分享懒人张RDLC报表（五、六）

来自蜡人张：RDLC报表（五）

        随着Visual Studio 2005中文版的推出，Microsoft汉化了MSDN的大部分内容，开发者再也不用啃英文了，本来想介绍一下LocalReport的Render方法，现在您可以到http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms252207(VS.80).aspx获 得关于这部分的详细信息。之所以以前想介绍这个方法，是因为我将想大家介绍一种在Crystal Report中无法实现的自定义票据打印纸张的方法。Anyway，现在我直接向大家介绍这种方法，可能这种方法并不是很好的，但是确实是我经过一段时间 的摸索总结出来的。萝卜（http://luobos.cnblogs.com）曾经提到过的变通的方法不知道是不是我要介绍的这一种，欢迎和我进行交流！

        要想使用RDLC报表并进行页面设置，我们先来看一下LocalReport是否有类似PageSettings的类、属性、方法或事件等，我仔细找了一 下，发现Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.ReportPageSettings类具有PaperSize属性和Margin 属性，但可惜的是它们都是只读的，对我们来说没有意义；另外，LocalReport具有GetDefaultPageSettings()方法，这也只 能是获取当前报表的页面设置。没办法，只能采用变通的方法了。在.NET中如果想使用自定义纸张，最好的方法莫过于使用 System.Drawing.Printing.PrintDocument类了，还记得我在前面提到的一个GotReportViewer的例子吗？

        private int m_currentPageIndex;
        private IList<Stream> m_streams;

        private Stream CreateStream(string name, string fileNameExtension, Encoding encoding, string mimeType, bool willSeek)
        {
            Stream stream = new FileStream(name + "." + fileNameExtension, FileMode.Create);
            m_streams.Add(stream);
            return stream;
        }

        private void Export(LocalReport report)
        {
            string deviceInfo =
              "<DeviceInfo>" +
              "  <OutputFormat>EMF</OutputFormat>" +
              "  <PageWidth>8.5in</PageWidth>" +
              "  <PageHeight>11in</PageHeight>" +
              "  <MarginTop>0.25in</MarginTop>" +
              "  <MarginLeft>0.25in</MarginLeft>" +
              "  <MarginRight>0.25in</MarginRight>" +
              "  <MarginBottom>0.25in</MarginBottom>" +
              "</DeviceInfo>";
            Warning[] warnings;
            m_streams = new List<Stream>();
            report.Render("Image", deviceInfo, CreateStream, out warnings);

            foreach (Stream stream in m_streams)
                stream.Position = 0;
        }

        private void PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs ev)
        {
            Metafile pageImage = new Metafile(m_streams[m_currentPageIndex]);
            ev.Graphics.DrawImage(pageImage, ev.PageBounds);

            m_currentPageIndex++;
            ev.HasMorePages = (m_currentPageIndex < m_streams.Count);
        }

        private void Print()
        {
            const string printerName = "Microsoft Office Document Image Writer";

            if (m_streams == null || m_streams.Count == 0)
                return;

            PrintDocument printDoc = new PrintDocument();
            printDoc.PrinterSettings.PrinterName = printerName;
            if (!printDoc.PrinterSettings.IsValid)
            {
                string msg = String.Format("Can't find printer \"{0}\".", printerName);
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
                return;
            }
            printDoc.PrintPage += new PrintPageEventHandler(PrintPage);
            printDoc.Print();
        }

        private void Run()
        {
            LocalReport report = new LocalReport();
            report.ReportPath = "Report.rdlc";
            report.DataSources.Add(new ReportDataSource("Sales", LoadSalesData()));

            Export(report);

            m_currentPageIndex = 0;
            Print();
        }

      对，就是那个通过命令行而不是ReportViewer的GUI界面进行打印报表的例子，这个例子就使用LocalReport的Render方法将报表 的内容导出为EMF图像流，然后在PrintDocument的PrintPage事件中使用时事件参数 System.Drawing.Printing.PrintEventArgs类的DrawImage方法将EMF图像流输出到打印机。我在上面说的变 通的方法也要使用这种方法。具体的细节将在以后的随笔中陆续给出。

        既然我们使用这种方法进行报表的打印，那么Visual Studio的控件ReportViewer的工具栏就不再符合我们的要求了。因为这个报表浏览器的工具栏上的按钮虽然可以设置属性显示或隐藏其中的一部 分，但是我们却不能自己往这个工具栏上添加按钮（显然，我们需要实现自己的页面设置、预览和打印按钮），在这一点上，建议Microsoft将工具栏和报 表浏览器分离，应该做得和BindingNavigator那样就好了。
        我们先设置ReportViewer控件的ShowToolBar方法为false，然后在ReportViewer控件纸上添加除页面设置、预览、打印外的应该有的按钮，像刷新、终止、导出、缩放、搜索、导航等，这些按钮的Click事件定义如下：

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取当前时间组成的字符串，用作生成不会重复的文件名
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string GetTimeStamp()
        {
            string strRet = string.Empty;
            System.DateTime dtNow = Pub.DateTimeEx.ServerTime;
            strRet += dtNow.Year.ToString() +
                        dtNow.Month.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Day.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Hour.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Minute.ToString("00") +
                        dtNow.Second.ToString("00") +
                        System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString("000");
            return strRet;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出到Excel
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void toolExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            Microsoft.Reporting.WinForms.Warning[] Warnings;
            string[] strStreamIds;
            string strMimeType;
            string strEncoding;
            string strFileNameExtension;

            byte[] bytes = this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.Render("Excel", null, out strMimeType, out strEncoding, out strFileNameExtension, out strStreamIds, out Warnings);

            string strFilePath = @"D:\" + this.GetTimeStamp() + ".xls";

            using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFilePath, FileMode.Create))
            {
                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }

            if (Pub.WinForm.Msg.Question("报表打印： \r\n    成功导出Excel文件！" + strFilePath + "\r\n    要现在打开文件" + strFilePath + "吗？") == DialogResult.Yes)
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(strFilePath);
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 刷新报表数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool刷新_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.RefreshReport();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在加载报表数据时终止报表数据的加载
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool终止_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CancelRendering(0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 从DrillThrough报表返回到导航页面
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool返回_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.IsDrillthroughReport)
                this.reportViewer1.PerformBack();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 回到报表的第一页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool第一页_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = 1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳转到报表的最后一页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool最后一页_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以25%的比例显示报表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool25_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 25;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以50%的比例显示报表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool50_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 50;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以100%的比例显示报表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool100_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 100;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以200%的比例显示报表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool200_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 200;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以400%的比例显示报表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool400_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.Percent;
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomPercent = 400;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将缩放模式设置为整页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool整页_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.FullPage;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将缩放模式设置为页宽
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool页宽_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.reportViewer1.ZoomMode = ZoomMode.PageWidth;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在报表中搜索txtSearch中的字符
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool搜索_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtSearch.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            this.reportViewer1.Find(this.txtSearch.Text.Trim(), 1);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 搜索报表中下一处txtSearch中的字符
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool搜索下一个_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtSearch.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            this.reportViewer1.FindNext();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳转到上一页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool上一页_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage != 1)
                this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage--;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳转到下一页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool下一页_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage != this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages())
                this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage++;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跳转到由txt跳转中指定的页数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void tool跳转_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txt跳转.Text.Trim() == string.Empty)
                return;

            int intJump = 0;

            if (System.Int32.TryParse(this.txt跳转.Text.Trim(), out intJump))
                if (intJump <= this.reportViewer1.LocalReport.GetTotalPages())
                    this.reportViewer1.CurrentPage = intJump;

        }

来自蜡人张：RDLC报表（六）

        你可能已经注意到了在调用LocalReport的Render方法时用到了一个XML格式的DeviceInfo结构，在SQL Server 2005 Report Services中，DeviceInfo结构是为了给特定的呈现格式传递参数。来看一个简单的DeviceInfo结构：

<DeviceInfo> 
    <OutputFormat>EMF</OutputFormat> 
    <PageWidth>21cm</PageWidth> 
    <PageHeight>29.70cm</PageHeight> 
    <MarginTop>2cm</MarginTop> 
    <MarginLeft>2cm</MarginLeft> 
    <MarginRight>2cm</MarginRight> 
    <MarginBottom>2cm</MarginBottom> 
</DeviceInfo>

        这个简单的DeviceInfo结构至少为LocalReport的Render方法指定了输出格式、页宽、页高、左边距、右边距、下边距信息，在我们使 用PrintPage的方法将LocalReport呈现为EMF图片时，EMF图片在页面上显示的大小、边距就是由这个DeviceInfo结构来决定 的，如果为DeviceInfo结构和PrintDocumnt设置不匹配的页面大小或边距，那么在PrintPage事件中使用DrawImage方法 画出的图片将出现放大或缩小的情况，这是我们不愿意看到的结果。也就是说，在使用自定义纸张进行单据打印时，我们不仅要为PrintDocument设置 页面大小和边距，还要为LocalReport设置与PrintDocument相同的页面大小和边距。关于DeviceInfo的结构，可以参考http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms155373.aspx

        下面是我封装的一个为生成DeviceInfo结构使用的类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace RDLCReport
{
    public class EMFDeviceInfo
    {
        private bool m_Landscape = false;

        public bool Landscape
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_Landscape;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_Landscape = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The pixel depth of the color range supported by the image output. 
         * Valid values are 1, 4, 8, 24, and 32. 
         * The default value is 24. 
         * ColorDepth is only supported for TIFF rendering and is otherwise ignored by the report server for other image output formats. 
         * Note: 
         * For this release of SQL Server, the value of this setting is ignored, and the TIFF image is always rendered as 24-bit.
         * 
         * 默认值为24，且只有当输出格式为TIFF时才该项设置才起作用
         * 
        */
        private int m_ColorDepth = 24;

        public int ColorDepth
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_ColorDepth;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The number of columns to set for the report. This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 未用到此项设置
         * 
        */
        private int m_Columns = 0;

        public int Columns
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_Columns;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_Columns = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The column spacing to set for the report. This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 未用到此项设置
         * 
        */
        private int m_ColumnSpacing = 0;

        public int ColumnSpacing
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_ColumnSpacing;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_ColumnSpacing = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The resolution of the output device in x-direction. The default value is 96.
         * 
         * 解析度，默认值为96
         * 
        */
        private int m_DpiX = 96;

        public int DpiX
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_DpiX;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_DpiX = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The resolution of the output device in y-direction. The default value is 96.
         * 
         * 解析度，默认值为96
         * 
        */
        private int m_DpiY = 96;

        public int DpiY
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_DpiY;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_DpiY = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The last page of the report to render. The default value is the value for StartPage.
         * 
         * 要输出的报表的最后一页
         * 
         */
        private int m_EndPage = 0;

        public int EndPage
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_EndPage;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_EndPage = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The first page of the report to render. A value of 0 indicates that all pages are rendered. The default value is 1.
         * 
         * 起始页，０代表所有页面都将输出，默认值为１。
         * 
         */
        private int m_StartPage = 1;

        public int StartPage
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_StartPage;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_StartPage = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The bottom margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 底部边距，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginBottom = 0;

        public decimal MarginBottom
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginBottom;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginBottom = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The top margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 顶部边距，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginTop = 0;

        public decimal MarginTop
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginTop;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginTop = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The left margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 左边距，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginLeft = 0;

        public decimal MarginLeft
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginLeft;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginLeft = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The right margin value, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 1in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 右边距，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_MarginRight = 0;

        public decimal MarginRight
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_MarginRight;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_MarginRight = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * One of the Graphics Device Interface (GDI) supported output formats: BMP, EMF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, or TIFF.
         * 
         * 图形设备接口（GDI）支持的一种输出格式，可以是BMP, EMF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, 或 TIFF.
         * 此处使用EMF
         */
        private string m_OutputFormat = "EMF";

        public string OutputFormat
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_OutputFormat;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_OutputFormat = value;
            }
        }

        /*
         * The page height, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 11in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 页面高度，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
         */
        private decimal m_PageHeight = 0;

        public decimal PageHeight
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_PageHeight;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_PageHeight = value;
            }
        }


        /*
         * The page width, in inches, to set for the report. You must include an integer or decimal value followed by "in" (for example, 8.5in). This value overrides the report's original settings.
         * 
         * 页面宽度，必须加上单位如"in"
         * 
        */
        private decimal m_PageWidth = 0;

        public decimal PageWidth
        {
            get
            {
                return this.m_PageWidth;
            }
            set
            {
                this.m_PageWidth = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回包含DeviceInfo的字符串
        /// </summary>
        public string DeviceInfoString
        {
            get
            {
                string strRet = string.Empty;

                strRet += "<DeviceInfo>" +
                    "  <OutputFormat>" + this.m_OutputFormat + "</OutputFormat>";

                if (this.m_Landscape)
                    strRet +=
                        "  <PageWidth>" + this.m_PageHeight.ToString() + "cm</PageWidth>" +
                        "  <PageHeight>" + this.m_PageWidth.ToString() + "cm</PageHeight>";
                else
                    strRet +=
                        "  <PageWidth>" + this.m_PageWidth.ToString() + "cm</PageWidth>" +
                        "  <PageHeight>" + this.m_PageHeight.ToString() + "cm</PageHeight>";

                strRet +=
                        "  <MarginTop>" + this.m_MarginTop.ToString() + "cm</MarginTop>" +
                        "  <MarginLeft>" + this.m_MarginLeft.ToString() + "cm</MarginLeft>" +
                        "  <MarginRight>" + this.m_MarginRight.ToString() + "cm</MarginRight>" +
                        "  <MarginBottom>" + this.m_MarginBottom.ToString() + "cm</MarginBottom>";

                strRet += "</DeviceInfo>";

                return strRet;

            }

        }   
    }
}

        好了，解决了DeviceInfo，现在来看一下如何在PrintDocument的PrintPage事件中向打印机输出由LocalReport呈现 的EMF图片。使用的方法基本上就是在GotReportViewer的例程Print a report from a console app中使用的方法，但是需要指出的一点是例程中使用事件参数System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs类 的Graphics属性的DrawImage方法向打印机输出EMF图片，在实际的应用中，发现DrawImage方法绘出的图片会出现放大或缩小的情 况，即使为DrawImage方法指定了看起来正确的参数 ev.Graphics.DrawImageUnscaledAndClipped(this.m_PageImage, ev.PageBounds);，我使用的方法是DrawImageUnscaledAndClipped，在为DeviceInfo结构和 PrintDocument指定好适当且匹配的页面设置时，输出的结果是比较好的。