Azure Terraform（三）部署 Web 应用程序

一，引言

　　上一节关于 Terraform 的文章讲到 Terraform 使用到的一些语法，以及通过演示使用 Terraform 在Azure 上部署资源组，极大的方便了基础设施实施人员，也提高了基础设施团队的工作效率，同时可以利用 IAC 工具来管理云基础设施资源。

　　这个时候就有人问到，既然 Terraform 这么强大，那可不可以自动化部署其他Azure 资源，比方我们公司的项目就部署在Azure Web 应用上，用户访问的流量通过 Traffic Manager（流量配置分发管理器） 将流量分发到后端的 Web 应用程序，基础设施架构图如下图所示：

 那我们今天就已当前基础设施架构图为模板，通过Terraform 实现基础设施资源的自动化部署

--------------------Azure Terraform 系列--------------------

1，Azure Terraform（一）入门简介

2，Azure Terraform（二）语法详解

3，Azure Terraform（三）部署 Web 应用程序

4，Azure Terraform（四）状态文件存储

5，Azure Terraform（五）利用Azure DevOps 实现自动化部署基础资源

6，Azure Terraform（六）Common Module

二，正文

1，Terraform 下的资源架构

1.1 Data Source

这个我们引入一个新的概念，Terraform Data Source

provider "azurerm" {
  version = "~>2.0"
  features {}
}

data "azurerm_resource_group" "cnbate_resource_group" {
  name = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
}

使用 data 标记的资源访问有关现有资源组的信息，意思就是在Azure 上我们已有一个名为 “Web_Test_TF_RG”，我们直接引用现有的资源组，在此资源组下创建其他云资源。

1.2 Web 应用程序

注意：根据架构图所示，两个 Web 应用程序 

resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan01" {
  name                = "cnbate_appserviceplan01"
  location            = local.location_eastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  sku {
    tier = "Standard"
    size = "S1"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan02" {
  name                = "cnbate_appserviceplan02"
  location            = local.location_southeastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  sku {
    tier = "Standard"
    size = "S1"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service01" {
  name                = "CnBateBlogWeb01"
  location            = local.location_eastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  app_service_plan_id = azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01.id

  app_settings = {
    "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
  }
}

resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service02" {
  name                = "CnBateBlogWeb02"
  location            = local.location_southeastAsia
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  app_service_plan_id = azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02.id

  app_settings = {
    "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
  }
}

1.3，Traffic Manager Profile（流量管理器配置）

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_profile" "cnbate_traffic_manager_profile" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name

  traffic_routing_method = "Geographic"

  dns_config {
    relative_name = "cnbateblogweb"
    ttl           = 60
  }

  monitor_config {
    protocol                     = "http"
    port                         = 80
    path                         = "/"
    interval_in_seconds          = 30
    timeout_in_seconds           = 10
    tolerated_number_of_failures = 3
  }

  tags = {
    Environment = "Production"
  }
}

1.4 Traffic Manager Endpoint（流量管理器终结点）

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  profile_name        = azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile.name
  target_resource_id  = azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01.id
  type                = "azureEndpoints"

  geo_mappings = ["CN"]
}

resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02" {
  name                = "cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance"
  resource_group_name = data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group.name
  profile_name        = azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile.name
  target_resource_id  = azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02.id
  type                = "azureEndpoints"

  geo_mappings = ["SG"]
}

完整请查看文章底部 github 链接

2，执行 Terraform 部署计划并且验证部署结果

2.1，使用以下 terraform apply 命令进行部署

PS D:CoreTerraformAzure	erraform_cnbate_traffic manager> terraform apply
data.azurerm_resource_group.cnbate_resource_group: Refreshing state...

An execution plan has been generated and is shown below.
Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  
  + create

Terraform will perform the following actions:

  # azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service01" {    
      + app_service_plan_id               = (known after apply)
      + app_settings                      = {
          + "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
        }
      + client_affinity_enabled           = false
      + client_cert_enabled               = false
      + custom_domain_verification_id     = (known after apply)
      + default_site_hostname             = (known after apply)
      + enabled                           = true
      + https_only                        = false
      + id                                = (known after apply)
      + location                          = "eastasia"
      + name                              = "CnBateBlogWeb01"  
      + outbound_ip_address_list          = (known after apply)
      + outbound_ip_addresses             = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_address_list = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_addresses    = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name               = "Web_Test_TF_RG"   
      + site_credential                   = (known after apply)

      + auth_settings {
          + additional_login_params        = (known after apply)
          + allowed_external_redirect_urls = (known after apply)
          + default_provider               = (known after apply)
          + enabled                        = (known after apply)
          + issuer                         = (known after apply)
          + runtime_version                = (known after apply)
          + token_refresh_extension_hours  = (known after apply)
          + token_store_enabled            = (known after apply)
          + unauthenticated_client_action  = (known after apply)

          + active_directory {
              + allowed_audiences = (known after apply)
              + client_id         = (known after apply)
              + client_secret     = (sensitive value)
            }

          + facebook {
              + app_id       = (known after apply)
              + app_secret   = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes = (known after apply)
            }

          + google {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + microsoft {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + twitter {
              + consumer_key    = (known after apply)
              + consumer_secret = (sensitive value)
            }
        }

      + connection_string {
          + name  = (known after apply)
          + type  = (known after apply)
          + value = (sensitive value)
        }

      + identity {
          + identity_ids = (known after apply)
          + principal_id = (known after apply)
          + tenant_id    = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }

      + logs {
          + detailed_error_messages_enabled = (known after apply)
          + failed_request_tracing_enabled  = (known after apply)

          + application_logs {
              + file_system_level = (known after apply)

              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + level             = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }
            }

          + http_logs {
              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }

              + file_system {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_mb   = (known after apply)
                }
            }
        }

      + site_config {
          + always_on                   = (known after apply)
          + app_command_line            = (known after apply)
          + auto_swap_slot_name         = (known after apply)
          + default_documents           = (known after apply)
          + dotnet_framework_version    = (known after apply)
          + ftps_state                  = (known after apply)
          + health_check_path           = (known after apply)
          + http2_enabled               = (known after apply)
          + ip_restriction              = (known after apply)
          + java_container              = (known after apply)
          + java_container_version      = (known after apply)
          + java_version                = (known after apply)
          + linux_fx_version            = (known after apply)
          + local_mysql_enabled         = (known after apply)
          + managed_pipeline_mode       = (known after apply)
          + min_tls_version             = (known after apply)
          + php_version                 = (known after apply)
          + python_version              = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_enabled    = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_version    = (known after apply)
          + scm_ip_restriction          = (known after apply)
          + scm_type                    = (known after apply)
          + scm_use_main_ip_restriction = (known after apply)
          + use_32_bit_worker_process   = (known after apply)
          + websockets_enabled          = (known after apply)
          + windows_fx_version          = (known after apply)

          + cors {
              + allowed_origins     = (known after apply)
              + support_credentials = (known after apply)
            }
        }

      + source_control {
          + branch             = (known after apply)
          + manual_integration = (known after apply)
          + repo_url           = (known after apply)
          + rollback_enabled   = (known after apply)
          + use_mercurial      = (known after apply)
        }

      + storage_account {
          + access_key   = (sensitive value)
          + account_name = (known after apply)
          + mount_path   = (known after apply)
          + name         = (known after apply)
          + share_name   = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service" "cnbate_app_service02" {
      + app_service_plan_id               = (known after apply)
      + app_settings                      = {
          + "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" = "Production"
        }
      + client_affinity_enabled           = false
      + client_cert_enabled               = false
      + custom_domain_verification_id     = (known after apply)
      + default_site_hostname             = (known after apply)
      + enabled                           = true
      + https_only                        = false
      + id                                = (known after apply)
      + location                          = "southeastasia"
      + name                              = "CnBateBlogWeb02"
      + outbound_ip_address_list          = (known after apply)
      + outbound_ip_addresses             = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_address_list = (known after apply)
      + possible_outbound_ip_addresses    = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name               = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + site_credential                   = (known after apply)

      + auth_settings {
          + additional_login_params        = (known after apply)
          + allowed_external_redirect_urls = (known after apply)
          + default_provider               = (known after apply)
          + enabled                        = (known after apply)
          + issuer                         = (known after apply)
          + runtime_version                = (known after apply)
          + token_refresh_extension_hours  = (known after apply)
          + token_store_enabled            = (known after apply)
          + unauthenticated_client_action  = (known after apply)

          + active_directory {
              + allowed_audiences = (known after apply)
              + client_id         = (known after apply)
              + client_secret     = (sensitive value)
            }

          + facebook {
              + app_id       = (known after apply)
              + app_secret   = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes = (known after apply)
            }

          + google {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + microsoft {
              + client_id     = (known after apply)
              + client_secret = (sensitive value)
              + oauth_scopes  = (known after apply)
            }

          + twitter {
              + consumer_key    = (known after apply)
              + consumer_secret = (sensitive value)
            }
        }

      + connection_string {
          + name  = (known after apply)
          + type  = (known after apply)
          + value = (sensitive value)
        }

      + identity {
          + identity_ids = (known after apply)
          + principal_id = (known after apply)
          + tenant_id    = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }

      + logs {
          + detailed_error_messages_enabled = (known after apply)
          + failed_request_tracing_enabled  = (known after apply)

          + application_logs {
              + file_system_level = (known after apply)

              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + level             = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }
            }

          + http_logs {
              + azure_blob_storage {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + sas_url           = (sensitive value)
                }

              + file_system {
                  + retention_in_days = (known after apply)
                  + retention_in_mb   = (known after apply)
                }
            }
        }

      + site_config {
          + always_on                   = (known after apply)
          + app_command_line            = (known after apply)
          + auto_swap_slot_name         = (known after apply)
          + default_documents           = (known after apply)
          + dotnet_framework_version    = (known after apply)
          + ftps_state                  = (known after apply)
          + health_check_path           = (known after apply)
          + http2_enabled               = (known after apply)
          + ip_restriction              = (known after apply)
          + java_container              = (known after apply)
          + java_container_version      = (known after apply)
          + java_version                = (known after apply)
          + linux_fx_version            = (known after apply)
          + local_mysql_enabled         = (known after apply)
          + managed_pipeline_mode       = (known after apply)
          + min_tls_version             = (known after apply)
          + php_version                 = (known after apply)
          + python_version              = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_enabled    = (known after apply)
          + remote_debugging_version    = (known after apply)
          + scm_ip_restriction          = (known after apply)
          + scm_type                    = (known after apply)
          + scm_use_main_ip_restriction = (known after apply)
          + use_32_bit_worker_process   = (known after apply)
          + websockets_enabled          = (known after apply)
          + windows_fx_version          = (known after apply)

          + cors {
              + allowed_origins     = (known after apply)
              + support_credentials = (known after apply)
            }
        }

      + source_control {
          + branch             = (known after apply)
          + manual_integration = (known after apply)
          + repo_url           = (known after apply)
          + rollback_enabled   = (known after apply)
          + use_mercurial      = (known after apply)
        }

      + storage_account {
          + access_key   = (sensitive value)
          + account_name = (known after apply)
          + mount_path   = (known after apply)
          + name         = (known after apply)
          + share_name   = (known after apply)
          + type         = (known after apply)
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan01" {
      + id                           = (known after apply)
      + kind                         = "Windows"
      + location                     = "eastasia"
      + maximum_elastic_worker_count = (known after apply)
      + maximum_number_of_workers    = (known after apply)
      + name                         = "cnbate_appserviceplan01"
      + resource_group_name          = "Web_Test_TF_RG"

      + sku {
          + capacity = (known after apply)
          + size     = "S1"
          + tier     = "Standard"
        }
    }

  # azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_app_service_plan" "cnbate_app_service_plan02" {
      + id                           = (known after apply)
      + kind                         = "Windows"
      + location                     = "southeastasia"
      + maximum_elastic_worker_count = (known after apply)
      + maximum_number_of_workers    = (known after apply)
      + name                         = "cnbate_appserviceplan02"
      + resource_group_name          = "Web_Test_TF_RG"

      + sku {
          + capacity = (known after apply)
          + size     = "S1"
          + tier     = "Standard"
        }
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01" {
      + endpoint_location       = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_monitor_status = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_status         = (known after apply)
      + geo_mappings            = [
          + "CN",
        ]
      + id                      = (known after apply)
      + name                    = "cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance"
      + priority                = (known after apply)
      + profile_name            = "cnbateblogweb"
      + resource_group_name     = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + target                  = (known after apply)
      + target_resource_id      = (known after apply)
      + type                    = "azureEndpoints"
      + weight                  = (known after apply)
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02 will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint" "cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02" {
      + endpoint_location       = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_monitor_status = (known after apply)
      + endpoint_status         = (known after apply)
      + geo_mappings            = [
          + "SG",
        ]
      + id                      = (known after apply)
      + name                    = "cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance"
      + priority                = (known after apply)
      + profile_name            = "cnbateblogweb"
      + resource_group_name     = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + target                  = (known after apply)
      + target_resource_id      = (known after apply)
      + type                    = "azureEndpoints"
      + weight                  = (known after apply)
    }

  # azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile will be created
  + resource "azurerm_traffic_manager_profile" "cnbate_traffic_manager_profile" {
      + fqdn                   = (known after apply)
      + id                     = (known after apply)
      + name                   = "cnbateblogweb"
      + profile_status         = (known after apply)
      + resource_group_name    = "Web_Test_TF_RG"
      + tags                   = {
          + "Environment" = "Production"
        }
      + traffic_routing_method = "Geographic"

      + dns_config {
          + relative_name = "cnbateblogweb"
          + ttl           = 60
        }

      + monitor_config {
          + interval_in_seconds          = 30
          + path                         = "/"
          + port                         = 80
          + protocol                     = "http"
          + timeout_in_seconds           = 10
          + tolerated_number_of_failures = 3
        }
    }

Plan: 7 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.

Do you want to perform these actions?
  Terraform will perform the actions described above.
  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.

  Enter a value: yes

azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02: Creating...
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_profile.cnbate_traffic_manager_profile: Creation complete after 5s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb]
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan01: Creation complete after 7s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/serverfarms/cnbate_appserviceplan01]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Creating...
azurerm_app_service_plan.cnbate_app_service_plan02: Creation complete after 8s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/serverfarms/cnbate_appserviceplan02]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Creating...
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Still creating... [30s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Still creating... [30s elapsed]
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service01: Creation complete after 33s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites/CnBateBlogWeb01]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Creating...
azurerm_app_service.cnbate_app_service02: Creation complete after 33s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites/CnBateBlogWeb02]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Creating...
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint01: Creation complete after 10s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb/azureEndpoints/cnbateblogweb_webapp01_performance]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Still creating... [20s elapsed]
azurerm_traffic_manager_endpoint.cnbate_traffic_manager_endpoint02: Creation complete after 21s [id=/subscriptions/c4206323-2bc4-4732-a41e-df2f392c0afc/resourceGroups/Web_Test_TF_RG/providers/Microsoft.Network/trafficManagerProfiles/cnbateblogweb/azureEndpoints/cnbateblogweb_webapp02_performance]

Apply complete! Resources: 7 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
PS D:CoreTerraformAzure	erraform_cnbate_traffic manager>

登录 Azure Portal 中，查看刚刚部署完成的资源

Traffic Manager profile (流量管理配置) 终结点配置

来自 “亚洲=》中国” 的流量转发到 “CnBateBlogWeb01”

来自 ”亚洲=》新加坡“ 的流量转发到 “CnBateBlogWeb02”

3，部署 Web 应用程序

发布 CnBateBlogWeb01

选择 Web_Test_TF_RG 资源组下的 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“ Web 应用程序

 点击 ”发布“，进行发布操作

发布成功后，点击 ”Browse“ 再浏览器中访问。

显示OK，没有任何问题，为了两个Web App 部署做区分，我这里在 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“ 上显示 ”This is China“

同样，我们发布项目到 ”CnBateBlogWeb02“，同样的也为了区分，页面显示 ”This is Singapore"

发布项目完成后，就开始测试 Azure Traffic Manager profile（流量管理配置）是否可以将用户通过 Traffic Manager 来的请求是否能能够正常的转发后对于的终结点

测试区域 ”亚洲=》中国“

访问ok，成功的将来自 ”china“ 的流量转发到后端 ”CnBateBlogWeb01“

测试区域 ”亚洲=》新加坡“

访问ok，成功的将来自 ”Singapore“ 的流量转发到后端 ”CnBateBlogWeb02“

温馨提示，大家记得 ”terraform destroy“ 删除所有的资源

三，结尾

　　今天的内容其实很简单，回归了一下 Azure Traffic Manger 的相关知识点，通过设置 ”Geograhpic“ （基于地理位置的路由策略），当用户访问 Traffic Manger ，它在不同的地理位置上部署服务器以就近响应用户的请求。同时利用 Terraform 快速实现云基础设置资源的搭建，提高了整个团队在云资源构建方面的能力。

参考资料：Terraform 官方，azurerm 文档

Terraform_Cnbate_Traffic_Manager github：https://github.com/yunqian44/Terraform_Cnbate_Traffic_Manager

CnBateBlogWeb github：https://github.com/yunqian44/CnBateBlogWeb

作者：Allen 

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