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  • Windows平台下安装Eclipse插件,开发Hadoop应用

    安装插件

    将hadoop安装包hadoopcontribeclipse-pluginhadoop-0.20.2-eclipse-plugin.jar拷贝到eclipse的插件目录plugins下。

    需要注意的是插件版本(及后面开发导入的所有jar包)与运行的hadoop一致,否则可能会出现EOFException异常。

    重启eclipse,打开windows->open perspective->other->map/reduce 可以看到map/reduce开发视图。

    设置连接参数

    打开windows->show view->other-> map/reduce Locations视图,在点击大象后弹出的对话框(General tab)进行参数的添加:

    参数说明如下:

    • Location name:任意
    • map/reduce master:与mapred-site.xml里面mapred.job.tracker设置一致。
    • DFS master:与core-site.xml里fs.default.name设置一致。
    • User name: 服务器上运行hadoop服务的用户名。

    然后是打开“Advanced parameters”设置面板,修改相应参数。上面的参数填写以后,也会反映到这里相应的参数,主要关注下面几个参数:

    • fs.defualt.name:与core-site.xml里fs.default.name设置一致。
    • mapred.job.tracker:与mapred-site.xml里面mapred.job.tracker设置一致。
    • dfs.replication:与hdfs-site.xml里面的dfs.replication一致。
    • hadoop.tmp.dir:与core-site.xml里hadoop.tmp.dir设置一致。
    • hadoop.job.ugi:并不是设置用户名与密码。是用户与组名,所以这里填写hadoop,hadoop。

    说明:第一次设置的时候可能是没有hadoop.job.ugi和dfs.replication参数的,不要紧,确认保存。打开Project Explorer中DFS Locations目录,应该可以年看到文件系统中的结构了。但是在/hadoop/mapred/system下却没有查看权限,如下图:

    而且删除文件的时候也会报错:

    这个原因是我使用地本用户Administrator(我是用管理员用户登陆来地windows系统的)进行远程hadoop系统操作,没有权限。

    此时再打开“Advanced parameters”设置面板,应该可以看到hadoop.job.ugi了,这个参数默认是本地操作系统的用户名,如果不幸与远程hadoop用户不一致,那就要改过来了,将hadoop加在第一个,并用逗号分隔。如:

    保存配置后,重新启动eclipse。/hadoop/mapred/system下就一目了然了,删除文件也OK。

    运行hadoop程序

    首先将hadoop安装包下面的所有jar包都导到eclipse工程里。然后建立一个类:DFSOperator.java,该类写了四个基本方法:创建文件,删除文件,把文件内容读为字符串,将字符串写入文件。同时有个main函数,可以修改测试:

    package com.kingdee.hadoop;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    
    /**
     * 
     * The utilities to operate file on hadoop hdfs.
     * 
     * @author luolihui 2011-07-18
     *
     */
    public class DFSOperator {
        
        private static final String ROOT_PATH = "hdfs:///";
        private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
        
        /**
         * construct.
         */
        public DFSOperator(){}
    
         /**
         * Create a file on hdfs.The root path is /.<br>
         * for example: DFSOperator.createFile("/lory/test1.txt", true);
         * @param path  the file name to open
         * @param overwrite if a file with this name already exists, then if true, the file will be 
         * @return true if delete is successful else IOException.
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static boolean createFile(String path, boolean overwrite) throws IOException
        {
            //String uri = "hdfs://192.168.1.100:9000"; 
            //FileSystem fs1 = FileSystem.get(URI.create(uri), conf);  
    
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);    
            fs.create(f, overwrite);
            fs.close();
            return true;
        }
        
        /**
         * Delete a file on hdfs.The root path is /. <br>
         * for example: DFSOperator.deleteFile("/user/hadoop/output", true);
         * @param path the path to delete
         * @param recursive  if path is a directory and set to true, the directory is deleted else throws an exception. In case of a file the recursive can be set to either true or false. 
         * @return true if delete is successful else IOException.
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static boolean deleteFile(String path, boolean recursive) throws IOException
        {
            //String uri = "hdfs://192.168.1.100:9000"; 
            //FileSystem fs1 = FileSystem.get(URI.create(uri), conf);  
            
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);    
            fs.delete(f, recursive);
            fs.close();
            return true;
        }
        
        /**
         * Read a file to string on hadoop hdfs. From stream to string. <br>
         * for example: System.out.println(DFSOperator.readDFSFileToString("/user/hadoop/input/test3.txt"));
         * @param path the path to read
         * @return true if read is successful else IOException.
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static String readDFSFileToString(String path) throws IOException
        {
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);
            InputStream in = null;
            String str = null;
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(BUFFER_SIZE);
            if (fs.exists(f))
            {
                in = fs.open(f);
                BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); 
                
                while ((str = bf.readLine()) != null) 
                {
                    sb.append(str);
                    sb.append("
    ");
                }
                
                in.close();
                bf.close();
                fs.close();
                return sb.toString();
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
            
        }
        /**
         * Write string to a hadoop hdfs file. <br>
         * for example: DFSOperator.writeStringToDFSFile("/lory/test1.txt", "You are a bad man.
    Really!
    ");
         * @param path the file where the string to write in.
         * @param string the context to write in a file.
         * @return true if write is successful else IOException.
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static boolean writeStringToDFSFile(String path, String string) throws IOException
        {
            Configuration conf = new Configuration();
            FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
            FSDataOutputStream os = null;
            Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);
            os = fs.create(f,true);
            os.writeBytes(string);
            
            os.close();
            fs.close();
            return true;
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) 
        {
            try {
                DFSOperator.createFile("/lory/test1.txt", true);
                DFSOperator.deleteFile("/dfs_operator.txt", true);
                DFSOperator.writeStringToDFSFile("/lory/test1.txt", "You are a bad man.
    Really?
    ");
                System.out.println(DFSOperator.readDFSFileToString("/lory/test1.txt"));
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("===end===");
        }
    }

    然后Run As->Run on Hadoop->Choose an exitsing server from the list below->finish.

    结果很简单(那个警告不管):

    11/07/16 18:44:32 WARN conf.Configuration: DEPRECATED: hadoop-site.xml found in the classpath. Usage of hadoop-site.xml is deprecated. Instead use core-site.xml, mapred-site.xml and hdfs-site.xml to override properties of core-default.xml, mapred-default.xml and hdfs-default.xml respectively
    You are a bad man.
    Really?
    
    ===end===

    也可以运行hadoop自带的WorkCount程序,找到其源代码导进来,然后设置输入输出参数,然后同样“Run on hadoop”。具体步骤不再示范。
    每“Run on hadoop”都会在workspace.metadata.pluginsorg.apache.hadoop.eclipse下生成临时jar包。不过第一次需要Run on hadoop,以后只需要点击那运行的绿色按钮了。

    错误及处理

    安全模式问题

    我在eclipse上删除DFS上的文件夹时,出现下面错误:

    错误提示说得也比较明示,是NameNode在安全模式中,其解决方案也一并给出。类似的运行hadoop程序时,有时候会报以下错误:

    org.apache.hadoop.dfs.SafeModeException: Cannot delete /user/hadoop/input. Name node is in safe mode

    解除安全模式:

    bin/hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave 

    用户可以通过dfsadmin -safemode value 来操作安全模式,参数value的说明如下:

    • enter - 进入安全模式
    • leave - 强制NameNode离开安全模式
    • get - 返回安全模式是否开启的信息
    • wait - 等待,一直到安全模式结束。

    开发时报错Permission denied

    org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=Administrator, access=WRITE, inode="test1.txt":hadoop:supergroup:rw-r--r--
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException.instantiateException(RemoteException.java:96)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException.unwrapRemoteException(RemoteException.java:58)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.<init>(DFSClient.java:2710)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.create(DFSClient.java:492)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.create(DistributedFileSystem.java:195)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:484)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:465)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:372)
        at com.kingdee.hadoop.DFSOperator.createFile(DFSOperator.java:46)
        at com.kingdee.hadoop.DFSOperator.main(DFSOperator.java:134)

    解决方法是,在“Advanced parameters”设置面板,设置hadoop.job.ugi参数,将hadoop用户加上去。

    变为:

    然后重新在运行中”Run on hadoop”。另一方法是改变要操作的文件的权限。

    Permission denied: user=Administrator, access=WRITE, inode="test1.txt":hadoop:supergroup:rw-r--r--

    上面的意思是:test1.txt文件的访问权限是rw-r--r--,归属组是supergroup,归属用户是hadoop,现在使用Administrator用户对test1.txt文件进行WRITE方式访问,被拒绝了。所以可以改变下test1.txt文件的访问权限:

    $ hadoop fs –chmod 777 /lory/test1.txt
    $ hadoop fs –chmod 777 /lory     #或者上一级文件夹

    当然使用-chown命令也可以。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aeexiaoqiang/p/6526132.html
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