0x00 概述
测试搭建一个使用kafka作为消息队列的ELK环境，数据采集转换实现结构如下：
F5 HSL–>logstash(流处理）–> kafka –>elasticsearch
测试中的elk版本为6.3， confluent版本是4.1.1
希望实现的效果是 HSL发送的日志胫骨logstash进行流处理后输出为json，该json类容原样直接保存到kafka中，kafka不再做其它方面的格式处理。
0x01 测试
192.168.214.138： 安装 logstash，confluent环境
192.168.214.137： 安装ELK套件（停用logstash，只启动es和kibana）
confluent安装调试备忘：
- 像安装elk环境一样，安装java环境先
- 首先在不考虑kafka的情形下，实现F5 HSL—Logstash–ES的正常运行，并实现简单的正常kibana的展现。后面改用kafka时候直接将这里output修改为kafka plugin配置即可。
此时logstash的相关配置
input {
udp {
port => 8514
type => 'f5-dns'
}
}
filter {
if [type] == 'f5-dns' {
grok {
match => { "message" => "%{HOSTNAME:F5hostname} %{IP:clientip} %{POSINT:clientport} %{IP:svrip} %{NUMBER:qid} %{HOSTNAME:qname} %{GREEDYDA
TA:qtype} %{GREEDYDATA:status} %{GREEDYDATA:origin}" }
}
geoip {
source => "clientip"
target => "geoip"
}
}
}
output {
#stdout{ codec => rubydebug }
#elasticsearch {
# hosts => ["192.168.214.137:9200"]
# index => "f5-dns-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
#template_name => "f5-dns"
#}
kafka {
codec => json
bootstrap_servers => "localhost:9092"
topic_id => "f5-dns-kafka"
}
}
发一些测试流量，确认es正常收到数据，查看cerebro上显示的状态。（截图是调试完毕后截图）
# cd /usr/share/cerebro/cerebro-0.8.1/ # /bin/cerebro -Dhttp.port=9110 -Dhttp.address=0.0.0.0
安装confluent，由于是测试环境，直接confluent官方网站下载压缩包，解压后使用。位置在/root/confluent-4.1.1/下
由于是测试环境，直接用confluent的命令行来启动所有相关服务，发现kakfa启动失败
[root@kafka-logstash bin]# ./confluent start Using CONFLUENT_CURRENT: /tmp/confluent.dA0KYIWj Starting zookeeper zookeeper is [UP] Starting kafka /Kafka failed to start kafka is [DOWN] Cannot start Schema Registry, Kafka Server is not running. Check your deployment
检查发现由于虚机内存给太少了，导致java无法分配足够内存给kafka
[root@kafka-logstash bin]# ./kafka-server-start ../etc/kafka/server.properties OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x00000000c0000000, 1073741824, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)
扩大虚拟机内存，并将logstash的jvm配置中设置的内存调小
kafka server配置文件
[root@kafka-logstash kafka]# pwd /root/confluent-4.1.1/etc/kafka [root@kafka-logstash kafka]# egrep -v "^#|^$" server.properties broker.id=0 listeners=PLAINTEXT://localhost:9092 num.network.threads=3 num.io.threads=8 socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.request.max.bytes=104857600 log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs num.partitions=1 num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1 offsets.topic.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.min.isr=1 log.retention.hours=168 log.segment.bytes=1073741824 log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000 zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181 zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000 confluent.support.metrics.enable=true confluent.support.customer.id=anonymous group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0
connect 配置文件，此配置中，将原来的avro converter替换成了json，同时关闭了key vlaue的schema识别。因为我们输入的内容是直接的json类容，没有相关schema，这里只是希望kafka原样解析logstash输出的json内容到es
[root@kafka-logstash kafka]# pwd /root/confluent-4.1.1/etc/kafka [root@kafka-logstash kafka]# egrep -v "^#|^$" connect-standalone.properties bootstrap.servers=localhost:9092 key.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter value.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter key.converter.schemas.enable=false value.converter.schemas.enable=false internal.key.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter internal.value.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter internal.key.converter.schemas.enable=false internal.value.converter.schemas.enable=false offset.storage.file.filename=/tmp/connect.offsets offset.flush.interval.ms=10000 plugin.path=share/java
如果不做上述修改，connect总会在将日志sink到ES时提示无法反序列化，magic byte错误等。如果使用confluent status命令查看，会发现connect会从up变为down
[root@kafka-logstash confluent-4.1.1]# ./bin/confluent status ksql-server is [DOWN] connect is [DOWN] kafka-rest is [UP] schema-registry is [UP] kafka is [UP] zookeeper is [UP]
schema-registry 相关配置
[root@kafka-logstash schema-registry]# pwd /root/confluent-4.1.1/etc/schema-registry [root@kafka-logstash schema-registry]# egrep -v "^#|^$" connect-avro-distributed.properties connect-avro-standalone.properties log4j.properties schema-registry.properties [root@kafka-logstash schema-registry]# egrep -v "^#|^$" connect-avro-standalone.properties bootstrap.servers=localhost:9092 key.converter.schema.registry.url=http://localhost:8081 value.converter.schema.registry.url=http://localhost:8081 key.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter value.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter key.converter.schemas.enable=false value.converter.schemas.enable=false internal.key.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter internal.value.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter internal.key.converter.schemas.enable=false internal.value.converter.schemas.enable=false offset.storage.file.filename=/tmp/connect.offsets plugin.path=share/java [root@kafka-logstash schema-registry]# egrep -v "^#|^$" schema-registry.properties listeners=http://0.0.0.0:8081 kafkastore.connection.url=localhost:2181 kafkastore.topic=_schemas debug=false
es-connector的配置文件
[root@kafka-logstash kafka-connect-elasticsearch]# pwd
/root/confluent-4.1.1/etc/kafka-connect-elasticsearch
[root@kafka-logstash kafka-connect-elasticsearch]# egrep -v "^#|^$" quickstart-elasticsearch.properties
name=f5-dns
connector.class=io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkConnector
tasks.max=1
topics=f5-dns-kafka
key.ignore=true
value.ignore=true
schema.ignore=true
connection.url=http://192.168.214.137:9200
type.name=doc
transforms=MyRouter
transforms.MyRouter.type=org.apache.kafka.connect.transforms.TimestampRouter
transforms.MyRouter.topic.format=${topic}-${timestamp}
transforms.MyRouter.timestamp.format=yyyyMMdd
上述配置中topics配置是希望传输到ES的topic，通过设置transform的timestamp router来实现将topic按天动态映射为ES中的index，这样可以让ES每天产生一个index。注意需要配置schema.ignore=true,否则kafka无法将受收到的数据发送到ES上，connect的 connect.stdout 日志会显示：
[root@kafka-logstash connect]# pwd /tmp/confluent.dA0KYIWj/connect Caused by: org.apache.kafka.connect.errors.DataException: Cannot infer mapping without schema. at io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.Mapping.inferMapping(Mapping.java:84) at io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.jest.JestElasticsearchClient.createMapping(JestElasticsearchClient.java:221) at io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.Mapping.createMapping(Mapping.java:66) at io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchWriter.write(ElasticsearchWriter.java:260) at io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkTask.put(ElasticsearchSinkTask.java:162) at org.apache.kafka.connect.runtime.WorkerSinkTask.deliverMessages(WorkerSinkTask.java:524)
配置修正完毕后，向logstash发送数据，发现日志已经可以正常发送到了ES上，且格式和没有kafka时是一致的。
没有kafka时：
{
"_index": "f5-dns-2018.06.26",
"_type": "doc",
"_id": "KrddO2QBXB-i0ay0g5G9",
"_version": 1,
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"message": "localhost.lan 202.202.102.100 53777 172.16.199.136 42487 www.test.com A NOERROR GTM_REWRITE ",
"F5hostname": "localhost.lan",
"qid": "42487",
"clientip": "202.202.102.100",
"geoip": {
"region_name": "Chongqing",
"location": {
"lon": 106.5528,
"lat": 29.5628
},
"country_code2": "CN",
"timezone": "Asia/Shanghai",
"country_name": "China",
"region_code": "50",
"continent_code": "AS",
"city_name": "Chongqing",
"country_code3": "CN",
"ip": "202.202.102.100",
"latitude": 29.5628,
"longitude": 106.5528
},
"status": "NOERROR",
"qname": "www.test.com",
"clientport": "53777",
"@version": "1",
"@timestamp": "2018-06-26T09:12:21.585Z",
"host": "192.168.214.1",
"type": "f5-dns",
"qtype": "A",
"origin": "GTM_REWRITE ",
"svrip": "172.16.199.136"
}
}
有kafka时：
{
"_index": "f5-dns-kafka-20180628",
"_type": "doc",
"_id": "f5-dns-kafka-20180628+0+23",
"_version": 1,
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"F5hostname": "localhost.lan",
"geoip": {
"city_name": "Chongqing",
"timezone": "Asia/Shanghai",
"ip": "202.202.100.100",
"latitude": 29.5628,
"country_name": "China",
"country_code2": "CN",
"continent_code": "AS",
"country_code3": "CN",
"region_name": "Chongqing",
"location": {
"lon": 106.5528,
"lat": 29.5628
},
"region_code": "50",
"longitude": 106.5528
},
"qtype": "A",
"origin": "DNSX ",
"type": "f5-dns",
"message": "localhost.lan 202.202.100.100 53777 172.16.199.136 42487 www.myf5.net A NOERROR DNSX ",
"qid": "42487",
"clientport": "53777",
"@timestamp": "2018-06-28T09:05:20.594Z",
"clientip": "202.202.100.100",
"qname": "www.myf5.net",
"host": "192.168.214.1",
"@version": "1",
"svrip": "172.16.199.136",
"status": "NOERROR"
}
}
相关REST API输出
http://192.168.214.138:8083/connectors/elasticsearch-sink/tasks
[
{
"id": {
"connector": "elasticsearch-sink",
"task": 0
},
"config": {
"connector.class": "io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkConnector",
"type.name": "doc",
"value.ignore": "true",
"tasks.max": "1",
"topics": "f5-dns-kafka",
"transforms.MyRouter.topic.format": "${topic}-${timestamp}",
"transforms": "MyRouter",
"key.ignore": "true",
"schema.ignore": "true",
"transforms.MyRouter.timestamp.format": "yyyyMMdd",
"task.class": "io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkTask",
"name": "elasticsearch-sink",
"connection.url": "http://192.168.214.137:9200",
"transforms.MyRouter.type": "org.apache.kafka.connect.transforms.TimestampRouter"
}
}
]
http://192.168.214.138:8083/connectors/elasticsearch-sink/
{
"name": "elasticsearch-sink",
"config": {
"connector.class": "io.confluent.connect.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkConnector",
"type.name": "doc",
"value.ignore": "true",
"tasks.max": "1",
"topics": "f5-dns-kafka",
"transforms.MyRouter.topic.format": "${topic}-${timestamp}",
"transforms": "MyRouter",
"key.ignore": "true",
"schema.ignore": "true",
"transforms.MyRouter.timestamp.format": "yyyyMMdd",
"name": "elasticsearch-sink",
"connection.url": "http://192.168.214.137:9200",
"transforms.MyRouter.type": "org.apache.kafka.connect.transforms.TimestampRouter"
},
"tasks": [
{
"connector": "elasticsearch-sink",
"task": 0
}
],
"type": "sink"
}
http://192.168.214.138:8083/connectors/elasticsearch-sink/status
{
"name": "elasticsearch-sink",
"connector": {
"state": "RUNNING",
"worker_id": "172.16.150.179:8083"
},
"tasks": [
{
"state": "RUNNING",
"id": 0,
"worker_id": "172.16.150.179:8083"
}
],
"type": "sink"
}
http://192.168.214.138:8082/brokers
{
"brokers": [
0
]
}
http://192.168.214.138:8082/topics
[
"__confluent.support.metrics",
"_confluent-ksql-default__command_topic",
"_schemas",
"connect-configs",
"connect-offsets",
"connect-statuses",
"f5-dns-2018.06",
"f5-dns-2018.06.27",
"f5-dns-kafka",
"test-elasticsearch-sink"
]
http://192.168.214.138:8082/topics/f5-dns-kafka
{
"name": "f5-dns-kafka",
"configs": {
"file.delete.delay.ms": "60000",
"segment.ms": "604800000",
"min.compaction.lag.ms": "0",
"retention.bytes": "-1",
"segment.index.bytes": "10485760",
"cleanup.policy": "delete",
"follower.replication.throttled.replicas": "",
"message.timestamp.difference.max.ms": "9223372036854775807",
"segment.jitter.ms": "0",
"preallocate": "false",
"segment.bytes": "1073741824",
"message.timestamp.type": "CreateTime",
"message.format.version": "1.1-IV0",
"max.message.bytes": "1000012",
"unclean.leader.election.enable": "false",
"retention.ms": "604800000",
"flush.ms": "9223372036854775807",
"delete.retention.ms": "86400000",
"leader.replication.throttled.replicas": "",
"min.insync.replicas": "1",
"flush.messages": "9223372036854775807",
"compression.type": "producer",
"min.cleanable.dirty.ratio": "0.5",
"index.interval.bytes": "4096"
},
"partitions": [
{
"partition": 0,
"leader": 0,
"replicas": [
{
"broker": 0,
"leader": true,
"in_sync": true
}
]
}
]
}
测试中kafka的配置基本都为确实配置，没有考虑任何的内存优化，kafka使用磁盘的大小考虑等
测试参考：
https://docs.confluent.io/current/installation/installing_cp.html
https://docs.confluent.io/current/connect/connect-elasticsearch/docs/elasticsearch_connector.html
https://docs.confluent.io/current/connect/connect-elasticsearch/docs/configuration_options.html
存储机制参考 https://blog.csdn.net/opensure/article/details/46048589
kafka配置参数参考 https://blog.csdn.net/lizhitao/article/details/25667831
更多kafka原理 https://blog.csdn.net/ychenfeng/article/details/74980531
confluent CLI：
confluent: A command line interface to manage Confluent services
Usage: confluent <command> [<subcommand>] [<parameters>]
These are the available commands:
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log Read or tail the log of a service.
start Start all services or a specific service along with its dependencies
status Get the status of all services or the status of a specific service along with its dependencies.
stop Stop all services or a specific service along with the services depending on it.
top Track resource usage of a service.
unload Unload a connector.
'confluent help' lists available commands. See 'confluent help <command>' to read about a
specific command.
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