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  • PyQuery的基本使用详解

    0.安装:pip3 install pyquery

    1.初始化

    1.字符串初始化

    # 字符串初始化
    html = """
    <div>
        <ul>
            <li class="item-0">first item</li>
            <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
            <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    print(doc('li'))
    

    2.URL初始化

    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(url='http://www.baidu.com')
    print(doc('head'))
    

    3.文件初始化

    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(filename='demo.html')
    print(doc('li'))
    

    2.基本CSS选择器

    html = """
    <div id="container">
        <ul class='list'>
            <li class="item-0">first item</li>
            <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
            <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    print(doc('#container .list li'))
    

    3.查找元素

    1.子元素

    html = """
    <div id="container">
        <ul class='list'>
            <li class="item-0">first item</li>
            <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
            <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
            <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    print(items)
    
    # 查询li标签
    lis = items.find('li')
    print(lis)
    
    # 查询孩子
    lis = items.children()
    print(type(lis))
    print(lis)
    
    # 查询带有'.active'的孩子
    lis = items.children('.active')
    print(lis)
    

    2.父元素

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    print(items)
    
    parents = items.parents()
    print(parents)
    
    parent = items.parents('.wrap')
    print(parent)
    

    3.兄弟元素

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    
    items = doc('.list .item-0.active')
    print(items)
    print(items.siblings())
    print(items.siblings('.active'))
    

    4.遍历

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    # 单个元素
    items = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(items)
    # 遍历元素
    lis = doc('li').items()
    print(lis)
    # <generator object PyQuery.items at 0x0000000003A84468>
    for item in lis:
        print(item)
    

    5.获取信息

    1.获取属性

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    a = doc('.item-0.active a')
    print(a)
    print(a.attr('href'))
    print(a.attr.href)
    

    2.获取文本

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    
    a = doc('.item-0.active a')
    print(a)
    print(a.text())
    

    3.获取HTML

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    print(li.html())
    

    6.DOM操作

    1.addclass、removeclass

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    
    li.removeClass('active')
    print(li)
    
    li.addClass('active')
    print(li)
    

    2. attr、css

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    
    li.attr('name','apollo')
    print(li)
    
    li.css('font-size','14px')
    print(li)
    

    3. remove

    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        Hello World
        <p>This is paragraph</p>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    wrap = doc('.wrap')
    print('移除前:',wrap.text())
    wrap.find('p').remove()
    print('移除后:',wrap.text())
    

    4.其他DOM方法

    https://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html
    

    7.伪类选择器


    html = """
    <div class='wrap'>
        <div id="container">
            <ul class='list'>
                <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    """
    
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('li:first-child')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:last-child')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:nth-child(2)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:gt(2)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:nth-child(2n)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:contains(second)')
    print(li)
    

    官网

    https://pyquery.readthedocs.io

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/apollo1616/p/10403950.html
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