IOS ——UI篇——UINavigationController导航控制器的使用

UINavigationController

 

 

 

UINavigationController俗称导航控制器，可以看做是一个试图控制器的容器，主要用于试图控制器之间的沟通，一般作为根视图控制器使用

1. 创建：在appdelegate里的didfinishlaunsh方法里创建，创建的同时需要给UINavigationController设置艮视图控制器：

//首先创建自己的视图控制器

ViewController *vc = [[ViewController alloc]init];

//然后创建导航控制器，并且将上一步创建的ViewController对象设置为导航控制器的根控制器

UINavigationController *nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:vc];

//最后将导航控制器设置为窗口的根控制器

self.window.rootViewController = nav;

1. self.title = @"导航";//设置导航条在某试图控制器中的标题（在对应视图控制器中设置）
2. self.navigationController.navigationBar.titleTextAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[UIColor whiteColor],NSForegroundColorAttributeName, nil];//修改标题颜色
3. self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = NO;//设置导航条半透明状态，默认为yes，会遮挡住self.view的64像素的高度
4. [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBarTintColor:[UIColor blackColor]];//设置navigationbar的颜色
5. [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"nav_bg"] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];//设置背景图片（注意尺寸）
6. self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = YES;//隐藏导航条

  [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated: YES];//隐藏导航条，是否带动画

1. [self.navigationController pushViewController:sec animated:YES];//推到下一个视图
2. [self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];//返回上一级视图
3. [self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];//退回到根视图
4. (NSArray *)popToViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated; //返回指定视图
5. UIViewController *vc = [self.navigationController.viewControllers objectAtIndex:0];//获得导航控制器的viewcontrollers栈
6. UIBarButtonItem *backButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"返回"  style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain  target:self  action:nil];//设置导航条返回按钮的标题

self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = backButton;

1. //自定义返回按钮：

     UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

    button.frame = CGRectMake(10, 10, 40, 40);

    [button setTitle:@"返回" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

    UIBarButtonItem *left = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:button];

    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = left;

//还可以initWithImage初始化成图片
    //还可以自定义，可以是任意一个UIView
    UIBarButtonItem *barBtn2=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemCamera target:self action:@selector(changeColor2)];
    UIBarButtonItem *barBtn3=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"logo-40@2x.png"] style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(changeColor3)];
    UIView *view4=[[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 10, 20, 20)];
    view4.backgroundColor=[UIColor blackColor];
    UIBarButtonItem *barBtn4=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithCustomView:view4];
    NSArray *arr1=[[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:barBtn2,barBtn3,barBtn4, nil];

    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems=arr1;

 

1. //自定义titleView

UISegmentedControl *seg = [[UISegmentedControl alloc] initWithItems:@[@"1",@"2"]];

seg.frame = CGRectMake(0, 10, 80, 20);

self.navigationItem.titleView = seg;

 

注意：

  1.navigationController 和  navigationItem这两个属性是平级的所以直接可以用self.navigationItem

  2. 用self.title = @"公交路线查询";方法设置的标题会受标签标题的影响；

[self.navigationItem setTitle:@"公交路线查询"];//设置导航条标题(如果使用了tableBar，这种方式设置的标题不会受标签的标题的影响)

self.navigationItem.title = @"宝妈圈";//设置导航条标题(如果使用了tableBar，这种方式设置的标题不会受标签的标题的影响)

 

应用举例：

 

#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds];
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

    ViewController *vc = [[ViewController alloc] init];//导航控制器的根视图

    UINavigationController *nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:vc];//初始化导航控制器

    self.window.rootViewController = nav;//设置window的根视图控制器为导航控制器

    return YES;
}

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];

}
-(void)hidden{

   // [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:NO];
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor brownColor];

    //延迟调用
    [self performSelector:@selector(hidden) withObject:nil afterDelay:1];

    //导航条默认半透明，这时会遮挡self.view的64个像素的高度(tableView除外)，为了避免这种情况，我们可以将导航条的半透明效果关掉
    self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = NO;//将导航条的半透明效果关掉

    self.title = @"导航条";//设置导航条标题
[self.navigationItem setTitle:@"导航条"];//设置导航条标题(如果使用了tableBar，这种方式设置的标题不会受标签的标题的影响)
self.navigationItem.title = @"导航条";//设置导航条标题(如果使用了tableBar，这种方式设置的标题不会受标签的标题的影响)
    self.navigationController.navigationBar.titleTextAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[UIColor whiteColor],NSForegroundColorAttributeName, nil];//修改标题颜色

    self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor purpleColor];//导航条背景色修改
   //给导航条增加背景图片，其中forBarMetrics有点类似于按钮的for state状态，即什么状态下显示
    //UIBarMetricsDefault-竖屏横屏都有，横屏导航条变宽，则自动repeat图片
    //UIBarMetricsCompact-竖屏没有，横屏有，相当于之前老iOS版本里的UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone
    //UIBarMetricsCompactPrompt和UIBarMetricsDefaultPrompt暂时不知道用处，官方解释是Applicable only in bars with the prompt property, such as UINavigationBar and UISearchBar，以后遇到时再细说
    [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"big2.png"] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    //如果图片太大会向上扩展侵占状态栏的位置，在状态栏下方显示
    //clipsToBounds就是把多余的图片裁剪掉
    UILabel *la = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 200, 64)];
    la.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.view addSubview:la];

    UIButton *btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [btn setTitle:@"跳转" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    btn.frame = CGRectMake(20, 100, 80, 80);
    btn.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    [btn addTarget:self action:@selector(gotoNext) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:btn];
}
-(void)gotoNext{

    SecondViewController *secondVc = [[SecondViewController alloc] init];
    //nav 跳转方式
    [self.navigationController pushViewController:secondVc animated:YES];

}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

//[self.navigationItem setHidesBackButton:YES];隐藏导航条上的返回按钮
 //自定义导航条左按钮
    UIButton *backBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [backBtn setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"back"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    backBtn.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 40);

    [backBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(back) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    UIBarButtonItem *item = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:backBtn];
    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = item;

    // UIBarButtonItem *right = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:nil action:nil];

    //自定义导航条右按钮
    UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [rightBtn setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chatWith"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    rightBtn.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 30);
    [rightBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(chat) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

    UIBarButtonItem *right = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:rightBtn];

    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = right;
112 
UISegmentedControl *seg = [[UISegmentedControl alloc] initWithItems:@[@"1",@"2"]];
    seg.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 80, 40);

    self.navigationItem.titleView = seg;//自定义导航条头视图

    self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor orangeColor];

-(void)backToHome{
   // [self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];//返回到nav的根视图

    //nav中所存放的vc对象数组
    NSArray *arr = self.navigationController.viewControllers;
    NSLog(@"==%@",arr);

    UIViewController *vc = [arr objectAtIndex:2];

    //跳转到指定VC对象，此VC必须存在于NAV的栈中
    [self.navigationController popToViewController:vc animated:YES];

}

//视图将要出现时调用的方法
-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
    NSArray *arr = self.navigationController.viewControllers;//获取导航控制器中的 视图控制器
    NSLog(@"==%@",arr);

}