（C#）原型模式—深复制与浅复制

1.原型模式

　　用原型实例指定创建对象的实例，并且通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象。

*原型模式隐藏了创建对象的细节，提高了性能。

*浅复制：被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来对象相同的值，而且所有对其他对象的引用都指向了原来的对象。

*深复制:被复制对象的引用指向了新的对象，而不是原有的被引用的对象。

*.NET提供IConeable接口下的唯一方法Clone可以便捷的完成原型模式的实现。

---

2.实例：

namespace 原型模式_浅复制
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Resume a = new Resume("大鸟");
            a.SetPersonalInfo("男", "23");
            a.SetWorkExperience("2012", "xx公司");

            Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone();
            b.SetWorkExperience("男", "yy公司");

            a.Display();
            b.Display();//浅复制下使得引用的复制指向相同空间，a的工作经验被b覆盖

            Console.Read();
        }
    }
    


    class WorkExperience
    {
        private string workDate;
        public string WorkData 
        {
            get { return workDate; } 
            set { workDate = value; } 
        }

        private string company;
        public string Company 
        { 
            get { return company; } 
            set { company = value; } 
        }
    }

    class Resume : ICloneable
    {
        private string name;
        private string sex;
        private string age;

        private WorkExperience work;

        public Resume(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
            work = new WorkExperience();
        }

        public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex,string age)
        {
            this.sex = sex;
            this.age = age;
        }

        public void SetWorkExperience(string workData,string Company)
        {
            work.WorkData = workData;
            work.Company = Company;
        }

        public void Display()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
            Console.WriteLine("浅复制：{0} {1}", work.WorkData, work.Company);
        }

        public object Clone()
        {
            return (object)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }
}

此时的输出结果a,b所有细节一致。

namespace 原型模式_深复制
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Resume a = new Resume("大鸟");
            a.SetPersonalInfo("男", "23");
            a.SetWorkExperience("2012", "xx公司");

            Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone();
            b.SetWorkExperience("男", "yy公司");

            a.Display();
            b.Display();//浅复制下使得引用的复制指向相同空间，a的工作经验被b覆盖

            Console.Read();
        }
    }

    class WorkExperience : ICloneable
    {
        private string workDate;
        public string WorkData
        {
            get { return workDate; }
            set { workDate = value; }
        }

        private string company;
        public string Company
        {
            get { return company; }
            set { company = value; }
        }

        public Object Clone()
        {
            return (object) this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

    class Resume : ICloneable
    {
        private string name;
        private string sex;
        private string age;

        private WorkExperience work;

        public Resume(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
            work = new WorkExperience();
        }

        public Resume (WorkExperience work)
        {
            this.work = (WorkExperience)work.Clone();
        }

        public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex, string age)
        {
            this.sex = sex;
            this.age = age;
        }

        public void SetWorkExperience(string workData, string Company)
        {
            work.WorkData = workData;
            work.Company = Company;
        }

        public void Display()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
            Console.WriteLine("深复制：{0} {1}", work.WorkData, work.Company);
        }

        public object Clone()
        {
            Resume obj = new Resume(this.work);
            obj.name = this.name;
            obj.sex = this.sex;
            obj.age = this.age;

            return obj;
        }
    }
}

b中修改工作经验中的属性后a中不受影响。