在项目开发过程中,经常会有这样的情况:第一次执行一个操作不成功,考虑到可能是网络原因造成,就多执行几次操作,直到得到想要的结果为止,这就是重试机制。
Springboot可以通过整合Spring Retry框架实现重试。
下面讲一下在之前新建的ibatis项目基础上整合Spring Retry框架的步骤:
1、首先要在pom.xml配置中加入spring-retry的依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId> <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> </dependency>
2、在启动类中加入重试注解@EnableRetry。
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.retry.annotation.EnableRetry; @EnableRetry //重试注解 @MapperScan("com.batis.mapper") @SpringBootApplication public class BatisApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(BatisApplication.class, args); } }
3、新建重试接口RetryService和实现类RetryServiceImpl
重试接口:
public interface RetryService { void retryTransferAccounts(int fromAccountId, int toAccountId, float money) throws Exception; }
接口实现类:
import com.batis.mapper.AccountMapper; import com.batis.model.Account; import com.batis.service.RetryService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Backoff; import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Recover; import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Retryable; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Service public class RetryServiceImpl implements RetryService { @Autowired private AccountMapper accountMapper; @Transactional @Retryable(value = Exception.class, maxAttempts = 3, backoff = @Backoff(delay = 3000, multiplier = 1, maxDelay = 10000)) @Override public void retryTransferAccounts(int fromAccountId, int toAccountId, float money) throws Exception { Account fromAccount = accountMapper.findOne(fromAccountId); fromAccount.setBalance(fromAccount.getBalance() - money); accountMapper.update(fromAccount); int a = 2 / 0; Account toAccount = accountMapper.findOne(toAccountId); toAccount.setBalance(toAccount.getBalance() + money); accountMapper.update(toAccount); throw new Exception(); } @Recover public void recover(Exception e) { System.out.println("回调方法执行!!!"); } }
@Retryable:标记当前方法会使用重试机制
- value:重试的触发机制,当遇到Exception异常的时候,会触发重试
- maxAttempts:重试次数(包括第一次调用)
- delay:重试的间隔时间
- multiplier:delay时间的间隔倍数
- maxDelay:重试次数之间的最大时间间隔,默认为0,如果小于delay的设置,则默认为30000L
@Recover:标记方法为回调方法,传参与@Retryable的value值需一致
4、新建重试控制器类RetryController
import com.batis.service.RetryService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("/retry") public class RetryController { @Autowired private RetryService retryService; @RequestMapping(value = "/transfer", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String transferAccounts() { try { retryService.retryTransferAccounts(1, 2, 200); return "ok"; } catch (Exception e) { return "no"; } } }
5、启动ibatis项目进行测试,在浏览器地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/retry/transfer
可以看到,转账操作一共执行了3次,最后执行了回调方法。
至此Springboot整合Spring Retry的步骤已经完成,测试也非常成功!