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  • SSM框架快速整合实例——学生查询

    一、快速准备

    SSM 框架即 Spring 框架、SpringMVC 框架、MyBatis 框架,关于这几个框架的基础和入门程序,我前面已经写过几篇文章作为基础和入门介绍了。这里再简单的介绍一下:

    1.Spring

    Spring 框架是 Java 应用最广的框架,它的成功来源于理念,而不是技术本身,它的理念包括 IoC (控制反转) 和 A面向切面编程)。Spring框架是个轻量级的Java EE框架,所谓轻量级,是指不依赖于容器就能运行的。简单来说,Spring是一个轻量级的控制反转(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架。

    2.Spring MVC

    作用于web层,相当于controller,与struts中的action一样,都是用来处理用户请求的。同时,相比于struts2来说,更加细粒度,它是基于方法层面的,而struts是基于类层面的。Spring MVC 分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色,这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。

    3.MyBatis

    MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis, 2010年这个项目由apache software foundation 迁移到了google code,并且改名为MyBatis 。MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息,将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。

    如果已经陆续学习过 SSM 框架相关知识的,可以忽略掉这一部分,直接看下面的内容。

    二、快速创建项目

    鉴于 jar 包依赖于管理的方便,我们使用 Maven 进行项目的管理和开发,所以这一步我们使用 IDEA 快速创建一个 Maven 项目,关于如何使用 IDEA 快速创建 Maven 项目,这里就不进行过多赘述了,大家可以参考下面这篇文章:

    Maven 项目管理工具基础系列(一)

    三、快速配置 jar 包依赖

    Maven 项目创建完成后,快速打开并配置 pom.xml 文件,具体配置如下:

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.ssm.example</groupId>
      <artifactId>SsmDemo</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <name>SSMDemo Maven Webapp</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
      <dependencies>
    
    		<!-- 配置 SpringMVC 依赖包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- Spring JDBC 依赖包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- Spring AOP 依赖包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!--MyBatis 依赖包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <!-- Spring 整合 MyBatis 依赖包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.1</version>
            </dependency>
    
    		<!-- MySQL 驱动依赖包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.41</version>
            </dependency>
    		
            <!-- C3P0 数据源依赖包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
                <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.1</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <!-- jstl 依赖包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>1.2</version>
            </dependency>
    
    		<!-- ServletAPI 依赖包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.1</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- junit 测试依赖包 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>junit</groupId>
              <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
              <version>3.8.1</version>
          </dependency>
    
      </dependencies>
    
        <!-- 如果不添加此节点,mybatis 的 mapper.xml 文件都会被漏掉 -->
        <build>
            <resources>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.properties</include>
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    </includes>
                    <filtering>false</filtering>
                </resource>
            </resources>
        </build>
    
    </project>
    

    四、快速配置编码过滤和资源加载

    打开 web.xml 文件,快速配置开启 Spring 、SpringMVC 编码过滤以及静态资源加载,具体配置代码如下:

    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      
      <!-- 启动Spring的容器  -->
      <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
      <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
      
      <!-- SpringMVC的前端控制器,拦截所有请求  -->
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </servlet>
      
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      
      <!-- 字符编码过滤器,一定要放在所有过滤器之前 -->
      <filter>
    	  <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    	  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    	  <init-param>
    		  <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    		  <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    	  </init-param>
    	  <init-param>
    		  <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
    		  <param-value>true</param-value>
    	  </init-param>
    	  <init-param>
    		  <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
    		  <param-value>true</param-value>
    	  </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
    	  <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    	  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
      
      <!-- 加载静态资源 -->
      <servlet-mapping>
      	<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
      	<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      
      <servlet-mapping>
      	<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
      	<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      
    </web-app>
    

    五、快速配置 Spring 配置文件

    在 resources 文件夹下新建 applicationContext.xml 文件,配置 MyBatis 和数据库相关信息,具体代码配置如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
    	
    	<!-- 加载资源文件 -->
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    	
    	<!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
    		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="5"></property>
    		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<!-- 配置 MyBatis SqlSessionFactory -->
    	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    		<!-- 指定 MyBatis 数据源 -->
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    		<!-- 指定 MyBatis mapper 映射文件位置 -->
    		<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/ssm/example/dao/*.xml"/>
    		<!-- 指定 MyBatis 全局配置文件的位置 -->
    		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<!-- 扫描 MyBatis 的 mapper 接口 -->
    	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    		<!--扫描所有 dao 接口,加入到 IOC 容器中 -->
    		<property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.example.dao"/>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <!-- 指定数据源 -->
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置事务增强  -->
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <!-- 配置所有方法都是事务方法 -->
                <tx:method name="*"/>
                <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
    	
    	<!-- 开启基于注解的事务  -->
        <aop:config>
            <!-- 切入点表达式 -->
            <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.ssm.example.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="txPoint"/>
            <!-- 配置事务增强 -->
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
        </aop:config>
    </beans>
    

    六、快速配置数据库连接信息

    在 resources 文件夹下新建 db.properties 文件,配置数据库连接相关信息,具体代码配置如下:

    jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_example?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=root

    七、快速配置数据库操作辅助信息

    在 resources 文件夹下新建 mybatis-config.xml 文件,配置相关的数据库操作辅助信息,具体代码配置如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
    	<settings>
    		<!-- 打印SQL-->
    		<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
    	</settings>
    	
    	<typeAliases>
    		<!-- 指定一个包名,MyBatis会在包名下搜索需要的JavaBean-->
    		<package name="com.ssm.example.entity"/>
    	</typeAliases>
    	
    </configuration>
    

    八、快速配置 SpringMVC 注解扫描和视图解析器

    在 resources 文件夹下新建 springmvc.xml 文件,配置相关的数据库操作辅助信息,具体代码配置如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
    	
    	<!-- 启用 SpringMVC 注解驱动 -->
    	<mvc:annotation-driven />
    	
    	<!-- 扫描业务代码 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.example"></context:component-scan>
        
        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    		<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
    		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    	</bean>
        
    </beans>
    

    九、快速新建数据表

    新建 MySQL 数据库,快速新建数据表 ssm_example,具体建表代码如下:

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
    CREATE TABLE `student`  (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `gender` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `tel` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `cla` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;
    
    INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (1, '孔乙己', '男', 'kongyiji@163.com', '13509856897', '计算机1班');
    INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (2, '阿强', '女', 'aqiang@126.com', '12345678909', '软件工程');
    INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (3, '阿福', '男', 'afu@12345.com', '13657898762', '数学专业');
    INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (4, '阿霞', '女', '12345@qq.com', '12378645987', '英语专业');
    INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (5, '指南者', '男', 'compassblog@gmail.com', '13587690873', '打杂搬砖专业');
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
    

    十、快速新建实体类

    快速新建实体类 Student.java,具体代码如下:

    package com.ssm.example.entity;
    
    public class Student {
    	
    	private int id;
    	private String name;
    	private String gender;
    	private String email;
    	private String tel;
    	private String cla;
    	
    	public int getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    	public void setId(int id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public String getGender() {
    		return gender;
    	}
    	public void setGender(String gender) {
    		this.gender = gender;
    	}
    	public String getEmail() {
    		return email;
    	}
    	public void setEmail(String email) {
    		this.email = email;
    	}
    	public String getTel() {
    		return tel;
    	}
    	public void setTel(String tel) {
    		this.tel = tel;
    	}
    	public String getCla() {
    		return cla;
    	}
    	public void setCla(String cla) {
    		this.cla = cla;
    	}
    	
    	
    }
    

    十一、快速书写业务代码

    快速新建 StuentController.java 控制类,具体代码如下:

    package com.ssm.example.controller;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.ssm.example.entity.Student;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import com.ssm.example.service.StudentService;
    
    @Controller
    public class StudentController {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private StudentService studentService;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 查找所有学生
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping(value="/findAll")
    	public ModelAndView test(){
    		List<Student> list = studentService.findAll();
    		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
    		modelAndView.setViewName("index");
    		modelAndView.addObject("list", list);
    		return modelAndView;
    	}
    	
    }
    

    快速新建 StudentService.java 接口,代码如下:

    package com.ssm.example.service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.ssm.example.entity.Student;
    
    public interface StudentService {
    	public List<Student> findAll();
    }
    

    快速新建 StudentServiceImpl.java 类实现接口,具体代码如下:

    package com.ssm.example.service.impl;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.ssm.example.dao.StudentDAO;
    import com.ssm.example.entity.Student;
    import com.ssm.example.service.StudentService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    @Service
    public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private StudentDAO studentDAO;
    	
    	public List<Student> findAll() {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		return studentDAO.findAll();
    	}
    	
    }
    

    快速新建 dao 接口 StudentDAO.java,具体代码如下:

    package com.ssm.example.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.ssm.example.entity.Student;
    
    public interface StudentDAO {
    	public List<Student> findAll();
    }
    

    快速新建 dao 接口代理文件 StudentDAO.xml,具体代码如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> 
    
    	<mapper namespace="com.ssm.example.dao.StudentDAO">
    
    		<resultMap type="Student" id="studentMap">
    			<id property="id" column="id"/>
    			<result property="name" column="name"/>
    			<result property="gender" column="gender"/>
    			<result property="email" column="email"/>
    			<result property="tel" column="tel"/>
    			<result property="cla" column="cla"/>
    		</resultMap>
    
    		<select id="findAll" resultMap="studentMap">
    			select * from student
    		</select>
    
    	</mapper>
    

    十二、新建访问页面

    快速新建访问页面 index.jsp,并且页面使用 bootstrap 框架作轻度渲染,具体代码如下:

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
    <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>学生列表</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    </head>
    <body>
    <br><br><br>
    	<div class="container" align="center">
    		<div class="row">
    			<div class="col-md-12">
    				<h1>SSM 框架快速整合实例--学生查询</h1>
    			</div>
    		</div>
    		<br>
    		<div class="row">
    			<div class="col-md-12">
    				<table class="table table-hover" id="emps_table">
    					<thead>
    						<tr>
    							<th>
    								<input type="checkbox" id="check_all"/>
    							</th>
    							<th>编号</th>
    							<th>姓名</th>
    							<th>性别</th>
    							<th>电子邮箱</th>
    							<th>联系电话</th>
    							<th>班级</th>
    							<th>操作</th>
    						</tr>
    					</thead>
    					<tbody>
    						<c:forEach items="${list }" var="student">
    							<tr>
    								<td><input type='checkbox' class='check_item'/></td>
    								<td>${student.id }</td>
    								<td>${student.name }</td>
    								<td>${student.gender }</td>
    								<td>${student.email }</td>
    								<td>${student.tel }</td>
    								<td>${student.cla }</td>
    
    								<td>
    									<button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm edit_btn">
    										<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil">编辑</span>
    									</button>  
    									<button class="btn btn-danger btn-sm delete_btn">
    										<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash">删除</span>
    									</button>
    								</td>
    							</tr>
    						</c:forEach>
    					</tbody>
    				</table>
    			</div>
    		</div>
    		
    	</div>
    </body>
    </html>
    

    十三、快速进行测试

    到这里,SSM 框架整合程序就已经书写完毕,部署并启动 Tomcat 服务器,然后到浏览器地址栏测试,结果如下:

    项目源码地址:点击这里直接获取源码

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aishangJava/p/10008763.html
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