splay
普通平衡树
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int read(void) {
int x = 0; bool f = 0;
char c = getchar();
for (;!isdigit(c);c=getchar()) if (c=='-') f=1;
for (;isdigit(c);c=getchar()) x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(c^48);
if (f) return -x;
return x;
}
const int N = 100005;
const int INF = 0x7fffffff;
int v[N], f[N], son[N][2];
int cnt[N], siz[N], tot;
int val[N], n, sz, root;
inline void update(int x) {
siz[x] = siz[son[x][0]] + siz[son[x][1]] + cnt[x];
}
inline void rotate(int x) {
int y = f[x], z = f[y];;
int k = son[f[x]][1] == x, w = son[x][k^1];
son[y][k] = w, f[w] = y;
son[z][son[z][1] == y] = x, f[x] = z;
son[x][k^1] = y, f[y] = x;
update(y), update(x);
}
inline void splay(int x,int t) {
while (f[x] != t) {
int y = f[x], z = f[y];
if (z != t) {
if ((son[y][1] == x) ^ (son[z][1] == y))
rotate(x);
else rotate(y);
}
rotate(x);
}
if (t == 0) root = x;
}
inline void insert(int x) {
int p = root, pre = 0;
while (p && val[p] != x)
pre = p, p = son[p][val[p] < x];
if (p) cnt[p]++;
else {
p = ++sz; cnt[p] = siz[p] = 1;
if (pre) son[pre][val[pre] < x] = p;
son[p][0] = son[p][1] = 0;
f[p] = pre, val[p] = x;
}
splay(p, 0);
}
inline void find(int x) {
int p = root;
while (son[p][val[p] < x] && val[p] != x)
p = son[p][val[p] < x];
splay(p, 0);
}
inline int get_rk(int x) {
find(x);
return siz[son[root][0]];
}
inline int kth(int x) {
int p = root; x++;
while (true) {
if (son[p][0] && x <= siz[son[p][0]]) p = son[p][0];
else if (x > siz[son[p][0]] + cnt[p])
x -= siz[son[p][0]] + cnt[p], p = son[p][1];
else return val[p];
}
}
inline int get_pre(int x) {
find(x);
if (val[root] < x) return root;
int p = son[root][0];
while (son[p][1]) p = son[p][1];
return p;
}
inline int get_nxt(int x) {
find(x);
if (val[root] > x) return root;
int p = son[root][1];
while (son[p][0]) p = son[p][0];
return p;
}
inline void del(int x) {
int pre = get_pre(x), nxt = get_nxt(x);
splay(pre, 0), splay(nxt, root);
int p = son[nxt][0];
if (cnt[p] > 1) cnt[p]--, splay(p, 0);
else son[nxt][0] = 0, update(nxt), update(root);
}
int main() {
int opt, x; n = read();
insert(INF), insert(-INF);
for (int i = 1;i <= n; i++) {
opt = read(), x = read();
if (opt == 1) insert(x);
else if (opt == 2) del(x);
else if (opt == 3) printf ("%d
", get_rk(x));
else if (opt == 4) printf ("%d
", kth(x));
else if (opt == 5) printf ("%d
", val[get_pre(x)]);
else printf ("%d
", val[get_nxt(x)]);
}
return 0;
}
文艺平衡树
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
const int N = 200050;
const int INF = 0x7fffffff;
int read(void) {
int x = 0; bool f = 0;
char c = getchar();
for (;!isdigit(c);c=getchar()) if (c=='-') f=1;
for (;isdigit(c);c=getchar()) x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(c^48);
return f ? -x : x;
}
int val[N], son[N][2];
int tag[N], f[N], n, sz;
int siz[N], rt;
void update(int x) {
siz[x] = siz[son[x][1]] + siz[son[x][0]] + 1;
}
void spread(int x) {
if (!tag[x]) return;
swap(son[x][0], son[x][1]);
if (son[x][0]) tag[son[x][0]] ^= 1;
if (son[x][1]) tag[son[x][1]] ^= 1;
tag[x] = 0;
}
int kth(int k) {
int x = rt;
while (true) {
spread(x);
if (siz[son[x][0]] >= k) x = son[x][0];
else if (siz[son[x][0]] + 1 == k) return x;
else k -= siz[son[x][0]] + 1, x = son[x][1];
}
}
void rotate(int x) {
int y = f[x], z = f[y];
int k = son[y][1] == x, w = son[x][k^1];
son[y][k] = w, f[w] = y;
f[y] = x, son[x][k^1] = y;
son[z][son[z][1]==y] = x, f[x] = z;
update(y), update(x);
}
void splay(int x,int t) {
while (f[x] != t) {
int y = f[x], z = f[y];
if (z != t) {
if ((son[z][1]==y)^(son[y][1]==x))
rotate(x);
else rotate(y);
}
rotate(x);
}
if (t == 0) rt = x;
}
void insert(int x) {
int p = rt, pre = 0;
while (p)
pre = p, p = son[p][val[p] < x];
p = ++sz;
if (pre) son[pre][val[pre]<x] = p;
siz[p] = 1, son[p][0] = son[p][1] = 0;
f[p] = pre, val[p] = x;
splay(p, 0);
}
void rec(int x) {
spread(x);
if (son[x][0]) rec(son[x][0]);
if (val[x] > 1 && val[x] < n + 2)
printf ("%d ", val[x]-1);
if (son[x][1]) rec(son[x][1]);
}
inline void work(int l,int r) {
l = kth(l), r = kth(r+2);
splay(l, 0); splay(r, rt);
tag[son[son[rt][1]][0]] ^= 1;
}
int m, l, r;
int main() {
n = read(), m = read();
for (int i = 1;i <= n + 2; i++)
insert(i);
while (m--) {
l = read(), r = read();
work(l, r);
}
rec(rt);
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
fhq板子(代码正确且风格易懂）
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<ctime>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
const int N = 105000;
int val[N], son[N][2];
int rnd[N], tot, n;
int siz[N], root, a, p, x, y, z;
inline void update(int x) {
siz[x] = siz[son[x][1]] + siz[son[x][0]] + 1;
}
inline int build(int x) {
siz[++tot] = 1, rnd[tot] = rand();
val[tot] = x; return tot;
}
int merge(int x,int y) {
if (!x || !y) return x + y;
if (rnd[x] < rnd[y]) {
son[x][1] = merge(son[x][1], y);
update(x); return x;
}
son[y][0] = merge(x, son[y][0]);
update(y); return y;
}
void split(int now,int k,int &x,int &y) {
if (!now) x = y = 0;
else {
if (val[now] <= k) x = now, split(son[x][1], k, son[x][1], y);
else y = now, split(son[y][0], k, x, son[y][0]);
update(now);
}
}
inline int kth(int now, int k) {
while (1) {
if (k <= siz[son[now][0]]) now = son[now][0];
else if (k == siz[son[now][0]] + 1) return now;
else k -= siz[son[now][0]] + 1, now = son[now][1];
}
}
template <typename T>
void read(T &x) {
x = 0; int f = 1;char c = getchar();
while (!isdigit(c)) { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
while (isdigit(c)) { x = (x << 3)+(x << 1) + c-'0'; c = getchar();}
x *= f;
}
int main() {
srand(time(0));
read(n);
for (int i = 1;i <= n; i++) {
read(p), read(a);
if (p == 1) {
split(root, a, x, y);
root = merge(merge(x, build(a)), y);
}
else if (p == 2) {
split(root, a, x, y);
split(x, a-1, x, z);
z = merge(son[z][0], son[z][1]);
root = merge(merge(x, z), y);
}
else if (p == 3) {
split(root, a-1, x, y);
printf ("%d
", siz[x] + 1);
root = merge(x, y);
}
else if (p == 4) printf ("%d
", val[kth(root, a)]);
else if (p == 5) {
split(root, a-1, x, y);
printf ("%d
", val[kth(x, siz[x])]);
root = merge(x, y);
}
else {
split(root, a, x, y);
printf ("%d
", val[kth(y, 1)]);
root = merge(x, y);
}
}
return 0;
}
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
const int N = 100050;
int rnd[N], siz[N];
int cnt, n, l, r;
int tag[N], son[N][2];
int val[N], root, x, y, z;
inline int build(int x) {
siz[++cnt] = 1, val[cnt] = x;
rnd[cnt] = rand(); return cnt;
}
inline void update(int x) {
siz[x] = siz[son[x][1]] + siz[son[x][0]] + 1;
}
void spread(int x) {
if (tag[x]) {
swap(son[x][0], son[x][1]);
if (son[x][0]) tag[son[x][0]] ^= 1;
if (son[x][1]) tag[son[x][1]] ^= 1;
tag[x] = 0;
}
}
void split(int now,int k,int &x,int &y) {
if (!now) x = y = 0;
else {
spread(now);
if (siz[son[now][0]] < k) x = now, split(son[x][1], k - siz[son[now][0]] - 1, son[x][1], y);
else y = now, split(son[y][0], k, x, son[y][0]);
update(now);
}
}
int merge(int x,int y) {
if(!x || !y) return x + y;
if (rnd[x] < rnd[y]) {
spread(x);
son[x][1] = merge(son[x][1], y);
update(x); return x;
}
spread(y);
son[y][0] = merge(x, son[y][0]);
update(y); return y;
}
template <typename T>
void read(T &x) {
x = 0; int f = 1;char c = getchar();
while (!isdigit(c)) { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
while (isdigit(c)) { x = (x << 3)+(x << 1) + c-'0'; c = getchar();}
x *= f;
}
int m;
void res(int x) {
if (!x) return;
spread(x);
res(son[x][0]);
printf ("%d ", val[x]);
res(son[x][1]);
}
int main() {
read(n), read(m);
for (int i = 1;i <= n; i++) root = merge(root, build(i));
while (m--) {
read(l), read(r);
split(root, l - 1, x, y);
split(y, r - l+ 1, y, z);
tag[y] ^= 1;
root = merge(merge(x, y), z);
}
res(root);
return 0;
}
可持久化平衡树
p3835
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<ctime>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
const int N = 500500 * 50;
const int INF = 2147483647;
int T[N], val[N], rnd[N];
int siz[N], son[N][2];
int cnt;
template <typename T>
void read(T &x) {
x = 0; int f = 1;char c = getchar();
while (!isdigit(c)) { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
while (isdigit(c)) { x = (x << 3)+(x << 1) + c-'0'; c = getchar();}
x *= f;
}
inline void update(int x) {
siz[x] = siz[son[x][0]] + siz[son[x][1]] + 1;
}
inline void cpy(int x,int y) {
siz[x] = siz[y], son[x][1] = son[y][1];
son[x][0] = son[y][0];
val[x] = val[y], rnd[x] = rnd[y];
}
inline int build(int x) {
val[++cnt] = x, siz[cnt] = 1;
rnd[cnt] = rand(); return cnt;
}
void split(int now,int k,int &x,int &y) {
if (!now) x = y = 0;
else {
if (val[now] <= k) {
x = ++cnt, cpy(x, now), split(son[x][1], k, son[x][1], y);
update(x);
}
else {
y = ++cnt, cpy(y, now), split(son[y][0], k, x, son[y][0]);
update(y);
}
}
}
int merge(int x,int y) {
if (!x || !y) return x + y;
if (rnd[x] < rnd[y]) {
int p = ++cnt; cpy(p, x);
son[p][1] = merge(son[p][1], y);
update(p); return p;
}
int p = ++cnt; cpy(p, y);
son[p][0] = merge(x, son[p][0]);
update(p); return p;
}
int kth(int now,int x) {
while (1) {
if (siz[son[now][0]] >= x) now = son[now][0];
else if (siz[son[now][0]] + 1 == x) return now;
else x -= siz[son[now][0]] + 1, now = son[now][1];
}
}
int n, x, y, z;
int op, P, a;
int main() {
srand(20040202);
read(n);
for (int i = 1;i <= n; i++) {
read(P), read(op), read(a);
T[i] = T[P];
if (op == 1) {
split(T[i], a, x, y);
T[i] = merge(merge(x, build(a)), y);
}
else if (op == 2) {
split(T[i], a, x, z);
split(x, a-1, x, y);
y = merge(son[y][0], son[y][1]);
T[i] = merge(merge(x, y), z);
}
else if (op == 3) {
split(T[i], a-1, x, y);
printf ("%d
", siz[x] + 1);
T[i] = merge(x, y);
}
else if (op == 4) printf ("%d
", val[kth(T[i], a)]);
else if (op == 5) {
split(T[i], a-1, x, y);
if (siz[x] == 0) printf ("%d
", -INF);
else printf ("%d
", val[kth(x, siz[x])]);
T[i] = merge(x, y);
}
else if (op == 6) {
split(T[i], a, x, y);
if (siz[y] == 0) printf ("%d
", INF);
else printf ("%d
", val[kth(y, 1)]);
T[i] = merge(x, y);
}
}
return 0;
}