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  • Arch Linux Installation Guide

    Arch Linux Installation Guide
     
    timedatectl set-ntp true
     
    sed -i '/Score/{/China/!{n;s/^/#/}}' /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
    pacman -Syy
     
     
    启动模式检查
     
    检查启动模式是否支持UEFI,这将决定在安装 Bootloader 阶段的步骤:
    ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
    --如果如上文件存在,就说明为UEFI,否则为legacy BIOS
     
    lsblk
    parted /dev/sda
     
    # GPT partition
    (parted) mklabel gpt
     
    # MBR partition
    #(parted) mklabel msdos
     
    # below is for MBR partition:
    #(parted) mkpart primary ext4 1M 513M
     
    # for UEFI, we need a efi boot patition
    (parted) mkpart ESP fat32 1M 513M
     
    (parted) set 1 boot on
    (parted) mkpart primary ext4 513M 10G
    (parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 10G 11G
    (parted) mkpart primary ext4 11G 100%
     
    (parted) p  #print 打印分区信息
    (parted) q  # quit 退出
     
     
    ---以下切记 mkfsxxxx 都是在shell中而非parted中进行的,而且以下格式化分区命令parted, cfdisk, xxx等都通用:

    # for boot partition on UEFI
    mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1

    # for boot patition on BIOS
    # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

    mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2
    mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4
    mkswap /dev/sda3

     
    mkdir /mnt/{boot,home}
    mount /dev/sda2 /mnt  #必须先挂载根分区
     
    # mount for boot partition on BIOS
    # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
     
    # mount for boot partition on UEFI
    mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
    mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
     
    mount /dev/sda4 /mnt/home
    swapon /dev/sda3
     
    pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
     
    genfstab -p /mnt > /mnt/etc/fstab
     
    arch-chroot /mnt  /bin/bash
     
    hwclock --systohc --utc
     
    echo LANG="en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
     
    mkinitcpio -p linux
     
    passwd root
     
     ----------------------------
    # for legacy BIOS
    pacman -S grub
    grub-install /dev/sda
    grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
     ----------------------------
     
    # for UEFI BIOS
    pacman -S dosfstools grub efibootmgr
    pacman -S os-prober
    grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=arch_grub --recheck
    //grub-install /dev/sda
    grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
     ----------------------------
     

    echo ArchLinux > /etc/hostname

    nano /etc/hosts

    #<ip-address> <hostname.domain.org> <hostname>
    127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ArchLinux
    ::1 localhost.localdomain localhost ArchLinux

    #打开有线网的dhcp服务,如果不打开,重启系统就上不了网!
    # systemctl start dhcpcd@设备名 -- 这里@后面的设备名为linux系统中本机网卡名
    systemctl enable dhcpcd.service

    # 无线&管理
    pacman -S wpa_supplicant dialog

    exit
    exit

    umount -R /mnt
    reboot

    useradd cmm
    passwd cmm


    #安装 sudo,并把修改sudoers配置文件,把用户加入root管理组
    pacman -S sudo

    打开 /etc/sudoers 文件,找到 root ALL=(ALL) ALL 并依葫芦画瓢添加 cmm ALL=(ALL) ALL 即可。

     

    网络连接:dhcpcd(有线连接)

    无线连接:
    # wifi-menu

    ADSL 宽带连接:
    # pppoe-setup # 配置
    # systemctl start adsl # 连接

    --- 网络
    --- ---------------------------
    有线连接:
    # systemctl start dhcpcd # 连接
    # # systemctl enable dhcpcd 以自动连接

    无线连接:
    # pacman -S iw wpa_supplicant dialog
    # wifi-menu # 连接

    ADSL 宽带连接:
    # pacman -S rp-pppoe
    # pppoe-setup # 配置
    # systemctl start adsl # 连接
    # # systemctl enable adsl 以自动连接

     

    Network configuration (简体中文) - ArchWiki
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Network_configuration_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)


     
    ---到此基本系统就启动好了,然后就是系统xwindow图形界面等的安装了,这个可以参考如下的链接进行安装,比较常用的桌面有:
    Gnome, KDE5, lxde, xfce4, deepin, 还有eos的那套图标主题也可以借过来用,
     
    QQ  -- 用的是deepin的定做的国际版QQ
     
    下载地址如下:

    Index of /deepin/pool/non-free/d/deepinwine-qq/ 

    https://packages.linuxdeepin.com/deepin/pool/non-free/d/

    以下软件都很好用,可以在文章中搜索安装方法:

    一些很好的win+linux通用软件值得一提:
    wps, qq, 有道词典,搜狗输入法,网易云音乐,chrome, steam,深度终端,深度日历
    wiz, Maxthon,
    wineqq, 农历,天气

     
     
    参考:
    Arch Linux 安装、配置、美化和优化 - petercao - 博客园
    http://www.cnblogs.com/bluestorm/p/5929172.html
     

    Virtualbox上面UEFI/GPT安装Archlinux20160222 - 哲学的尽头 - 51CTO技术博客
    http://lucien1970.blog.51cto.com/10670905/1744202

     
    Arch Linux 安装指南[2016.01] / 安装问题 / Arch Linux 中文论坛
    https://bbs.archlinuxcn.org/viewtopic.php?id=1037
     
    ArchLinux 安装笔记 | 雾里看花
    https://blog.ikke.moe/posts/archlinux-installation-notes/
     
    ArchLinux 安装笔记:续 | 雾里看花
    https://blog.ikke.moe/posts/after-installation-of-archlinux/
     
    GRUB/EFI examples (简体中文) - ArchWiki
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB/EFI_examples_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)
     
    Partitioning (简体中文) - ArchWiki
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)
     
    EFI System Partition (简体中文) - ArchWiki
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/EFI_System_Partition_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)
     
    GNU Parted - ArchWiki
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNU_Parted
     
     
    Deepin 桌面安装:
    pacman -S deepin deepin-extra lightdm
     
    #软件
    pacman -S file-roller evince gedit thunderbird gpicview
    pacman -S unrar unzip p7zip
     
     
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bluestorm/p/5930121.html
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