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  • H3CNE学习---STP、RSTP、MSTP生成树协议

    一、STP生成树

      1、介绍

      

      2、stp的操作

      

      3、stp基本命令

    [H3C]undo stp global enable                                         关闭stp
    [H3C]stp priority 0                                                 修改stp优先级
    <H3C>display stp                                                    查看stp基本信息
    -------[CIST Global Info][Mode MSTP]-------
     Bridge ID           : 32768.6c39-795e-0300                         默认优先级(32768)+交换机mac地址
     Bridge times        : Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwdDelay 15s MaxHops 20
     Root ID/ERPC        : 32768.6c39-700e-0100, 20
     RegRoot ID/IRPC     : 32768.6c39-795e-0300, 0
     RootPort ID         : 128.2
     BPDU-Protection     : Disabled
     Bridge Config-
     Digest-Snooping     : Disabled
     TC or TCN received  : 10
     Time since last TC  : 0 days 0h:0m:43s
    
    ----[Port54(FortyGigE1/0/53)][DOWN]----
     Port protocol       : Enabled
     Port role           : Disabled Port
     Port ID             : 128.54
     Port cost(Legacy)   : Config=auto, Active=200000
     Desg.bridge/port    : 32768.6c39-795e-0300, 128.54
     Port edged          : Config=disabled, Active=disabled
     Point-to-Point      : Config=auto, Active=false
     Transmit limit      : 10 packets/hello-time
     TC-Restriction      : Disabled
     Role-Restriction    : Disabled
    <H3C>display stp brief                                              查看端口状态
     MST ID Port Role STP State Protection
     0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE                        root跟端口,forwarding处于转发状态
     0 GigabitEthernet1/0/4 ALTE DISCARDING NONE                        alte备份状态,discarding处于丢弃状
     0 GigabitEthernet1/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE                        desi指定端口,forwarding处于转发状态

       4、交换机每隔两秒发送BPDU报文来交换优先级、mac等地址

      

      5、BPDU封装的信息

      

       6、端口的各个状态

      

       7、端口状态的迁移

      

       8、stp生成树的不足

      

    二、RSTP快速生成树

      1、RSTP介绍

      

       2、RSTP的改进

      

      3、RSTP基本命令

    [H3C]stp mode rstp                                                       开启rstp生成树
    [H3C]display stp                                                         查看stp生成树
    -------[CIST Global Info][Mode RSTP]-------                              mode类型为RSTP
    Bridge ID : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200
    Bridge times : Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwdDelay 15s MaxHops 20
    Root ID/ERPC : 32768.6c39-700e-0100, 20
    RegRoot ID/IRPC : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200, 0
    RootPort ID : 128.2
    BPDU-Protection : Disabled
    Bridge Config-
    Digest-Snooping : Disabled
    TC or TCN received : 2
    Time since last TC : 0 days 0h:0m:32s
    
    ----[Port54(FortyGigE1/0/53)][DOWN]----
    Port protocol : Enabled
    Port role : Disabled Port
    Port ID : 128.54
    Port cost(Legacy) : Config=auto, Active=200000
    Desg.bridge/port : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200, 128.54
    Port edged : Config=disabled, Active=disabled
    Point-to-Point : Config=auto, Active=false
    Transmit limit : 10 packets/hello-time
    TC-Restriction : Disabled
    Role-Restriction : Disabled
    Protection type : Config=none, Active=none
    MST BPDU format : Config=auto, Active=802.1s
    
    [H3C]display stp brief
    MST ID Port Role STP State Protection
    0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
    0 GigabitEthernet1/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE

    三、MSTP多生成树

      1、介绍

      

       2、传统生成树的问题

      

       3、三种生成树协议的比较

      

       4、实例配置

      

          1)每个交换机上创建vlan 10 、vlan20

    [H3C]vlan 10
    [H3C]vlan 20
    [sw3]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2                                
    [sw3-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port link-type trunk                                 所有接口设置为trunk模式
    [sw3-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan all 允许所有vlan通过

        2)设置区域,给区域命名

    [H3C]stp region-configuration          
    [H3C-mst-region]region-name h3c                           给区域取个名字
    [H3C-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10                        将vlan10划到组1
    [H3C-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20                        将vlan20划到组2
    [H3C-mst-region]active region-configuration 激活以上配置

        3)查看以上配置

    [H3C-mst-region]display this
    #
    stp region-configuration
     region-name h3c
     instance 1 vlan 10
     instance 2 vlan 20
     active region-configuration
    #
    return

        4)调整实例根桥

    [sw1]stp instance 1 root primary                          sw1设置为组1的根桥
    [sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary sw1设置组2为备份根桥(可以敲,也可以省略) [sw2]stp instance
    2 root primary sw2设置为组2的根桥

         5)查看sw1验证结果

    [sw1]display stp brief
     MST ID   Port                                Role  STP State   Protection
     0        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE
     0        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE
     1        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE                           对于实例1,sw1的两个接口都为指定接口
     1        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE                           指定接口
     2        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE                           
     2        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                ROOT  FORWARDING  NONE
    
    [sw2]display stp brief
     MST ID   Port                                Role  STP State   Protection
     0        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                ROOT  FORWARDING  NONE
     0        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE
     1        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                ROOT  FORWARDING  NONE
     1        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE
     2        GigabitEthernet1/0/1                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE                           对于实例2,sw2的两个接口都为指定接口
     2        GigabitEthernet1/0/2                DESI  FORWARDING  NONE                           指定接口

      注意1:默认交换机运行的就是MSTP,所有的vlan都在实例0里面

      注意2:默认MSTP里面每个实例单独运行的RSTP

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aqicheng/p/13824682.html
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