CMake编译静态库

CMake编译静态库

---

准备工作

• 安装cmake
   我的系统是ubuntu16，这一步就不赘述了，apt或者源代码安装都没问题。

• 源代码
   我是想在系统中学习好linux应用层编程，所以我买了Linux/Uinx系统编程手册。
  在学习过程中发现他的代码都依赖于作者所写的几个头文件，所以我产生了将其将其编译成静态库的想法，虽然文件不多，但是姑且也算是学习到了一些东西。需要的可以自行百度搜索下载。
   源代码分布如下：

  zqh@linux:~/system_program$ tree .
  .
  ├── build
  ├── CMakeLists.txt
  ├── lib
  │   ├── alt_functions.c
  │   ├── alt_functions.h
  │   ├── CMakeLists.txt
  │   ├── ename.c.inc
  │   ├── error_functions.c
  │   ├── error_functions.h
  │   ├── get_num.c
  │   ├── get_num.h
  │   └── tlpi_hdr.h
  └── 编译静态库.md
  
  2 directories, 11 files
  

• 编写CMakeLists

  • lib目录下的CMakeLists

  CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)  
  
  SET(LIB_SRC alt_functions.c error_functions.c get_num.c)  #添加源文件
  
  #添加静态库  
  ADD_LIBRARY(tpli_static STATIC ${LIB_SRC})  
  
  #将静态库重新命名为Libtpli
  SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(tpli_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "tpli")
  

  • 当前目录下的CMakeLists

  CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)  
  PROJECT(TestLIB)  #工程名
  ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(lib) #添加子目录
  

• 编译

  cd build/
  cmake ..
  make
  

  查看结果

  zqh@linux:~/system_program/build$ ls
  CMakeCache.txt  CMakeFiles  cmake_install.cmake  lib  Makefile
  zqh@linux:~/system_program/build$ cd lib/
  zqh@linux:~/system_program/build/lib$ ls
  CMakeFiles  cmake_install.cmake  libtpli.a  Makefile
  

  现在生成了静态库libtpli.a。

• 测试

  • 准备
    新建了一个目录test，将头文件加入其中，内容如下

    zqh@linux:~/system_program/test$ tree
    .
    ├── build
    ├── CMakeLists.txt
    ├── inc
    │   ├── alt_functions.h
    │   ├── ename.c.inc
    │   ├── error_functions.h
    │   ├── get_num.h
    │   └── tlpi_hdr.h
    └── test.c
    
    2 directories, 7 files
    

    test.c（复制文件内容到另一个文件）:

        /*************************************************************************
    *                  Copyright (C) Michael Kerrisk, 2017.                   *
    *                                                                         *
    * This program is free software. You may use, modify, and redistribute it *
    * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the   *
    * Free Software Foundation, either version 3 or (at your option) any      *
    * later version. This program is distributed without any warranty.  See   *
    * the file COPYING.gpl-v3 for details.                                    *
    *************************************************************************/
    
    /* Listing 4-1 */
    
    /* copy.c
    
    Copy the file named argv[1] to a new file named in argv[2].
    */
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include "tlpi_hdr.h"
    
    #ifndef BUF_SIZE        /* Allow "cc -D" to override definition */
    #define BUF_SIZE 1024
    #endif
    
    int
    main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        int inputFd, outputFd, openFlags;
        mode_t filePerms;
        ssize_t numRead;
        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
    
        if (argc != 3 || strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0)
            usageErr("%s old-file new-file
    ", argv[0]);
    
        /* Open input and output files */
    
        inputFd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
        if (inputFd == -1)
            errExit("opening file %s", argv[1]);
    
        openFlags = O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC;
        filePerms = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP |
                    S_IROTH | S_IWOTH;      /* rw-rw-rw- */
        outputFd = open(argv[2], openFlags, filePerms);
        if (outputFd == -1)
            errExit("opening file %s", argv[2]);
    
        /* Transfer data until we encounter end of input or an error */
    
        while ((numRead = read(inputFd, buf, BUF_SIZE)) > 0)
            if (write(outputFd, buf, numRead) != numRead)
                fatal("couldn't write whole buffer");
        if (numRead == -1)
            errExit("read");
    
        if (close(inputFd) == -1)
            errExit("close input");
        if (close(outputFd) == -1)
            errExit("close output");
    
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    }
    

    CMakeLists.txt:

    CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)  
    project (Tutorial)  #工程名
    
    # 添加头文件目录
    include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/inc )
    
    
    link_libraries(/home/zqh/system_program/build/lib/libtpli.a)#添加静态库
    
    add_executable (Tutorial test.c) #创建可执行文件
    
    target_link_libraries(Tutorial /home/zqh/system_program/build/lib/libtpli.a)# 连接静态库库
    

  • 编译

    cd build/
    cmake ..
    make
    

  • 运行

    ./Tutorial
    Usage: ./Tutorial old-file new-file
    cat 1.txt
    编译静态库成功
    ./Tutorial 1.txt 2.txt
    cat 2.txt
    编译静态库成功