, active.
         Set the chart type
         Set the chart data source
Example:</strong></span>
newChart.put_Name("My chart");
newChart.put_ChartType((long)xlLineMarkers);
Range oRang;
oRang = newSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("C2:D21"), vOpt);
newChart.SetSourceData(oRang,COleVariant((short)2));
 
<span style="font-size:24px;"><strong>2.10. Chart type
 
3.  The step of creating
Now let us start to create a project and write program for creating an Excel sheet and an Excel chart.
We describe that in two steps. The first step is how to import type libraries and what type libraries are imported into project, and the second step is how to code. The second will be described in next section.
3.1.      How and what
What libraries are imported into? Different office version has different type libraries, see above form.
There are some difference of how to import between VC6.0 and VC7.0.
3.1.1.            VC6.0
1.    Create a MFC exe project
2.    Select Menu “View->Class Wizard”
3.    Select option card “Automation->Add Class->from type library”
4.    Select an excel9.olb/excel8.olb/excel.exe file, which often locates under dir C:/Program files/Office/.
5.    Select specified classes, e.g. _Application, Workbooks, _Workbook, Worksheets, _Worksheet, Range, then click OK, and a file named excel9.h/excel8.h will be created. That file includes the definition of above classes.

3.1.2.            VC7.0
1.    Create a MFC EXE project, single document, and container
2.    Select menu “Project->Class Wizard”
3.    Select “Class in type library”
4.    Click “Open” button
5.    Set the source of class as “File”, and select the file.
6.    Select the interfaces that you want to add your project from left list and insert them into right list
7.    Set the import file name (excel.h), then click the “Complete” button.
 
 

4.  Program with create Excel file
We suppose that all classed are defined in excel.h, so we can use those classes by only including excel.h.
We add two menu items, one for creating specified Excel sheet named ID_NewSheet, the other for creating chart name ID_NewChart.
The steps:
1.    Add two menu items
2.    Add two message map functions for above two menu items
3.    Include excel.h file in the file you define above two message map functions.
4.    Implement the two functions
4.1.      Program with sheet
The next is a way of ID_NewSheet message map function implementation:
//Excel object model</strong></span>
    _Application app;
    Workbooks books;
    _Workbook newBook;
    Worksheets sheets;
    _Worksheet oSheet,firstSheet;
    Charts charts;
    _Chart chart,firstChart;
    Range range;
    Range iCell;
    LPDISPATCH lpDisp;
    COleVariant vResult;
    COleVariant vOpt((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
 
    //Create Excel server (start Excel)
    if(!app.CreateDispatch("Excel.Application"))
    {
        AfxMessageBox("Can’t start Excel server! ");
        return;
    }
    app.put_Visible(TRUE); //set Excel visible
    app.put_UserControl(TRUE); //user can operate Excel
 
//new a book
//得到工作簿容器
    books.AttachDispatch(app.get_Workbooks());
    newBook = books.Add(vOpt);//增加一个工作簿
 
    //Get worksheets and get the first worksheet
    sheets = newBook.get_Worksheets();
    oSheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));
 
    //*** ADD DATA TO THE WORKSHEET
    //Add Headers to Row 1 of the worksheet
    Range oRange;
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("A1"), vOpt);
    oRange.put_Value2(COleVariant("Date"));
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("B1"), vOpt);
    oRange.put_Value2(COleVariant("Order #"));
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("C1"), vOpt);
    oRange.put_Value2(COleVariant("Amount"));
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("D1"), vOpt);
    oRange.put_Value2(COleVariant("Tax"));
    //Create a safe array that is NUMROWS x 3 --
    //column 1 will contain dates column 2 will contain strings
    //and column 3 will contain numbers
    COleSafeArray sa;
    DWORD dwElements[2];
    dwElements[0]= 20;    //Number of rows
    dwElements[1]= 3;          //Number of columns
    sa.Create(VT_VARIANT, 2, dwElements);//2代表维数，第一个参数代表数据类型
    //Populate the safe array with the data
    long index[2];
    long lRow;
    COleVariant vTemp;
    COleDateTime vDateTime;
    CString s;
    for(lRow=0;lRow<=20-1;lRow++)
    {
        index[0] = lRow;  
        //Fill the first column with dates
        index[1] = 0;
        vDateTime.SetDate(1999, rand()%12, rand()%28);
        sa.PutElement(index, (COleVariant)vDateTime);
        //Fill the second column with strings
        index[1] = 1;
        s.Format("ORDR%d", lRow+1000);
        vTemp = s;
        sa.PutElement(index, vTemp);
        //Fill the third column with numbers
        index[1] = 2;
        vTemp = (long)rand();
        sa.PutElement(index, vTemp);
    }
    //Fill a range, starting at A2 with the data in
    //the safe array
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("A2"), vOpt);
    oRange = oRange.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)20),
        COleVariant((short)3));
    oRange.put_Value2(sa);
    sa.Detach();
    //*** ADD FORMULAS TO THE WORKSHEET
    //Fill the fourth column with a formula to compute the
    //sales tax. Note that the formula uses a "relative"
    //cell reference so that it fills properly.
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("D2"), vOpt);
    oRange = oRange.get_Resize(COleVariant((long)20),
        COleVariant((long)1));
    oRange.put_Formula(COleVariant("=C2*0.07"));
    //*** FORMAT THE WORKSHEET
    oRange = oSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("A1"), COleVariant("D1"));
    /*Font oFont = oRange.get_Font();
    oFont.SetBold(COleVariant((short)TRUE));//Apply Bold to Headers*/
    oRange = oRange.get_EntireColumn();
    oRange.AutoFit();                    //AutoFit the columns 1:4
    //Make Excel visible and give the user control
    oSheet.put_Name("My New Sheet");
    newBook.SaveAs(COleVariant("C://mynew.xls"),vOpt,vOpt,
        vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,0,
        vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,vOpt);
    newBook.Close (vOpt,COleVariant("C://mynew.xls"/*OutFilename*/),vOpt);
    books.Close();
    app.Quit();
4.2.      Program with chart
The next is a way of ID_NewChart message map function implementation:
//New create Excel object model
    _Application app;
    _Workbook newBook;
    Workbooks books;
    Worksheets sheets;
    _Worksheet newSheet;
    Charts  charts;
    _Chart newChart;
    COleVariant vOpt((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
    //Create Excel server (start Excel)
    if(!app.CreateDispatch("Excel.Application"))
    {
        AfxMessageBox("Can’t start Excel server!");
        return;
    }
    //app.put_Visible(true); //set Excel visible
    app.put_UserControl(TRUE); //user can operate Excel
   
books = app.get_Workbooks();
//打开一个工作簿
    newBook=books.Open("C://mynew.xls",vOpt, vOpt, vOpt, vOpt, vOpt,
        vOpt, vOpt, vOpt, vOpt, vOpt,vOpt, vOpt,vOpt,vOpt);
    //newBook = books.Add(vOpt);
    sheets = newBook.get_Sheets();
    newSheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));
    charts = newBook.get_Charts();
    CString tip;
    //for(;m_chartType<100;m_chartType++)
    {
        try
        {
            if(charts.get_Count()>0)
                charts.Delete();
            newChart = charts.Add(vOpt,vOpt,COleVariant((short)1));
            newChart.put_Name("My chart");
            newChart.put_ChartType((long)xlLineMarkers);
 
            tip.Format("C://mynewchart%d.xls",xlLine);
            //MessageBox(tip);
            Range oRang;
            oRang = newSheet.get_Range(COleVariant("C2:D21"), vOpt);
            newChart.SetSourceData(oRang,COleVariant((short)2));
 
            newChart.put_HasTitle(true);
            ChartTitle oChartTtl = newChart.get_ChartTitle();
            oChartTtl.put_Text("My sample xy-scatter chart");
            newChart.put_HasLegend(false);
           
 
            newBook.SaveAs(COleVariant(tip),vOpt,vOpt,
                vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,0,
                vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,vOpt,vOpt);
 
        }
        catch(...)
        {
            //newBook.Close(vOpt,COleVariant(tip/*OutFilename*/),vOpt);
            //app.Quit();
            //continue;
        }
    }
    //newBook.Close (vOpt,COleVariant(tip/*OutFilename*/),vOpt);
    books.Close();
    app.Quit();