RSA密钥,JAVA与.NET之间转换

前言

 　　最近由于项目需求，服务端由c#编写，客户端由java编写。通信数据使用RSA非对称加密。但是java和c#生成的密钥格式是不一样的，所以需要转换格式才可以正常使用。网上搜到使用java进行格式转换的代码（如：http://blog.csdn.net/road2010/article/details/40071881 ），本文将给出一种c#的实现方法。

密钥格式

java密钥格式如下：

私钥：

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

公钥：

MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCkmUkhHT4b++zuaHJyzRl3kNtaiQwKwtfsiHfvf6WOW15GZObwgePRKXzMDbpC7+gCaqH04WTzTrNbdNeX3RGCFJ5CHNkFcUcGtMU3hT+jfA+FkF0VrOHzRtuySuZD+ObPvSpSbceYbOxve2jHM3oSFqR2juo/Ypzpo5VPJetimQIDAQAB

.NET密钥格式如下：

私钥：

<RSAKeyValue>

  <Modulus>pJlJIR0+G/vs7mhycs0Zd5DbWokMCsLX7Ih373+ljlteRmTm8IHj0Sl8zA26Qu/oAmqh9OFk806zW3TXl90RghSeQhzZBXFHBrTFN4U/o3wPhZBdFazh80bbskrmQ/jmz70qUm3HmGzsb3toxzN6Ehakdo7qP2Kc6aOVTyXrYpk=</Modulus>

  <Exponent>AQAB</Exponent>

  <P>1WKkFg6jlS2eZSVLiH1CK4b9uhr7qE1/L+tPqKQs+PzHX4eiZXnyAlQ+kgGmL7n1wR1RWNuiYnDZUetmTogaDQ==</P>

  <Q>xXhsuEnNJNQcQHEVTPZoulbMbTV1VZIDQ1zjG8fvu8sv6IBYcR5+EsC8n3/6RkW8/iCJDzxE++VHzhoSQSoDvQ==</Q>

  <DP>zr/rcn+umd0Aisnu/Ik48smxz39TdIfaAwkBPsoL1Re+6V2WyLG1/fG4SmmUpsuMRRdt+SWdmbnzpr7peo++hQ==</DP>

  <DQ>MWi2W04sBEEGaKFi4QTuo2FAeTrdBvIn2t0M/lCCjYyDijtC5drpVKvhBk+xQZAFf9iIMsWzxQtTciBX3PI0SQ==</DQ>

  <InverseQ>wGEfA3LWM4NHgRnXDqwwOUs3OtqWK0tsJPPcFMci+Bcgy96JpFTCr7bubXHMu14bdopCWUann2d3UuwEpvP+</InverseQ>

  <D>mK3TRtMwRJb33OGnn9OeFumYfy92qxi3X6Hq1o6qDBW2qkd4bImfv+ni6AinyOVuaadt2Y+lq4dKGcCVJzoZvPm1VKxD2y7xKa8/vEbPRiRTt0qnPq9T7UJkpDsiXf/zOMfWdjc3uA1bPnQ65RWHSJ7zAE+Gd7xnyCE5MEyijLE=</D>

</RSAKeyValue>

公钥：

<RSAKeyValue>

  <Modulus>pJlJIR0+G/vs7mhycs0Zd5DbWokMCsLX7Ih373+ljlteRmTm8IHj0Sl8zA26Qu/oAmqh9OFk806zW3TXl90RghSeQhzZBXFHBrTFN4U/o3wPhZBdFazh80bbskrmQ/jmz70qUm3HmGzsb3toxzN6Ehakdo7qP2Kc6aOVTyXrYpk=</Modulus>

  <Exponent>AQAB</Exponent>

</RSAKeyValue>

　　

转换实现代码（c#）

　　格式转换要用到一个开源加密库Bouncy Castle Crypto APIs，官网地址： http://www.bouncycastle.org/csharp/

　　具体实现代码如下：

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using System; using System.Xml; using Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1.Pkcs; using Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1.X509; using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters; using Org.BouncyCastle.Math; using Org.BouncyCastle.Pkcs; using Org.BouncyCastle.Security; using Org.BouncyCastle.X509;   /// <summary> /// RSA密钥格式转换 /// </summary> public class RSAKeyConvert {     /// <summary>     /// RSA私钥格式转换，java->.net     /// </summary>     /// <param name="privateKey">java生成的RSA私钥</param>     /// <returns></returns>     public static string RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(string privateKey)     {         RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(privateKey));           return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));     }       /// <summary>     /// RSA私钥格式转换，.net->java     /// </summary>     /// <param name="privateKey">.net生成的私钥</param>     /// <returns></returns>     public static string RSAPrivateKeyDotNet2Java(string privateKey)     {         XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();         doc.LoadXml(privateKey);         BigInteger m = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Modulus")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger exp = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Exponent")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger d = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("D")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger p = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("P")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger q = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Q")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger dp = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("DP")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger dq = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("DQ")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger qinv = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("InverseQ")[0].InnerText));           RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(m, exp, d, p, q, dp, dq, qinv);           PrivateKeyInfo privateKeyInfo = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKeyParam);         byte[] serializedPrivateBytes = privateKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object().GetEncoded();         return Convert.ToBase64String(serializedPrivateBytes);     }       /// <summary>     /// RSA公钥格式转换，java->.net     /// </summary>     /// <param name="publicKey">java生成的公钥</param>     /// <returns></returns>     public static string RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(string publicKey)     {         RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicKey));         return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",             Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),             Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));     }       /// <summary>     /// RSA公钥格式转换，.net->java     /// </summary>     /// <param name="publicKey">.net生成的公钥</param>     /// <returns></returns>     public static string RSAPublicKeyDotNet2Java(string publicKey)     {         XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();         doc.LoadXml(publicKey);         BigInteger m = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Modulus")[0].InnerText));         BigInteger p = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Exponent")[0].InnerText));         RsaKeyParameters pub = new RsaKeyParameters(false, m, p);           SubjectPublicKeyInfo publicKeyInfo = SubjectPublicKeyInfoFactory.CreateSubjectPublicKeyInfo(pub);         byte[] serializedPublicBytes = publicKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object().GetDerEncoded();         return Convert.ToBase64String(serializedPublicBytes);     } }

　　

最近在做银联的一个接口,用到RSA签名,悲剧来了,.net用的RSA密钥格式和JAVA用的不一样

.net为XML格式

1	<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>53KnujHcV0962zoLigW8d4AUb+1TS3LiySGrXhF5FgjUQhLzI6PCM/hyHPhUat6MTcgWK3kAVInughtNOHXrBI92I1nAdwlMwBPh+F+0UGhQDR5LMaBg7tQq7ebyhy8/QRCtxEO+F0QQYYv0t15RIup+F+08HdWSnTroTBwcEpU=</Modulus><Exponent>AQAB</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>

JAVA需要PEM文件或DER格式

PEM文件

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-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCz4PgoQ/2o5cMmFJgcFHLwEl1V 2olZxAEMb7mWfwH36JvORq/maQEE4kYbF2gQN7lQ0C+km0WK6s6ZdzHlhIm/CoK9 YdFCssoTyzj9BDc1RpCtiF1siz/f9vOmGzYKp3bHYHCoEX21XaOuDuVURLuVCWws HPBpk841ayGwoz4PWQIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY-----

x50916进制展开

1

30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100c166a9a72c74666ed033492d99fa85dffab5230511a3099cd2103a3c89024bcaa8e53b3811fe1588d4827f0621f806c7598fcb4de4624dac420cbbcb84e265589d9fb636a727c7046bcc83ca3bd15980c0ea64246c286b62f55be382b75901f1ee20875018612c69e30e316179460f00cb6f1d965223738c4e58b0da9da4bc4d0203010001

　　

DER16进制展开

30818902818100c166a9a72c74666ed033492d99fa85dffab5230511a3099cd2103a3c89024bcaa8e53b3811fe1588d4827f0621f806c7598fcb4de4624dac420cbbcb84e265589d9fb636a727c7046bcc83ca3bd15980c0ea64246c286b62f55be382b75901f1ee20875018612c69e30e316179460f00cb6f1d965223738c4e58b0da9da4bc4d0203010001

问题来了,它们之间是它喵的啥关系

x509与DER

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/**      * x509格式公钥转换为Der格式      *      * @param x509PublicKey x509格式公钥字符串      * @return Der格式公钥字符串      */     public static String getRsaPublicKeyDerFromX509(String x509PublicKey) {         try {             ASN1InputStream aIn = new ASN1InputStream(hexString2ByteArr(x509PublicKey));             SubjectPublicKeyInfo info = SubjectPublicKeyInfo.getInstance(aIn.readObject());             RSAPublicKeyStructure struct = RSAPublicKeyStructure.getInstance(info.getPublicKey());             if (aIn != null)                 aIn.close();             return byteArr2HexString(struct.getDERObject().getEncoded());         } catch (IOException e) {             return null;         }     }

x509与PEM

对于公钥,x509=Convert.FromBase64String(PEM中间内容)

私钥就不知道怎么算的

因此JAVA使用格式都是可以用x509进行转换的,剩下的就是如何将.NET的和JAVA的相互转换

格式转换要用到一个开源加密库Bouncy Castle Crypto APIs，官网地址： http://www.bouncycastle.org/csharp/

x509与.NET相互转换

/// <summary>
        /// RSA私钥格式转换，java->.net
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyInfoData">java生成的RSA私钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(byte[] privateKeyInfoData)
        {
            RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(privateKeyInfoData);

            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA私钥格式转换，.net->java
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKey">.net生成的私钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] RSAPrivateKeyDotNet2Java(string privateKey)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(privateKey);
            BigInteger m = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Modulus")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger exp = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Exponent")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger d = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("D")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger p = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("P")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger q = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Q")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger dp = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("DP")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger dq = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("DQ")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger qinv = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("InverseQ")[0].InnerText));

            RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(m, exp, d, p, q, dp, dq, qinv);

            PrivateKeyInfo privateKeyInfo = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKeyParam);
            byte[] serializedPrivateBytes = privateKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object().GetEncoded();
            return serializedPrivateBytes;
            //return Convert.ToBase64String(serializedPrivateBytes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA公钥格式转换，java->.net
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyInfoData">java生成的公钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(byte[] keyInfoData)
        {
            RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(keyInfoData);
            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA公钥格式转换，.net->java
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKey">.net生成的公钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] RSAPublicKeyDotNet2Java(string publicKey)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(publicKey);
            BigInteger m = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Modulus")[0].InnerText));
            BigInteger p = new BigInteger(1, Convert.FromBase64String(doc.DocumentElement.GetElementsByTagName("Exponent")[0].InnerText));
            RsaKeyParameters pub = new RsaKeyParameters(false, m, p);

            SubjectPublicKeyInfo publicKeyInfo = SubjectPublicKeyInfoFactory.CreateSubjectPublicKeyInfo(pub);
            byte[] serializedPublicBytes = publicKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object().GetDerEncoded();
            return serializedPublicBytes;
            //return Convert.ToBase64String(serializedPublicBytes);
        }

PEM与.NET相互转换

 public static void Xml2PemPrivate(string xml,string saveFile)
        {
            var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromXmlString(xml);
            var p = rsa.ExportParameters(true);
            var key = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(
                new BigInteger(1, p.Modulus), new BigInteger(1, p.Exponent), new BigInteger(1, p.D),
                new BigInteger(1, p.P), new BigInteger(1, p.Q), new BigInteger(1, p.DP), new BigInteger(1, p.DQ),
                new BigInteger(1, p.InverseQ));
            using (var sw = new StreamWriter(saveFile))
            {
                var pemWriter = new Org.BouncyCastle.OpenSsl.PemWriter(sw);
                pemWriter.WriteObject(key);
            }
        }
        public static string Pem2XmlPrivate(string pemFile)
        {
            AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair;
            using (var sr = new StreamReader(pemFile))
            {
                var pemReader = new Org.BouncyCastle.OpenSsl.PemReader(sr);
                keyPair = (AsymmetricCipherKeyPair)pemReader.ReadObject();
            }
            var key = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)keyPair.Private;
            var p = new RSAParameters
            {
                Modulus = key.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                Exponent = key.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                D = key.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                P = key.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                Q = key.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                DP = key.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                DQ = key.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
                InverseQ = key.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
            };
            var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.ImportParameters(p);
            return rsa.ToXmlString(true);
        }


        public static string Xml2PemPublic(string xml, string saveFile)
        {
            var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromXmlString(xml);
            var p = rsa.ExportParameters(false);
            RsaKeyParameters key = new RsaKeyParameters(false, new BigInteger(1, p.Modulus), new BigInteger(1, p.Exponent)); 
            using (var sw = new StreamWriter(saveFile))
            {
                var pemWriter = new Org.BouncyCastle.OpenSsl.PemWriter(sw);
                pemWriter.WriteObject(key);
            }
            return System.IO.File.ReadAllText(saveFile);
        }

        public static string Pem2XmlPublic(string pemFileConent)
        {
            pemFileConent = pemFileConent.Replace("-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END PUBLIC KEY-----", "").Replace("
", "").Replace("
", "");
            var data = Convert.FromBase64String(pemFileConent);
            return RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(data);
        }