下面提供三种计时器的写法供大家参考,大家可以自行选择自己钟爱的使用。
写法一(Spring 包提供的计时器):
1 import java.text.NumberFormat; 2 import java.util.LinkedList; 3 import java.util.List; 4 5 /** 6 * Simple stop watch, allowing for timing of a number of tasks, 7 * exposing total running time and running time for each named task. 8 * 9 * <p>Conceals use of {@code System.currentTimeMillis()}, improving the 10 * readability of application code and reducing the likelihood of calculation errors. 11 * 12 * <p>Note that this object is not designed to be thread-safe and does not 13 * use synchronization. 14 * 15 * <p>This class is normally used to verify performance during proof-of-concepts 16 * and in development, rather than as part of production applications. 17 * 18 * @author Rod Johnson 19 * @author Juergen Hoeller 20 * @author Sam Brannen 21 * @since May 2, 2001 22 */ 23 public class StopWatch { 24 25 /** 26 * Identifier of this stop watch. 27 * Handy when we have output from multiple stop watches 28 * and need to distinguish between them in log or console output. 29 */ 30 private final String id; 31 32 private boolean keepTaskList = true; 33 34 private final List<TaskInfo> taskList = new LinkedList<TaskInfo>(); 35 36 /** Start time of the current task */ 37 private long startTimeMillis; 38 39 /** Is the stop watch currently running? */ 40 private boolean running; 41 42 /** Name of the current task */ 43 private String currentTaskName; 44 45 private TaskInfo lastTaskInfo; 46 47 private int taskCount; 48 49 /** Total running time */ 50 private long totalTimeMillis; 51 52 53 /** 54 * Construct a new stop watch. Does not start any task. 55 */ 56 public StopWatch() { 57 this(""); 58 } 59 60 /** 61 * Construct a new stop watch with the given id. 62 * Does not start any task. 63 * @param id identifier for this stop watch. 64 * Handy when we have output from multiple stop watches 65 * and need to distinguish between them. 66 */ 67 public StopWatch(String id) { 68 this.id = id; 69 } 70 71 72 /** 73 * Return the id of this stop watch, as specified on construction. 74 * @return the id (empty String by default) 75 * @since 4.2.2 76 * @see #StopWatch(String) 77 */ 78 public String getId() { 79 return this.id; 80 } 81 82 /** 83 * Determine whether the TaskInfo array is built over time. Set this to 84 * "false" when using a StopWatch for millions of intervals, or the task 85 * info structure will consume excessive memory. Default is "true". 86 */ 87 public void setKeepTaskList(boolean keepTaskList) { 88 this.keepTaskList = keepTaskList; 89 } 90 91 92 /** 93 * Start an unnamed task. The results are undefined if {@link #stop()} 94 * or timing methods are called without invoking this method. 95 * @see #stop() 96 */ 97 public void start() throws IllegalStateException { 98 start(""); 99 } 100 101 /** 102 * Start a named task. The results are undefined if {@link #stop()} 103 * or timing methods are called without invoking this method. 104 * @param taskName the name of the task to start 105 * @see #stop() 106 */ 107 public void start(String taskName) throws IllegalStateException { 108 if (this.running) { 109 throw new IllegalStateException("Can't start StopWatch: it's already running"); 110 } 111 this.running = true; 112 this.currentTaskName = taskName; 113 this.startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis(); 114 } 115 116 /** 117 * Stop the current task. The results are undefined if timing 118 * methods are called without invoking at least one pair 119 * {@code start()} / {@code stop()} methods. 120 * @see #start() 121 */ 122 public void stop() throws IllegalStateException { 123 if (!this.running) { 124 throw new IllegalStateException("Can't stop StopWatch: it's not running"); 125 } 126 long lastTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - this.startTimeMillis; 127 this.totalTimeMillis += lastTime; 128 this.lastTaskInfo = new TaskInfo(this.currentTaskName, lastTime); 129 if (this.keepTaskList) { 130 this.taskList.add(lastTaskInfo); 131 } 132 ++this.taskCount; 133 this.running = false; 134 this.currentTaskName = null; 135 } 136 137 /** 138 * Return whether the stop watch is currently running. 139 * @see #currentTaskName() 140 */ 141 public boolean isRunning() { 142 return this.running; 143 } 144 145 /** 146 * Return the name of the currently running task, if any. 147 * @since 4.2.2 148 * @see #isRunning() 149 */ 150 public String currentTaskName() { 151 return this.currentTaskName; 152 } 153 154 155 /** 156 * Return the time taken by the last task. 157 */ 158 public long getLastTaskTimeMillis() throws IllegalStateException { 159 if (this.lastTaskInfo == null) { 160 throw new IllegalStateException("No tasks run: can't get last task interval"); 161 } 162 return this.lastTaskInfo.getTimeMillis(); 163 } 164 165 /** 166 * Return the name of the last task. 167 */ 168 public String getLastTaskName() throws IllegalStateException { 169 if (this.lastTaskInfo == null) { 170 throw new IllegalStateException("No tasks run: can't get last task name"); 171 } 172 return this.lastTaskInfo.getTaskName(); 173 } 174 175 /** 176 * Return the last task as a TaskInfo object. 177 */ 178 public TaskInfo getLastTaskInfo() throws IllegalStateException { 179 if (this.lastTaskInfo == null) { 180 throw new IllegalStateException("No tasks run: can't get last task info"); 181 } 182 return this.lastTaskInfo; 183 } 184 185 186 /** 187 * Return the total time in milliseconds for all tasks. 188 */ 189 public long getTotalTimeMillis() { 190 return this.totalTimeMillis; 191 } 192 193 /** 194 * Return the total time in seconds for all tasks. 195 */ 196 public double getTotalTimeSeconds() { 197 return this.totalTimeMillis / 1000.0; 198 } 199 200 /** 201 * Return the number of tasks timed. 202 */ 203 public int getTaskCount() { 204 return this.taskCount; 205 } 206 207 /** 208 * Return an array of the data for tasks performed. 209 */ 210 public TaskInfo[] getTaskInfo() { 211 if (!this.keepTaskList) { 212 throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Task info is not being kept!"); 213 } 214 return this.taskList.toArray(new TaskInfo[this.taskList.size()]); 215 } 216 217 218 /** 219 * Return a short description of the total running time. 220 */ 221 public String shortSummary() { 222 return "StopWatch '" + getId() + "': running time (millis) = " + getTotalTimeMillis(); 223 } 224 225 /** 226 * Return a string with a table describing all tasks performed. 227 * For custom reporting, call getTaskInfo() and use the task info directly. 228 */ 229 public String prettyPrint() { 230 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(shortSummary()); 231 sb.append(' '); 232 if (!this.keepTaskList) { 233 sb.append("No task info kept"); 234 } 235 else { 236 sb.append("----------------------------------------- "); 237 sb.append("ms % Task name "); 238 sb.append("----------------------------------------- "); 239 NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance(); 240 nf.setMinimumIntegerDigits(5); 241 nf.setGroupingUsed(false); 242 NumberFormat pf = NumberFormat.getPercentInstance(); 243 pf.setMinimumIntegerDigits(3); 244 pf.setGroupingUsed(false); 245 for (TaskInfo task : getTaskInfo()) { 246 sb.append(nf.format(task.getTimeMillis())).append(" "); 247 sb.append(pf.format(task.getTimeSeconds() / getTotalTimeSeconds())).append(" "); 248 sb.append(task.getTaskName()).append(" "); 249 } 250 } 251 return sb.toString(); 252 } 253 254 /** 255 * Return an informative string describing all tasks performed 256 * For custom reporting, call {@code getTaskInfo()} and use the task info directly. 257 */ 258 @Override 259 public String toString() { 260 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(shortSummary()); 261 if (this.keepTaskList) { 262 for (TaskInfo task : getTaskInfo()) { 263 sb.append("; [").append(task.getTaskName()).append("] took ").append(task.getTimeMillis()); 264 long percent = Math.round((100.0 * task.getTimeSeconds()) / getTotalTimeSeconds()); 265 sb.append(" = ").append(percent).append("%"); 266 } 267 } 268 else { 269 sb.append("; no task info kept"); 270 } 271 return sb.toString(); 272 } 273 274 275 /** 276 * Inner class to hold data about one task executed within the stop watch. 277 */ 278 public static final class TaskInfo { 279 280 private final String taskName; 281 282 private final long timeMillis; 283 284 TaskInfo(String taskName, long timeMillis) { 285 this.taskName = taskName; 286 this.timeMillis = timeMillis; 287 } 288 289 /** 290 * Return the name of this task. 291 */ 292 public String getTaskName() { 293 return this.taskName; 294 } 295 296 /** 297 * Return the time in milliseconds this task took. 298 */ 299 public long getTimeMillis() { 300 return this.timeMillis; 301 } 302 303 /** 304 * Return the time in seconds this task took. 305 */ 306 public double getTimeSeconds() { 307 return (this.timeMillis / 1000.0); 308 } 309 } 310 311 }
下面写一个调用:
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { // StopWatchTest.test0(); StopWatchTest.test1(); } public static void test1() throws InterruptedException { StopWatch sw = new StopWatch("test"); sw.start("task1"); // do something Thread.sleep(100); sw.stop(); sw.start("task2"); // do something Thread.sleep(200); sw.stop(); System.out.println("sw.prettyPrint()~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"); System.out.println(sw.prettyPrint()); }
运行结果: sw.prettyPrint()~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ StopWatch 'test': running time (millis) = 308 ----------------------------------------- ms % Task name ----------------------------------------- 00104 034% task1 00204 066% task2 ---------------------
start开始记录,stop停止记录,然后通过StopWatch的prettyPrint方法,可直观的输出代码执行耗时,以及执行时间百分比,瞬间感觉比之前的方式高大上了一个档次。
除此之外,还有以下两个方法shortSummary,getTotalTimeMillis,查看程序执行时间。
写法二(apache.commons实现的计时器):
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; /** * <p> * <code>StopWatch</code> provides a convenient API for timings. * </p> * * <p> * To start the watch, call {@link #start()} or {@link StopWatch#createStarted()}. At this point you can: * </p> * <ul> * <li>{@link #split()} the watch to get the time whilst the watch continues in the background. {@link #unsplit()} will * remove the effect of the split. At this point, these three options are available again.</li> * <li>{@link #suspend()} the watch to pause it. {@link #resume()} allows the watch to continue. Any time between the * suspend and resume will not be counted in the total. At this point, these three options are available again.</li> * <li>{@link #stop()} the watch to complete the timing session.</li> * </ul> * * <p> * It is intended that the output methods {@link #toString()} and {@link #getTime()} should only be called after stop, * split or suspend, however a suitable result will be returned at other points. * </p> * * <p> * NOTE: As from v2.1, the methods protect against inappropriate calls. Thus you cannot now call stop before start, * resume before suspend or unsplit before split. * </p> * * <p> * 1. split(), suspend(), or stop() cannot be invoked twice<br> * 2. unsplit() may only be called if the watch has been split()<br> * 3. resume() may only be called if the watch has been suspend()<br> * 4. start() cannot be called twice without calling reset() * </p> * * <p>This class is not thread-safe</p> * * @since 2.0 */ public class StopWatch { private static final long NANO_2_MILLIS = 1000000L; /** * Provides a started stopwatch for convenience. * * @return StopWatch a stopwatch that's already been started. * * @since 3.5 */ public static StopWatch createStarted() { final StopWatch sw = new StopWatch(); sw.start(); return sw; } /** * Enumeration type which indicates the status of stopwatch. */ private enum State { UNSTARTED { @Override boolean isStarted() { return false; } @Override boolean isStopped() { return true; } @Override boolean isSuspended() { return false; } }, RUNNING { @Override boolean isStarted() { return true; } @Override boolean isStopped() { return false; } @Override boolean isSuspended() { return false; } }, STOPPED { @Override boolean isStarted() { return false; } @Override boolean isStopped() { return true; } @Override boolean isSuspended() { return false; } }, SUSPENDED { @Override boolean isStarted() { return true; } @Override boolean isStopped() { return false; } @Override boolean isSuspended() { return true; } }; /** * <p> * The method is used to find out if the StopWatch is started. A suspended * StopWatch is also started watch. * </p> * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is started. */ abstract boolean isStarted(); /** * <p> * This method is used to find out whether the StopWatch is stopped. The * stopwatch which's not yet started and explicitly stopped stopwatch is * considered as stopped. * </p> * * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is stopped. */ abstract boolean isStopped(); /** * <p> * This method is used to find out whether the StopWatch is suspended. * </p> * * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is suspended. */ abstract boolean isSuspended(); } /** * Enumeration type which indicates the split status of stopwatch. */ private enum SplitState { SPLIT, UNSPLIT } /** * The current running state of the StopWatch. */ private State runningState = State.UNSTARTED; /** * Whether the stopwatch has a split time recorded. */ private SplitState splitState = SplitState.UNSPLIT; /** * The start time. */ private long startTime; /** * The start time in Millis - nanoTime is only for elapsed time so we * need to also store the currentTimeMillis to maintain the old * getStartTime API. */ private long startTimeMillis; /** * The stop time. */ private long stopTime; /** * <p> * Constructor. * </p> */ public StopWatch() { super(); } /** * <p> * Start the stopwatch. * </p> * * <p> * This method starts a new timing session, clearing any previous values. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch is already running. */ public void start() { if (this.runningState == State.STOPPED) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch must be reset before being restarted. "); } if (this.runningState != State.UNSTARTED) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch already started. "); } this.startTime = System.nanoTime(); this.startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis(); this.runningState = State.RUNNING; } /** * <p> * Stop the stopwatch. * </p> * * <p> * This method ends a new timing session, allowing the time to be retrieved. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch is not running. */ public void stop() { if (this.runningState != State.RUNNING && this.runningState != State.SUSPENDED) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch is not running. "); } if (this.runningState == State.RUNNING) { this.stopTime = System.nanoTime(); } this.runningState = State.STOPPED; } /** * <p> * Resets the stopwatch. Stops it if need be. * </p> * * <p> * This method clears the internal values to allow the object to be reused. * </p> */ public void reset() { this.runningState = State.UNSTARTED; this.splitState = SplitState.UNSPLIT; } /** * <p> * Split the time. * </p> * * <p> * This method sets the stop time of the watch to allow a time to be extracted. The start time is unaffected, * enabling {@link #unsplit()} to continue the timing from the original start point. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch is not running. */ public void split() { if (this.runningState != State.RUNNING) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch is not running. "); } this.stopTime = System.nanoTime(); this.splitState = SplitState.SPLIT; } /** * <p> * Remove a split. * </p> * * <p> * This method clears the stop time. The start time is unaffected, enabling timing from the original start point to * continue. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch has not been split. */ public void unsplit() { if (this.splitState != SplitState.SPLIT) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch has not been split. "); } this.splitState = SplitState.UNSPLIT; } /** * <p> * Suspend the stopwatch for later resumption. * </p> * * <p> * This method suspends the watch until it is resumed. The watch will not include time between the suspend and * resume calls in the total time. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch is not currently running. */ public void suspend() { if (this.runningState != State.RUNNING) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch must be running to suspend. "); } this.stopTime = System.nanoTime(); this.runningState = State.SUSPENDED; } /** * <p> * Resume the stopwatch after a suspend. * </p> * * <p> * This method resumes the watch after it was suspended. The watch will not include time between the suspend and * resume calls in the total time. * </p> * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch has not been suspended. */ public void resume() { if (this.runningState != State.SUSPENDED) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch must be suspended to resume. "); } this.startTime += System.nanoTime() - this.stopTime; this.runningState = State.RUNNING; } /** * <p> * Get the time on the stopwatch. * </p> * * <p> * This is either the time between the start and the moment this method is called, or the amount of time between * start and stop. * </p> * * @return the time in milliseconds */ public long getTime() { return getNanoTime() / NANO_2_MILLIS; } /** * <p> * Get the time on the stopwatch in the specified TimeUnit. * </p> * * <p> * This is either the time between the start and the moment this method is called, or the amount of time between * start and stop. The resulting time will be expressed in the desired TimeUnit with any remainder rounded down. * For example, if the specified unit is {@code TimeUnit.HOURS} and the stopwatch time is 59 minutes, then the * result returned will be {@code 0}. * </p> * * @param timeUnit the unit of time, not null * @return the time in the specified TimeUnit, rounded down * @since 3.5 */ public long getTime(final TimeUnit timeUnit) { return timeUnit.convert(getNanoTime(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); } /** * <p> * Get the time on the stopwatch in nanoseconds. * </p> * * <p> * This is either the time between the start and the moment this method is called, or the amount of time between * start and stop. * </p> * * @return the time in nanoseconds * @since 3.0 */ public long getNanoTime() { if (this.runningState == State.STOPPED || this.runningState == State.SUSPENDED) { return this.stopTime - this.startTime; } else if (this.runningState == State.UNSTARTED) { return 0; } else if (this.runningState == State.RUNNING) { return System.nanoTime() - this.startTime; } throw new RuntimeException("Illegal running state has occurred."); } /** * <p> * Get the split time on the stopwatch. * </p> * * <p> * This is the time between start and latest split. * </p> * * @return the split time in milliseconds * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch has not yet been split. * @since 2.1 */ public long getSplitTime() { return getSplitNanoTime() / NANO_2_MILLIS; } /** * <p> * Get the split time on the stopwatch in nanoseconds. * </p> * * <p> * This is the time between start and latest split. * </p> * * @return the split time in nanoseconds * * @throws IllegalStateException * if the StopWatch has not yet been split. * @since 3.0 */ public long getSplitNanoTime() { if (this.splitState != SplitState.SPLIT) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch must be split to get the split time. "); } return this.stopTime - this.startTime; } /** * Returns the time this stopwatch was started. * * @return the time this stopwatch was started * @throws IllegalStateException * if this StopWatch has not been started * @since 2.4 */ public long getStartTime() { if (this.runningState == State.UNSTARTED) { throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch has not been started"); } // System.nanoTime is for elapsed time return this.startTimeMillis; } /** * <p> * Gets a summary of the time that the stopwatch recorded as a string. * </p> * * <p> * The format used is ISO 8601-like, <i>hours</i>:<i>minutes</i>:<i>seconds</i>.<i>milliseconds</i>. * </p> * * @return the time as a String */ @Override public String toString() { return DurationFormatUtils.formatDurationHMS(getTime()); } /** * <p> * Gets a summary of the split time that the stopwatch recorded as a string. * </p> * * <p> * The format used is ISO 8601-like, <i>hours</i>:<i>minutes</i>:<i>seconds</i>.<i>milliseconds</i>. * </p> * * @return the split time as a String * @since 2.1 */ public String toSplitString() { return DurationFormatUtils.formatDurationHMS(getSplitTime()); } /** * <p> * The method is used to find out if the StopWatch is started. A suspended * StopWatch is also started watch. * </p> * * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is started. * @since 3.2 */ public boolean isStarted() { return runningState.isStarted(); } /** * <p> * This method is used to find out whether the StopWatch is suspended. * </p> * * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is suspended. * @since 3.2 */ public boolean isSuspended() { return runningState.isSuspended(); } /** * <p> * This method is used to find out whether the StopWatch is stopped. The * stopwatch which's not yet started and explicitly stopped stopwatch is * considered as stopped. * </p> * * @return boolean * If the StopWatch is stopped. * @since 3.2 */ public boolean isStopped() { return runningState.isStopped(); } }
写法三(Scala函数写法):
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory /** * 类功能描述:Debug日志追踪 * * @author barry create at 18-8-29 下午3:41 * @version 1.0.0 */ object Debug { val LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass) val counter = collection.mutable.Map[String, Int]() // label -> count val times = collection.mutable.Map[String, Long]() // label - time(ns) /** *追踪代码块 * @param label 标签名 * @param codeBlock 代码块 * @tparam T 返回结果类型 * @return */ def trace[T](label: String)(codeBlock: => T) = { val t0 = System.nanoTime() val result = codeBlock val t1 = System.nanoTime() counter.get(label).map(_counter => counter.put(label, _counter + 1)).orElse(counter.put(label, 1)) times.get(label).map(cost => times.put(label, cost + (t1 - t0))).orElse(times.put(label, t1 - t0)) result } /** * 打印日志 */ def info(): Unit = { LOGGER.warn("FinallyDone...") LOGGER.warn(s"counter:${counter}") LOGGER.warn(s"times:${times.map { case (label, cost) => (label, cost / 1000000)}}ms") } /** * 重新计数 */ def reset(): Unit = { counter.clear() times.clear() } }
参考下面测试代码:
java版本:
1 /** 2 * @author WangXueXing create at 19-7-31 下午1:46 3 * @version 1.0.0 4 */ 5 public class StopWatchDemo { 6 public static void main(String[] args){ 7 Debug.trace("方法1调用次数及用时", ()->{ 8 try { 9 Thread.sleep(2000); 10 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 11 e.printStackTrace(); 12 } 13 return ""; 14 }); 15 16 Debug.trace("方法1调用次数及用时", ()->{ 17 try { 18 Thread.sleep(2000); 19 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 20 e.printStackTrace(); 21 } 22 return ""; 23 }); 24 25 Debug.trace("方法2调用次数及用时", ()->{ 26 try { 27 Thread.sleep(2000); 28 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 29 e.printStackTrace(); 30 } 31 return 10; 32 }); 33 34 Debug.info(); 35 } 36 }
输出结果:
15:29:32.228 [main] WARN test.Debug$ - FinallyDone... 15:29:32.361 [main] WARN test.Debug$ - counter:Map(方法2调用次数及用时 -> 1, 方法1调用次数及用时 -> 2) 15:29:32.364 [main] WARN test.Debug$ - times:Map(方法2调用次数及用时 -> 2000, 方法1调用次数及用时 -> 4000)ms
scala版本:
/** * @author WangXueXing create at 19-8-1 下午3:40 * @version 1.0.0 */ object StopWatchTest { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { Debug.trace("方法1调用次数及用时")( Thread.sleep(200)) Debug.trace("方法1调用次数及用时")( Thread.sleep(200)) Debug.trace("方法2调用次数及用时")( Thread.sleep(200)) Debug.info() } }
输出结果:
15:43:58.601 [main] WARN test.stopwatch.Debug$ - FinallyDone... 15:43:58.735 [main] WARN test.stopwatch.Debug$ - counter:Map(方法2调用次数及用时 -> 1, 方法1调用次数及用时 -> 2) 15:43:58.739 [main] WARN test.stopwatch.Debug$ - times:Map(方法2调用次数及用时 -> 200, 方法1调用次数及用时 -> 400)ms
对比java版本与scala版本,是不是看到scala的简洁及强大了吧!