zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • MySQL中DATE_FORMATE函数内置字符集解析

    今天帮同事处理一个SQL(简化过后的)执行报错:

     代码如下 复制代码
    mysql> select date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d') > timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20');    

                                       

    ERROR 1267 (HY000): Illegal mix of collations (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE) and (latin1_swedish_ci,NUMERIC) for operation '>'


    乍一看挺莫名其妙的,查了下手册,发现有这么一段:

    The language used for day and month www.111cn.net names and abbreviations is controlled by the value of the lc_time_names system variable (Section 9.7, “MySQL Server Locale Support”).

    The DATE_FORMAT() returns a string with a character set and collation given by character_set_connection and collation_connection so that it can return month and weekday names containing non-ASCII characters.


    也就是说,DATE_FORMATE() 函数返回的结果是带有字符集/校验集属性的,而 TIMEDIFF() 函数则没有字符集/校验集属性,我们来验证一下:

     代码如下 复制代码
    mysql> set names utf8;
    mysql> select charset(date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d')), charset(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20'));
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
    | charset(date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d')) | charset(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20')) |
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
    | utf8                                       | binary                                        |
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+

    mysql> set names gb2312;
    mysql> select charset(date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d')), charset(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20'));
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
    | charset(date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d')) | charset(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20')) |
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
    | gb2312                                     | binary                                        |
    +--------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
     

    可以看到,随着通过 SET NAMES 修改 character_set_connection、collation_connection  值,DATE_FORMAT() 函数返回结果的字符集也跟着不一样。在这种情况下,想要正常工作,就需要将结果进行一次字符集转换,例如:

     代码如下 复制代码
    mysql> select date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d') > convert(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20') using utf8);
    +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | date_format('2013-11-19','Y-m-d') > convert(timediff('2013-11-19', '2013-11-20') using utf8) |
    +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    |                                                                                            1 |
    +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    就可以了

    P.S,MySQL的版本:5.5.20-55-log Percona Server (GPL), Release rel24.1, Revision 217

    附后

    下面是函数的参数说明:
    %S, %s 两位数字形式的秒( 00,01, . . ., 59)
    %i 两位数字形式的分( 00,01, . . ., 59)
    %H 两位数字形式的小时,24 小时(00,01, . . ., 23)
    %h, %I 两位数字形式的小时,12 小时(01,02, . . ., 12)
    %k 数字形式的小时,24 小时(0,1, . . ., 23)
    %l 数字形式的小时,12 小时(1, 2, . . ., 12)
    %T 24 小时的时间形式(hh : mm : s s)
    %r 12 小时的时间形式(hh:mm:ss AM 或hh:mm:ss PM)
    %p AM 或P M
    %W 一周中每一天的名称( Sunday, Monday, . . ., Saturday)
    %a 一周中每一天名称的缩写( Sun, Mon, . . ., Sat)
    %d 两位数字表示月中的天数( 00, 01, . . ., 31)
    %e 数字形式表示月中的天数( 1, 2, . . ., 31)
    %D 英文后缀表示月中的天数( 1st, 2nd, 3rd, . . .)
    %w 以数字形式表示周中的天数( 0 = Sunday, 1=Monday, . . ., 6=Saturday)
    %j 以三位数字表示年中的天数( 001, 002, . . ., 366)
    % U 周(0, 1, 52),其中Sunday 为周中的第一天
    %u 周(0, 1, 52),其中Monday 为周中的第一天
    %M 月名(January, February, . . ., December)
    %b 缩写的月名( January, February, . . ., December)
    %m 两位数字表示的月份( 01, 02, . . ., 12)
    %c 数字表示的月份( 1, 2, . . ., 12)
    %Y 四位数字表示的年份
    %y 两位数字表示的年份
    %% 直接值“%”

    更多详细内容请查看:http://www.111cn.net/database/mysql/56671.htm

  • 相关阅读:
    Ibatis中SqlMapClientTemplate和SqlMapClient的区别
    Spring整合Ibatis之SqlMapClientDaoSupport
    iBatis查询时报"列名无效"或"找不到栏位名称"无列名的错误原因及解决方法
    五个程序员求职者的最佳提问
    JVM性能调优指南
    Review software requirements specification and create test scenarios (what to test for a certain functionality)
    Security Testing Test Scenarios
    Performance testing test scenarios
    Test Scenarios for Excel Export functionality
    Test Scenarios for sending emails
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/alibai/p/3521940.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看