需求：
读取Excel数据并进行处理使之组合显示
基于上一篇截图实战的结果的动态显示GUI界面显示，格式类似于Excel表格
使用python开发，需要text的动态显示
实现:
介绍对 Excel 操作：
- 普通表格读取；
- 多列表格合并（一对一）
- 有颜色表格按条件对表头读取；
列出需要导入的包：
from tkinter import Tk,Label,Entry,Button,Listbox,mainloop,END
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import pandas as pd
# import prettytable as pt
import openpyxl
import xlrd
import time
1. 普通表格读取：
'''
read the url from excel
'''
# the file storage path
def read_url(path):
if path != None:
df5 = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[5],names=None,skiprows=3)
df5.fillna("",inplace=True) # value read that is null replaced by ""
df_li5 = df5.values.tolist() # transform the result read to list
return df_li5
2. 多列表格合并（一对一）：
'''
read the name from excel
'''
def read_name(path):
if path != None:
# Read the first 5 columns of data
df = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[0],names=None,skiprows=3)
df1 = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[1],names=None,skiprows=3)
df2 = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[2],names=None,skiprows=3)
df3 = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[3],names=None,skiprows=3)
df4 = pd.read_excel(path, usecols=[4],names=None,skiprows=3)
df.fillna("",inplace=True)
df1.fillna("",inplace=True)
df2.fillna("",inplace=True)
df3.fillna("",inplace=True)
df4.fillna("",inplace=True)
# take data
df_li = df.values
df_li1 = df1.values
df_li2 = df2.values
df_li3 = df3.values
df_li4 = df4.values
name = []
# merge multiple columns
for i, j, m, n, p in zip(df_li,df_li1,df_li2,df_li3,df_li4):
sum = i + j + m + n + p
name.append(sum)
return name
ZIP 函数详解：
def zip(*iterables):
# zip('ABCD', 'xy') --> Ax By
sentinel = object()
iterators = [iter(it) for it in iterables]
while iterators:
result = []
for it in iterators:
elem = next(it, sentinel)
if elem is sentinel:
return
result.append(elem)
yield tuple(result)
利用zip函数可以对数据按顺序进行组合，而不是直接插入到某个位置或者简单接在前一个列表的结尾
3. 有颜色表格按条件对表头读取：
类似于这种情况的Excel表格的读取，我们需要对表格填充颜色进行判断，最红按条件读取特定的元素
'''
read the key from excel
'''
def read_key(path):
if path != None:
workbook=openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
data = xlrd.open_workbook(path)
table = data.sheets()[0] # select sheet that contain data
# test
'''
data = xlrd.open_workbook(path)
table = data.sheets()[0]
for i in range(10):
cell = table.cell(2,i)
print(cell)
# output special element
cell = table.cell(2,6)
print(cell)
'''
# read data by distinguish color
sheet = workbook.worksheets[0]
rows = sheet.max_row
yellow1 = []
yellow2 = []
yellow3 = []
for i in range(5,rows):
ce = sheet.cell(row=i,column=7)
fill = ce.fill
if fill.start_color.rgb=="FFFFFF00": # yellow
yellow1.append(table.cell(2,6)) # read header
else:
yellow1.append("")
for i in range(5,rows):
ce = sheet.cell(row=i,column=9)
fill = ce.fill
if fill.start_color.rgb=="FFFFFF00":
yellow2.append(table.cell(2,8))
else:
yellow2.append("")
for i in range(5,rows):
ce = sheet.cell(row=i,column=11)
fill = ce.fill
if fill.start_color.rgb=="FFFFFF00":
yellow3.append(table.cell(2,10))
else:
yellow3.append("")
zipped = zip(yellow1,yellow2,yellow3)
return list(zipped) # transform from array to list
提出 Python GUI 图形化界面编程，我这里使用的是 tkinter ，当我对Excel表格数据读取完毕之后需要在 tkinter 上以Excel表格的形式显示出来，首先想到的便是 table
数据显示操作
class PFrame():
"""use a ttk.TreeView as a multicolumn ListBox"""
def __init__(self,table_header = None,table_list = None):
self.table_header = table_header
self.table_list = table_list
self.tree = None
self._setup_widgets()
self._build_tree()
def _setup_widgets(self):
self.container = ttk.Frame()
# self.container.pack(fill='both', expand=False)
self.container.place(x=10,y=50,width=780,height=180)
# create a treeview with dual scrollbars
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(columns=self.table_header, show="headings")
self.vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical",
command=self.tree.yview)
self.hsb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient="horizontal",
command=self.tree.xview)
self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set,
xscrollcommand=self.hsb.set)
self.tree.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nsew', in_=self.container)
self.vsb.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='ns', in_=self.container)
self.hsb.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky='ew', in_=self.container)
self.container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
def _build_tree(self):
for col in self.table_header:
self.tree.heading(col, text=col.title(),
command=lambda c=col: sortby(self.tree, c, 0))
# adjust the column's width to the header string
self.tree.column(col,
width=tkFont.Font().measure(col.title()))
for item in self.table_list:
self.tree.insert('', 'end', values=item)
# adjust column's width if necessary to fit each value
for ix, val in enumerate(item):
col_w = tkFont.Font().measure(val)
if self.tree.column(self.table_header[ix],width=None)<col_w:
self.tree.column(self.table_header[ix], width=col_w)
def _rebuild_tree(self):
self.tree.configure(columns=self.table_header)
self._build_tree()
def _set_header(self,header = None):
self.table_header = header
def _set_list(self,list = None):
self.table_list = list
def sortby(tree, col, descending):
"""sort tree contents when a column header is clicked on"""
# grab values to sort
data = [(tree.set(child, col), child)
for child in tree.get_children('')]
# if the data to be sorted is numeric change to float
#data = change_numeric(data)
# now sort the data in place
data.sort(reverse=descending)
for ix, item in enumerate(data):
tree.move(item[1], '', ix)
# switch the heading so it will sort in the opposite direction
tree.heading(col, command=lambda col=col: sortby(tree, col,
int(not descending)))
代码解释
自定义了一个类实现数据特定格式显示，类中使用到的是tree和table
定义了一个sortby函数，实现tree中数据的按顺序读取和排列
PFrame类和sortby函数可以直接使用
'''
header 代表数据显示框的表头 ; zipped 代表数据内容
两者都必须是list类型，可以进行强制转型list()
'''
mc_listbox = PFrame(table_header=header,table_list=zipped)
text 数据动态显示
text 组件是基于tkinter 的，架设于图形化界面之上，一般用来动态显示操作过程
textvar = "%s,%s"%(getlocal_time(),read_url(path)[i]) # Define variables and pass parameters
text_box.insert(END,textvar+'
') # Insert a new line to the end
text_box.update() # update line
至此，关键部分已经解决！