Cocos2d-x学习笔记（一）环境搭建与项目创建

可运行的代码可以说明一切问题。

环境需安装VS201x + Python2.7 + Cocos2d-x-2.2.5。(Linux下参考链接：http://www.cocos2d-x.org/wiki/How_to_run_cpp-tests_on_Linux)

1. 点击cocos2d-win32.vc201x.sln，打开后，编译（可以查看一下，例子项目的依赖项）；

2. TestCpp中，查看各种特性的例子与效果（从这里能更快速学习）；

3. 进入目录cocos2d-x-2.2.5 oolsproject-creator，使用脚本create_project.py来创建项目；一般将在cmd命令窗口下创建。有机会，可以看看该python脚本的内容，大概200行左右；具体操作如下图所示：

　　

　　这里，我们创建了一个名为FirstGame的项目，使用语言是C++。结果：创建出了各个平台的项目。这里选在Win32上开发（无强制要求）。

　　

　　Resources目录中存资源；Classes目录中存代理和场景定义源文件且被其它项目共享；剩余目录均为项目目录。

　　创建成功后的解决方案目录结构如下：

　　

　　至此，一个项目即创建成功。从下边几个文件的命名即可看出其中的逻辑：AppDelegate的作用就是一个桥梁，HelloWorldScene就是一个场景的简单示例，而main则是程序的入口。

　　下边会项目中重要的几个文件的内容代码贴在下边（部分文件我也添加了一部分注释）：

　　AppDelegate.h

#ifndef  _APP_DELEGATE_H_
#define  _APP_DELEGATE_H_

#include "cocos2d.h"

/**
@brief    The cocos2d Application.

The reason for implement as private inheritance is to hide some interface call by CCDirector.
*/
class  AppDelegate : private cocos2d::CCApplication
{
public:
    AppDelegate();
    virtual ~AppDelegate();

    /**
    @brief    Implement CCDirector and CCScene init code here.
    @return true    Initialize success, app continue.
    @return false   Initialize failed, app terminate.
    */
    virtual bool applicationDidFinishLaunching();

    /**
    @brief  The function be called when the application enter background
    @param  the pointer of the application
    */
    virtual void applicationDidEnterBackground();

    /**
    @brief  The function be called when the application enter foreground
    @param  the pointer of the application
    */
    virtual void applicationWillEnterForeground();
};

#endif // _APP_DELEGATE_H_

　　AppDelegate.cpp

#include "AppDelegate.h"
#include "HelloWorldScene.h"

USING_NS_CC;

AppDelegate::AppDelegate() {
    // Constructor
}

AppDelegate::~AppDelegate() 
{
    // Desctructor
}

// After launching, enter the function below
bool AppDelegate::applicationDidFinishLaunching() {
    // initialize director
    CCDirector* pDirector = CCDirector::sharedDirector();
    CCEGLView* pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
    // Set OpenGL view
    pDirector->setOpenGLView(pEGLView);
    
    // turn on display FPS (Frame per sesond)
    pDirector->setDisplayStats(true);

    // set FPS. the default value is 1.0/60 if you don't call this
    pDirector->setAnimationInterval(1.0 / 60);

    // create a scene. it's an autorelease object
    CCScene *pScene = HelloWorld::scene();

    // run the created scene
    // Really start from here
    pDirector->runWithScene(pScene);

    return true;
}

// This function will be called when the app is inactive. When comes a phone call,it's be invoked too
// Enter background
void AppDelegate::applicationDidEnterBackground() {
    CCDirector::sharedDirector()->stopAnimation();

    // if you use SimpleAudioEngine, it must be paused
    // SimpleAudioEngine::sharedEngine()->pauseBackgroundMusic();
}

// this function will be called when the app is active again
// Enter foreground
void AppDelegate::applicationWillEnterForeground() {
    CCDirector::sharedDirector()->startAnimation();

    // if you use SimpleAudioEngine, it must resume here
    // SimpleAudioEngine::sharedEngine()->resumeBackgroundMusic();
}

HelloWorldScene.h

#ifndef __HELLOWORLD_SCENE_H__
#define __HELLOWORLD_SCENE_H__

#include "cocos2d.h"

class HelloWorld : public cocos2d::CCLayer
{
public:
    // Here's a difference. Method 'init' in cocos2d-x returns bool, instead of returning 'id' in cocos2d-iphone
    virtual bool init();  

    // there's no 'id' in cpp, so we recommend returning the class instance pointer
    static cocos2d::CCScene* scene();
    
    // a selector callback
    void menuCloseCallback(CCObject* pSender);
    
    // implement the "static node()" method manually
    CREATE_FUNC(HelloWorld);
};

#endif // __HELLOWORLD_SCENE_H__

HelloWorldScene.cpp

#include "HelloWorldScene.h"

USING_NS_CC;

CCScene* HelloWorld::scene()
{
    // 'scene' is an autorelease object
    CCScene *scene = CCScene::create();
    
    // 'layer' is an autorelease object
    HelloWorld *layer = HelloWorld::create();

    // add layer as a child to scene
    scene->addChild(layer);

    // return the scene
    return scene;
}

// on "init" you need to initialize your instance
bool HelloWorld::init()
{
    //////////////////////////////
    // 1. super init first
    if ( !CCLayer::init() )
    {
        return false;
    }
    
    CCSize visibleSize = CCDirector::sharedDirector()->getVisibleSize();
    CCPoint origin = CCDirector::sharedDirector()->getVisibleOrigin();

    /////////////////////////////
    // 2. add a menu item with "X" image, which is clicked to quit the program
    //    you may modify it.

    // add a "close" icon to exit the progress. it's an autorelease object
    CCMenuItemImage *pCloseItem = CCMenuItemImage::create(
                                        "CloseNormal.png",
                                        "CloseSelected.png",
                                        this,
                                        menu_selector(HelloWorld::menuCloseCallback));
    
    pCloseItem->setPosition(ccp(origin.x + visibleSize.width - pCloseItem->getContentSize().width/2 ,
                                origin.y + pCloseItem->getContentSize().height/2));

    // create menu, it's an autorelease object
    CCMenu* pMenu = CCMenu::create(pCloseItem, NULL);
    pMenu->setPosition(CCPointZero);
    this->addChild(pMenu, 1);

    /////////////////////////////
    // 3. add your codes below...

    // add a label shows "Hello World"
    // create and initialize a label
    
    CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create("Hello World", "Arial", 24);
    
    // position the label on the center of the screen
    pLabel->setPosition(ccp(origin.x + visibleSize.width/2,
                            origin.y + visibleSize.height - pLabel->getContentSize().height));

    // add the label as a child to this layer
    this->addChild(pLabel, 1);

    // add "HelloWorld" splash screen"
    CCSprite* pSprite = CCSprite::create("HelloWorld.png");

    // position the sprite on the center of the screen
    pSprite->setPosition(ccp(visibleSize.width/2 + origin.x, visibleSize.height/2 + origin.y));

    // add the sprite as a child to this layer
    this->addChild(pSprite, 0);
    
    return true;
}


void HelloWorld::menuCloseCallback(CCObject* pSender)
{
#if (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WINRT) || (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WP8)
    CCMessageBox("You pressed the close button. Windows Store Apps do not implement a close button.","Alert");
#else
    CCDirector::sharedDirector()->end();
#if (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_IOS)
    exit(0);
#endif
#endif
}

main.cpp

#include "main.h"
#include "AppDelegate.h"
#include "CCEGLView.h"

USING_NS_CC;

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                       HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                       LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                       int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);

    // create the application instance
    AppDelegate app;
    CCEGLView* eglView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
    eglView->setViewName("FirstGame");
    eglView->setFrameSize(480, 320);
    return CCApplication::sharedApplication()->run();
}