VS上利用C#实现一个简单的串口程序记录

一、背景

　　工作上需要利用串口往下位机写入数据，VC太老，正好借此机会来熟悉一直很想接触的VS之C#。

　　感谢Tony托尼哥的串口通信代码，感谢梦真的C#的技术支持。

二、正文

　　1、项目架构：（以我现有的知识认知来说）

　　　　一共有3个文件：

　　　　a、"Program.cs"保存的是主程序入口。

　　　　b、"Form1.Designer.cs"图形控件的实现。

　　　　c、"Form1.cs"里面实现的既是用户逻辑。

　　　　典型代码结构如下:

最先运行文件"Program.cs"内的主程序                                                          
namespace TB528E4PSE_APP                                                                         
{
    static class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 应用程序的主入口点。
        /// </summary>
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
            Application.Run(new VOUTCTRL());-----------------------|
        }                                                          |                
    }                                                              |        
}                                                                  |                    
然后接着运行"Form1.cs" 文件内的"VOUTCTRL()".                       　　 |
namespace TB528E4PSE_APP                                           |        
{                                                                  |                        
    public partial class VOUTCTRL : Form                           |                
    {                                                              |                        
        SerialPort serialPort;                                     |                            
                                                                   |                                        
        public VOUTCTRL()  <---------------------------------------|                            
        {
            //IntializeComponent()函数在"Form1.Designer.cs"里实现，
　　　　　　　//功能是初始化图形界面
            //在图形界面操作时，该代码会被VS自动更改
            InitializeComponent();
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
            //获取串口
            String[] serialPortArray = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
            if (serialPortArray != null && serialPortArray.Length != 0)
            {
                //对串口进行排序
                Array.Sort<String>(serialPortArray);
                foreach (String port in serialPortArray)
                {
                    //添加到combox的item
                    if (port != null && port.Length != 0)
                        comboBox_SPort.Items.Add(port);
                }
            }
            //设置初始显示的值 
            comboBox_SPort.SelectedIndex = 0;
            serialPort = new SerialPort();
        }

        private void button_SPort_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //  在图形界面编辑时，双击Button控件，该函数由VS自动生成
            //  打开窗口
            if (button_SPort.Text == "Open")
            {
                if (serialPort.IsOpen)
                    serialPort.Close();
                try
                {
                    setPort();
                    serialPort.Open();
                    button_SPort.Text = "Close";
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Uable to open this serial port!
");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                button_SPort.Text = "Open";
                serialPort.Close();
            }
        }

        private void trackBar_VOUT1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //  在图形界面编辑时，双击trackBar类控件，该函数由VS自动生成
            //  拖动trackBar_VOUT1控件实现的逻辑
            /*  一些代码逻辑，就不详细贴了。
                ...
                setSerialVOUT(_Channel_1, _LV0);
                ...
            */
        }

        private void trackBar_VOUT2_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //  在图形界面编辑时，双击trackBar类控件，该函数由VS自动生成
            //  拖动trackBar_VOUT2控件实现的逻辑    
            /*  一些代码逻辑，就不详细贴了。
                ...
                setSerialVOUT(_Channel_2, _LV0);
                ...
            */
        }

        private void setPort()  // 初始化串口
        {
            try
            {
                serialPort.PortName = (String)(comboBox_SPort.SelectedItem);
                serialPort.BaudRate = 115200;
                serialPort.DataBits = 8;
                serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
            }
        }

        private void setSerialVOUT(byte channel, byte level)
        {
            byte[] buf = new byte[3];   // C#创建数组的方法
            buf[0] = channel;
            buf[1] = level;
            buf[2] = (byte)'0';

            if (serialPort != null && serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                serialPort.Write(buf,0,3);  // 向串口写入数据
            }
        }
    }
}

文件"Form1.Designer.cs"里包含的函数"InitializeComponent();"
namespace TB528E4PSE_APP
{
    partial class VOUTCTRL
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager resources = 
　　　　　　　　　　new System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(typeof(VOUTCTRL));
            this.trackBar_VOUT2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar();
            this.trackBar_VOUT1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar();
            this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.textBox_VOUT1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.groupBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.textBox_VOUT2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.comboBox_SPort = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.button_SPort = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)
　　　　　　　　(this.trackBar_VOUT2)).BeginInit();
            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)
　　　　　　　　(this.trackBar_VOUT1)).BeginInit();
            this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();
            this.groupBox2.SuspendLayout();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // trackBar_VOUT2
            // 
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.LargeChange = 1;
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 60);
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.Maximum = 11;
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.Name = "trackBar_VOUT2";
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(400, 56);
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.TabIndex = 0;
            this.trackBar_VOUT2.Scroll += new 
　　　　　　　　　　System.EventHandler(this.trackBar_VOUT2_Scroll);
            // 
            // trackBar_VOUT1
            // 
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.LargeChange = 1;
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 60);
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.Maximum = 11;
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.Name = "trackBar_VOUT1";
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(400, 56);
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.TabIndex = 1;
            this.trackBar_VOUT1.Scroll += new 
　　　　　　　　　　System.EventHandler(this.trackBar_VOUT1_Scroll);
            // 
            // groupBox1
            // 
            this.groupBox1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)
　　　　　　　　　　((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | 
　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label1);
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.textBox_VOUT1);
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.trackBar_VOUT1);
            this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 81);
            this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";
            this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(400, 116);
            this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 2;
            this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox1.Text = "VOUT1";
            // 
            // label1
            // 
            this.label1.AutoSize = true;
            this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(23, 31);
            this.label1.Name = "label1";
            this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 15);
            this.label1.TabIndex = 3;
            this.label1.Text = "LEVEL";
            // 
            // textBox_VOUT1
            // 
            this.textBox_VOUT1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(142, 28);
            this.textBox_VOUT1.Name = "textBox_VOUT1";
            this.textBox_VOUT1.ReadOnly = true;
            this.textBox_VOUT1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
            this.textBox_VOUT1.TabIndex = 2;
            this.textBox_VOUT1.Text = "LV 0";
            // 
            // groupBox2
            // 
            this.groupBox2.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)
　　　　　　　　　　((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | 
　　　　　　　　　　　　System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.label2);
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.textBox_VOUT2);
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.trackBar_VOUT2);
            this.groupBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 215);
            this.groupBox2.Name = "groupBox2";
            this.groupBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(400, 116);
            this.groupBox2.TabIndex = 3;
            this.groupBox2.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox2.Text = "VOUT2";
            // 
            // label2
            // 
            this.label2.AutoSize = true;
            this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(23, 32);
            this.label2.Name = "label2";
            this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 15);
            this.label2.TabIndex = 5;
            this.label2.Text = "LEVEL";
            // 
            // textBox_VOUT2
            // 
            this.textBox_VOUT2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(142, 29);
            this.textBox_VOUT2.Name = "textBox_VOUT2";
            this.textBox_VOUT2.ReadOnly = true;
            this.textBox_VOUT2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
            this.textBox_VOUT2.TabIndex = 4;
            this.textBox_VOUT2.Text = "LV 0";
            // 
            // comboBox_SPort
            // 
            this.comboBox_SPort.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboBox_SPort.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(169, 34);
            this.comboBox_SPort.Name = "comboBox_SPort";
            this.comboBox_SPort.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 23);
            this.comboBox_SPort.TabIndex = 4;
            // 
            // label3
            // 
            this.label3.AutoSize = true;
            this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 37);
            this.label3.Name = "label3";
            this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(87, 15);
            this.label3.TabIndex = 5;
            this.label3.Text = "SerialPort";
            // 
            // button_SPort
            // 
            this.button_SPort.Location = new 
　　　　　　　　　　System.Drawing.Point(329, 33);
            this.button_SPort.Name = "button_SPort";
            this.button_SPort.Size = new 
　　　　　　　　　　System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
            this.button_SPort.TabIndex = 6;
            this.button_SPort.Text = "Open";
            this.button_SPort.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.button_SPort.Click += new 
　　　　　　　　　　System.EventHandler(this.button_SPort_Click);
            // 
            // VOUTCTRL
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(8F, 15F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(449, 384);
            this.Controls.Add(this.button_SPort);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox_SPort);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox2);
            this.Icon = ((System.Drawing.Icon)(resources.GetObject("$this.Icon")));
            this.Name = "VOUTCTRL";
            this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
            this.Text = "TB528E4PSE";
            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.trackBar_VOUT2)).EndInit();
            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.trackBar_VOUT1)).EndInit();
            this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox1.PerformLayout();
            this.groupBox2.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox2.PerformLayout();
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.PerformLayout();

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar trackBar_VOUT2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar trackBar_VOUT1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox_VOUT1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox_VOUT2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox_SPort;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button button_SPort;

    }
}

　　至此，代码跟踪至此。

　　2、更改窗体在屏幕首次出现的位置

　　　　即当APP运行时，窗体会在电脑屏幕的哪个位置弹出。点击窗体->属性，

　　　　找到“startposition”，如下图：

　　　　

　　　　注意以上图片包含的信息：Text选项，此处则可以表明窗体显示的信息。

　　3，更改窗体显示的图标。

　　　　即当APP运行时，窗体在Text旁边的图片，点击窗体->属性，

　　　　找到“Icon”，如下图：

　　　　

　　4、如何发布程序：

　　　　点击项目栏“生成”，点击“发布”选项即可发布程序了，如下图：

　　　　

　　　　生成的文件如下图：

　　　　　

　　　　点击后缀名为".application"即可实现安装。

　　　5、发布安装后，程序在桌面显示的图标，以及支持的".NET frameworkXX.XX"设置。

　　　　在项目右击，选择属性，会跳出窗体"项目名.csproj"文件，

　　　　里面可进行相应设置，如下图：

　　　　

三、参考链接

　　Tony被参考的源代码github地址：

　　https://github.com/TonySudo/SerialPortW　　　　

　　至此，记录完毕

记录时间：2016-8-26

记录地点：深圳WZ