目录
Spring事务
spring声明式事务让我们从复杂的事务处理中得以脱身，我们可以不再去关注获得、关闭连接、事务提交、和回滚操作；简单来说事务可以做到在发生异常时进行回滚。
事务自定义标签
自定义标签
spring事务的开关配置是：tx:annotation-driven/ ，全局搜索："annotation-driven"，可以找到类：
public class TxNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport
@Override
public void init() {
registerBeanDefinitionParser("advice", new TxAdviceBeanDefinitionParser());
// 程序入口
registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation-driven", new AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("jta-transaction-manager", new JtaTransactionManagerBeanDefinitionParser());
}
orgspringframework ransactionconfigAnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser.java 然后我们关注parse方法
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
registerTransactionalEventListenerFactory(parserContext);
String mode = element.getAttribute("mode");
if ("aspectj".equals(mode)) {// 配置mode属性可以实现通过AOP织入事务
// mode="aspectj"
registerTransactionAspect(element, parserContext);
}
else {
// mode="proxy"
// 根据配置文件定义工具类的 beanDefinition 并注册
AopAutoProxyConfigurer.configureAutoProxyCreator(element, parserContext);
}
return null;
}
解析标签
找到真正的入口： AopAutoProxyConfigurer.configureAutoProxyCreator(element, parserContext);
public static void configureAutoProxyCreator(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// 注册 或者升级 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 它实现了接口 BeanPostProcessor，
// (最本质的逻辑是：通过 registry 注册了该后处理器，当从 beanFactory 依据 registory 初始化一个bean的时候，会调用该后处理器，对该 bean 进行事务增强）
// 保证 bean 实例化时会调用后处理器的 postProcessBeforeInitialization 方法。
AopNamespaceUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element);
// beanName ??
String txAdvisorBeanName = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME;
// 判断默认的beanName是否已经解析
if (!parserContext.getRegistry().containsBeanDefinition(txAdvisorBeanName)) {
Object eleSource = parserContext.extractSource(element);
// Create the TransactionAttributeSource definition.
// 创建事务属性 beanDefinition 配置 ？？
RootBeanDefinition sourceDef = new RootBeanDefinition(
"org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource");
sourceDef.setSource(eleSource);
sourceDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
// 注册
String sourceName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(sourceDef);
// Create the TransactionInterceptor definition.
// 拦截器 ？？ 实际调用时调用其invoke方法
RootBeanDefinition interceptorDef = new RootBeanDefinition(TransactionInterceptor.class);
interceptorDef.setSource(eleSource);
interceptorDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
registerTransactionManager(element, interceptorDef);
interceptorDef.getPropertyValues().add("transactionAttributeSource", new RuntimeBeanReference(sourceName));
String interceptorName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(interceptorDef);// 注冊
// Create the TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor definition.
// 切点的 beanDefinition PointcutAdvisor <- AbstractPointcutAdvisor <- AbstractBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor <- BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
RootBeanDefinition advisorDef = new RootBeanDefinition(BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor.class);
advisorDef.setSource(eleSource);
advisorDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("transactionAttributeSource", new RuntimeBeanReference(sourceName));
advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("adviceBeanName", interceptorName);
if (element.hasAttribute("order")) {// 是否配置了order属性
advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("order", element.getAttribute("order"));
}
parserContext.getRegistry().registerBeanDefinition(txAdvisorBeanName, advisorDef);// 注册
CompositeComponentDefinition compositeDef = new CompositeComponentDefinition(element.getTagName(), eleSource);
compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(sourceDef, sourceName));
compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(interceptorDef, interceptorName));
compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(advisorDef, txAdvisorBeanName));
parserContext.registerComponent(compositeDef);
}
}
上述代码的主要工作是注册了三个类：
- 注册：InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
AopNamespaceUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element);
public static void registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(
ParserContext parserContext, Element sourceElement) {
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(
parserContext.getRegistry(), parserContext.extractSource(sourceElement));
useClassProxyingIfNecessary(parserContext.getRegistry(), sourceElement);
registerComponentIfNecessary(beanDefinition, parserContext);
}
@Nullable
public static BeanDefinition registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
// 注册或升级
return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java类图
查看它的类图，很快能找打我们需要重点关注的接口：BeanPostProcessor，看到它，就代表后处理器它来了
public interface BeanPostProcessor {
default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
}
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 它实现了接口 BeanPostProcessor，保证 bean 初始化时会调用后处理器中定义的方法。
(最本质的逻辑是：如果在容器组件中注册了该后处理器，当从 beanFactory 初始化一个bean的时候，就会调用该后处理器，对需要初始化 bean 进行事务增强）
- 其中有两个类被注册到了类 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 中,从它的类图中我们可以看到它继承自：Advisor 故事即将开始；
BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor.java 类图
以它为根基通过AOP增强的方式最终实现事务功能，它以beanName：org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor 注册到了容器组件中。
- 被注册的两个类之一是：AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource 注册的beanName 为：transactionAttributeSource ，(它是增强和方法是否匹配的实际处理类,后续会提到它)
AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource.java类图
- 另一个类被注册到BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 中的类是：TransactionInterceptor，注册的beanName为：adviceBeanName；
TransactionInterceptor.java类图：
从它的类图我们可以找到，它实现了接口：MethodInterceptor，看到这个接口我们就该想到方法 invoke()；
bean 的初始化
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
注册的三个类中，第一个登上舞台的是类 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
跟随类 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的继承体系解构，在它上游的类：AbstractAutoProxyCreator 中发现了如下的定义：
很容发现了我们的老朋友：wrapIfNecessary() 自打学习 AOP 我们就认识了它
// 初始化后 后处理器<增强>
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (bean != null) {
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (this.earlyProxyReferences.remove(cacheKey) != bean) {// 避免循环依赖，提前暴露 ？？
// 如果需要增强 则需要封装指定的 bean (代理该bean)
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}
进入该方法的逻辑：
// 要么返回bean 要么返回被代理后的bean-proxy
protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
return bean;// 已经处理过 返回
}
// advisedBeans : 需要被增强的
if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
return bean;// 不需要增强返回
}
// 不需要被代理的类：基础类，或者设置了不需代理的类
if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
// Create proxy if we have advice.
// 获取所有需要被增强的方法 ?? 获取增强切点，(且适用)
Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {// 存在增强方法，则创建代理
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
// 对获取到的需要增强的方法进行代理
Object proxy = createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));// 单例
this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
return proxy;
}
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
获取增强方法
我们在类AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator：中找到了获取增强方法的定义
protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(
Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, @Nullable TargetSource targetSource) {
// 根据 Class 以及 beanName 获取增强，(且适用)
List<Advisor> advisors = findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);
if (advisors.isEmpty()) {
return DO_NOT_PROXY;
}
return advisors.toArray();
}
在大体实现上根AOP 基本类似：
protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
// AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator 类覆盖了该方法
List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();// 获取所有的增强 （所有 拦截||切点？？？）
List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);// 寻找适用于当前 Bean 的增强
extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
}
return eligibleAdvisors;
}
在获取所有增强的 findCandidateAdvisors() 方法内部找到了如下代码：
BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(this.beanFactory, Advisor.class, true, false);
我们可看到，它提取了所有的实现了 Advisor 接口的类，到这里我们会议一下，解析事务开关标签的时候，是不是注册了三个类，其中有两个类就注册到了：BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
而它的继承体系中刚好就有：Advisor，自此我们注册的另外两个类将会通过 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 一一登录舞台。
获取所有增强中内适用于当前方法的增强
跟随方法 findAdvisorsThatCanApply()以及参数candidateAdvisors，找到如下方法：
public static List<Advisor> findAdvisorsThatCanApply(List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors, Class<?> clazz) {
if (candidateAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
return candidateAdvisors;
}
List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = new ArrayList<>();
// 处理引介增强
for (Advisor candidate : candidateAdvisors) {
if (candidate instanceof IntroductionAdvisor && canApply(candidate, clazz)) {
eligibleAdvisors.add(candidate);// 适合 ？？ 拦截条件成立？？
}
}
boolean hasIntroductions = !eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty();
for (Advisor candidate : candidateAdvisors) {
// 跳过引介增强（已处理）
if (candidate instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {
// already processed
continue;
}
// 普通 bean 处理
if (canApply(candidate, clazz, hasIntroductions)) {
eligibleAdvisors.add(candidate);
}
}
return eligibleAdvisors;
}
根据 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 的类图我们可以很明确知道，它的继承结构中并没有：IntroductionAdvisor，那么进入下面的逻辑：
canApply() 方法判断增强是否适用当前方法：
public static boolean canApply(Advisor advisor, Class<?> targetClass, boolean hasIntroductions) {
if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor) {
return ((IntroductionAdvisor) advisor).getClassFilter().matches(targetClass);
}
else if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {
PointcutAdvisor pca = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;
return canApply(pca.getPointcut(), targetClass, hasIntroductions);
}
else {
// It doesn't have a pointcut so we assume it applies.
return true;
}
}
很明显 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 继承自：PointcutAdvisor
else if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) {
PointcutAdvisor pca = (PointcutAdvisor) advisor;
return canApply(pca.getPointcut(), targetClass, hasIntroductions);
}
跟随上述几行代码，我在类 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 类中找到了getPointcut() 方法：
private final TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut pointcut = new TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut() {
@Override
@Nullable
protected TransactionAttributeSource getTransactionAttributeSource() {
return transactionAttributeSource;
}
};
定睛一看：你说巧不巧，它返回的：TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut，实现了一个回调 getTransactionAttributeSource()方法，
它返回的就是 transactionAttributeSource。回到开始，解析事务标签注册了三个类，两个被注册到：BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor
transactionAttributeSource 就是那二者之一，它对应的bean就是：AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource。
继续深入方法：canApply(pca.getPointcut(), targetClass, hasIntroductions);
public static boolean canApply(Pointcut pc, Class<?> targetClass, boolean hasIntroductions) {
..........
MethodMatcher methodMatcher = pc.getMethodMatcher();
IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher introductionAwareMethodMatcher = null;
if (methodMatcher instanceof IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) {
introductionAwareMethodMatcher = (IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher) methodMatcher;
}
...............
for (Class<?> clazz : classes) {
Method[] methods = ReflectionUtils.getAllDeclaredMethods(clazz);
for (Method method : methods) {
if (introductionAwareMethodMatcher != null ?
introductionAwareMethodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass, hasIntroductions) :
methodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass)) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
经过上文，我们得知：pc的实际类型是： TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut
TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut.java类图
跟随它的类图，我们在类：StaticMethodMatcherPointcut 中找到了 getMethodMatcher() 方法的实现
@Override
public final MethodMatcher getMethodMatcher() {
return this;
}
根据它的类型我么可以确定表达式：
introductionAwareMethodMatcher != null
? introductionAwareMethodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass, hasIntroductions)
: methodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass)
最终执行的是后者：methodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass)。
类 TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut中找到了 matches的实现：
@Override
public boolean matches(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
if (targetClass != null && TransactionalProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
return false;
}
// 注册的类定义 transactionAttributeSource AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
return (tas == null || tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) != null);
}
这里我们见到了回调方法：getTransactionAttributeSource()， 最终：tas 的实际类型为：AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource，
表达式 methodMatcher.matches(method, targetClass) 最终判定的是：
(tas == null || tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) != null)
跟随 AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource.getTransactionAttribute 继续往下，
在父类AbstractFallbackTransactionAttributeSource中找到方法：computeTransactionAttribute() ，至此我们终于看到了提取事务声明的方法：
protected TransactionAttribute computeTransactionAttribute(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
Method specificMethod = AopUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, targetClass);
// 查看方法中是否存在事务声明
TransactionAttribute txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(specificMethod);
if (txAttr != null) {
return txAttr; }
// 查看方法所在类是否存在事务声明
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(specificMethod.getDeclaringClass());
if (txAttr != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {
return txAttr; }
// specificMethod != method 代表存在接口，去接口中找
if (specificMethod != method) {
// 查找接口实现方法 ？？
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(method);
if (txAttr != null) {
return txAttr; }
// 查找接口实现类 ？？
txAttr = findTransactionAttribute(method.getDeclaringClass());
if (txAttr != null && ClassUtils.isUserLevelMethod(method)) {
return txAttr; }
}
return null;
}
最后在 AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource 类中找到 findTransactionAttribute() 方法的定义：
protected TransactionAttribute findTransactionAttribute(Class<?> clazz) {
return determineTransactionAttribute(clazz);
}
protected TransactionAttribute findTransactionAttribute(Method method) {
return determineTransactionAttribute(method);
}
protected TransactionAttribute determineTransactionAttribute(AnnotatedElement element) {
// annotationParsers (SpringTransactionAnnotationParser)
for (TransactionAnnotationParser annotationParser : this.annotationParsers) {
TransactionAttribute attr = annotationParser.parseTransactionAnnotation(element);
if (attr != null) {
return attr;
}
}
return null;
}
走到此处，你可能懵逼了：this.annotationParsers是个啥，我没有注册过它啊？ 查看类 AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource 的构造器：
public AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource(boolean publicMethodsOnly) {
this.publicMethodsOnly = publicMethodsOnly;
if (jta12Present || ejb3Present) {
this.annotationParsers = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
this.annotationParsers.add(new SpringTransactionAnnotationParser());
if (jta12Present) {
this.annotationParsers.add(new JtaTransactionAnnotationParser());
}
if (ejb3Present) {
this.annotationParsers.add(new Ejb3TransactionAnnotationParser());
}
}
else {
this.annotationParsers = Collections.singleton(new SpringTransactionAnnotationParser());
}
}
最终集合 this.annotationParsers 被初始化为：SpringTransactionAnnotationParser 的集合；从中，我们来到了此行的终点：
@Override
@Nullable
public TransactionAttribute parseTransactionAnnotation(AnnotatedElement element) {
// 注解工具类，提取注解 ??
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotationAttributes(
element, Transactional.class, false, false);
if (attributes != null) {
return parseTransactionAnnotation(attributes);
}
else {
return null;
}
}
// 获取注解标记
protected TransactionAttribute parseTransactionAnnotation(AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
RuleBasedTransactionAttribute rbta = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
Propagation propagation = attributes.getEnum("propagation");
rbta.setPropagationBehavior(propagation.value());
Isolation isolation = attributes.getEnum("isolation");
rbta.setIsolationLevel(isolation.value());
rbta.setTimeout(attributes.getNumber("timeout").intValue());// 超时 ？？
rbta.setReadOnly(attributes.getBoolean("readOnly"));// 只读 ？？
rbta.setQualifier(attributes.getString("value"));//
// 回滚 ？？
List<RollbackRuleAttribute> rollbackRules = new ArrayList<>();
for (Class<?> rbRule : attributes.getClassArray("rollbackFor")) {
rollbackRules.add(new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule));
}
for (String rbRule : attributes.getStringArray("rollbackForClassName")) {
rollbackRules.add(new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule));
}
for (Class<?> rbRule : attributes.getClassArray("noRollbackFor")) {
rollbackRules.add(new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule));
}
for (String rbRule : attributes.getStringArray("noRollbackForClassName")) {
rollbackRules.add(new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule));
}
rbta.setRollbackRules(rollbackRules);
return rbta;
}
自此事务标签的解析完成,剩下的是对增强的具体实现
TransactionInterceptor 事务增强的实现
应该还记得有两个类被注册到BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor 中，我们已经讲到了，AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource，
它的作用是处理增强是否匹配当前方法。 (换句话说，方法是是否能提取到事务标签即可证明是否适用增强)
剩下一个还未提到的类是：TransactionInterceptor，
不多说，关门放类图：
TransactionInterceptor.java 类图
从继承的体系结构，可以很容易得知他是一个拦截器，那么直接看invoke的定义：
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
// Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.
// The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
// as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
// Adapt to TransactionAspectSupport's invokeWithinTransaction...
return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, invocation::proceed);// 继续
}
protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass,
final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable {
// If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
// 获取事务属性 <增强信息>
final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null);
// transactionManager
final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
// 切点信息 ？？ - 构造方法唯一标识: 全限定类名.方法名()
final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);
// 声明式事务处理
if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
// Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
// 创建事务
TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
Object retVal;
try {
// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
// 执行被增强的方法
retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// 出现异常，处理回滚 默认仅仅回滚 RunTimeException
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
// clear
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
// 提交事务 <不论是否回滚都需要提交事务到恰当的状态>
// 对于内嵌事务不会直接提交，会将事务结果设置保存点，当最外层事务也正常执行后，由最外层事务统一提交
commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
return retVal;
}
}
创建事务：
// 创建事务
protected TransactionInfo createTransactionIfNecessary(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager tm,
@Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr, final String joinpointIdentification) {
// If no name specified, apply method identification as transaction name.
if (txAttr != null && txAttr.getName() == null) {
// 包装器？？
txAttr = new DelegatingTransactionAttribute(txAttr) {
@Override
public String getName() {
return joinpointIdentification;
}
};
}
TransactionStatus status = null;
if (txAttr != null) {
if (tm != null) {
// 事务状态 ？？
status = tm.getTransaction(txAttr);// DataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction();
}
else {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Skipping transactional joinpoint [" + joinpointIdentification +
"] because no transaction manager has been configured");
}
}
}
// 准备并封装事务信息
return prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
}
处理事务准备工作，事务获取以及信息构建：
public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException {
Object transaction = doGetTransaction();// 获取事务 ，基于JDBC创建事务实例，如果当前线程已经记录了连接，可以复用
// Cache debug flag to avoid repeated checks.
boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
if (definition == null) {
// Use defaults if no transaction definition given.
definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
}
if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) {// 当前线程已经存在事务，且连接不为空，连接中的 transactionActive 不为空
// Existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to behave.
return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled);// 当前线程存在事务，转向嵌套事务的处理
}
// Check definition settings for new transaction.
// 事务超时设置验证
if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {
throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout());
}
// No existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to proceed.
// 当前线程不存在事务，且 propagationBehavior 被声明为：PROPAGATION_MANDATORY 则抛出异常
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) {// 强制性的，但是当前线程没有事务，所以抛出异常
throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
"No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");
}
else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED ||// 需要？？
definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW ||// 需要一个新的？？
definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {// 嵌套
// 上述类型，他们都需要新建事务
// 空挂起 ？？
SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null);
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Creating new transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]: " + definition);
}
try {
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
// 构造事务，设置connectionHolder、隔离级别、超时、如果是新连接则需要绑定到当前线程 (委托给低层的连接完成)
doBegin(transaction, definition);// 数据库连接设置，新(新生成，或者记录被清空无记录) 连接记录到当前线程
// 新同步事务的设置？？ 针对当前线程进行设置
prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
return status;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
resume(null, suspendedResources);
throw ex;
}
}
else {
// Create "empty" transaction: no actual transaction, but potentially synchronization.
if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Custom isolation level specified but no actual transaction initiated; " +
"isolation level will effectively be ignored: " + definition);
}
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);
return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
}
}
数据库连接设置：
protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) {
DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;
Connection con = null;
try {
// 当前线程没有绑定连接或者设置了同步事务
if (!txObject.hasConnectionHolder() ||
txObject.getConnectionHolder().isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) {
Connection newCon = obtainDataSource().getConnection();
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Acquired Connection [" + newCon + "] for JDBC transaction");
}
txObject.setConnectionHolder(new ConnectionHolder(newCon), true);// 新连接
}
txObject.getConnectionHolder().setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true);// 修改connectionHolder 的事务标记
con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
// 设置隔离级别
Integer previousIsolationLevel = DataSourceUtils.prepareConnectionForTransaction(con, definition);
txObject.setPreviousIsolationLevel(previousIsolationLevel);
// Switch to manual commit if necessary. This is very expensive in some JDBC drivers,
// so we don't want to do it unnecessarily (for example if we've explicitly
// configured the connection pool to set it already).
if (con.getAutoCommit()) {// 更改自动提交设置，由spring控制提交
txObject.setMustRestoreAutoCommit(true);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Switching JDBC Connection [" + con + "] to manual commit");
}
con.setAutoCommit(false);
}
prepareTransactionalConnection(con, definition);
txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTransactionActive(true);// 设置当前线程存在事务
int timeout = determineTimeout(definition);
if (timeout != TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {// 设置连接绑定到事务的过期时间 ？？
txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTimeoutInSeconds(timeout);
}
// Bind the connection holder to the thread.
if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {// 连接是否为新的连接 ？？ 如果是绑定到当前线程
TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(obtainDataSource(), txObject.getConnectionHolder());
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {
DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, obtainDataSource());
txObject.setConnectionHolder(null, false);
}
throw new CannotCreateTransactionException("Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction", ex);
}
}
处理已经存在的事务：
private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(
TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)
throws TransactionException {// 处理已经存在的事务
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NEVER) {// never 抛异常
throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
"Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'");
}
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {// supported
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Suspending current transaction");
}
Object suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);// always
return prepareTransactionStatus(
definition, null, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
}
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {// requires_new
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +
definition.getName() + "]");
}
SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);// 挂起旧事务
try {
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);// 创建新事务
DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
doBegin(transaction, definition);
prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
return status;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error beginEx) {
resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);
throw beginEx;
}
}
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {// nested 嵌套式事务处理
if (!isNestedTransactionAllowed()) {
throw new NestedTransactionNotSupportedException(
"Transaction manager does not allow nested transactions by default - " +
"specify 'nestedTransactionAllowed' property with value 'true'");
}
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Creating nested transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]");
}
if (useSavepointForNestedTransaction()) {
// Create savepoint within existing Spring-managed transaction,
// through the SavepointManager API implemented by TransactionStatus.
// Usually uses JDBC 3.0 savepoints. Never activates Spring synchronization.
// 没有保存点，在嵌套式事务建立初始保存点 存档？？
DefaultTransactionStatus status =
prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, false, debugEnabled, null);
status.createAndHoldSavepoint();
return status;
}
else {
// Nested transaction through nested begin and commit/rollback calls.
// Usually only for JTA: Spring synchronization might get activated here
// in case of a pre-existing JTA transaction.
// 不能使用保存点的时候，新建事务
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
doBegin(transaction, definition);
prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
return status;
}
}
// Assumably PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS or PROPAGATION_REQUIRED.
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Participating in existing transaction");
}
if (isValidateExistingTransaction()) {
if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT) {
Integer currentIsolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();
if (currentIsolationLevel == null || currentIsolationLevel != definition.getIsolationLevel()) {
Constants isoConstants = DefaultTransactionDefinition.constants;
throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
definition + "] specifies isolation level which is incompatible with existing transaction: " +
(currentIsolationLevel != null ?
isoConstants.toCode(currentIsolationLevel, DefaultTransactionDefinition.PREFIX_ISOLATION) :
"(unknown)"));
}
}
if (!definition.isReadOnly()) {
if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()) {
throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +
definition + "] is not marked as read-only but existing transaction is");
}
}
}
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);
}
回滚
protected void completeTransactionAfterThrowing(@Nullable TransactionInfo txInfo, Throwable ex) {
if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) {// 判断存在事务
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() +
"] after exception: " + ex);
}
// 默认实现： (ex instanceof RuntimeException || ex instanceof Error)
if (txInfo.transactionAttribute != null && txInfo.transactionAttribute.rollbackOn(ex)) {
try {
txInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
}
catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
ex2.initApplicationException(ex);
throw ex2;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex2) {
logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
throw ex2;
}
}
else {
// We don't roll back on this exception.
// Will still roll back if TransactionStatus.isRollbackOnly() is true.
// 当不满足 rollbackOn 的回滚条件时，抛异常也会提交事务
try {
txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
}
catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
ex2.initApplicationException(ex);
throw ex2;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex2) {
logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
throw ex2;
}
}
}
}
回滚处理：
private void processRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status, boolean unexpected) {
try {
boolean unexpectedRollback = unexpected;
try {
// 自定义触发器的调用
// 激活所有 TransactionSynchronization 中的 beforeCompletion方法
triggerBeforeCompletion(status);
if (status.hasSavepoint()) {// 回滚到保存点 ?? 常用于嵌套事务，内层事务异常回滚不会影响到外层事务
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Rolling back transaction to savepoint");
}
// 保存点依赖于底层的数据库连接
status.rollbackToHeldSavepoint();// 如果有保存点，当前事务为单独的线程(单独的事务)，会退到保存点
}
else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {// 当前事务为独立的新事务，直接回滚
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Initiating transaction rollback");
}
doRollback(status);
}
else {// 没有保存点，且不是独立的新事务，那么标记状态，等到事务链执行完后统一回滚 (都不提交)
// Participating in larger transaction
if (status.hasTransaction()) {
if (status.isLocalRollbackOnly() || isGlobalRollbackOnParticipationFailure()) {
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - marking existing transaction as rollback-only");
}
doSetRollbackOnly(status);
}
else {
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - letting transaction originator decide on rollback");
}
}
}
else {
logger.debug("Should roll back transaction but cannot - no transaction available");
}
// Unexpected rollback only matters here if we're asked to fail early
if (!isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {
unexpectedRollback = false;
}
}
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
throw ex;
}
// 自定义触发器的调用
// 激活所有 TransactionSynchronization 中的 afterCompletion方法
triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);
// Raise UnexpectedRollbackException if we had a global rollback-only marker
if (unexpectedRollback) {
throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(
"Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");
}
}
finally {
cleanupAfterCompletion(status);// 清空记录的资源，例如记录到线程的连接 ； 将挂起的资源恢复，例如：嵌套事务。
}
}
事务提交
public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
if (status.isCompleted()) {// 事务已经完成，在此提交抛出异常
throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(
"Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");
}
DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;
if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) {// 事务链 中标记了回滚，那么直接回滚，不再尝试提交事务
if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Transactional code has requested rollback");
}
processRollback(defStatus, false);
return;
}
if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) {//
if (defStatus.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Global transaction is marked as rollback-only but transactional code requested commit");
}
processRollback(defStatus, true);
return;
}
// 处理提交逻辑
processCommit(defStatus);
}
处理提交逻辑：
private void processCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
try {
boolean beforeCompletionInvoked = false;
try {
boolean unexpectedRollback = false;
prepareForCommit(status);// 预留钩子
triggerBeforeCommit(status);// 提交前触发器激活
triggerBeforeCompletion(status);// 完成前触发器 ？？
beforeCompletionInvoked = true;
if (status.hasSavepoint()) {// 存在保存点？？
if (status.isDebug()) {// 事务正常执行完毕，释放(清除)保存点
logger.debug("Releasing transaction savepoint");
}
unexpectedRollback = status.isGlobalRollbackOnly();
status.releaseHeldSavepoint();
}
else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {// 独立的新事务，直接提交
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Initiating transaction commit");
}
unexpectedRollback = status.isGlobalRollbackOnly();
doCommit(status);// 提交事务 调用底层的数据库连接
}// 不被spring管理的事务 ？？ 无法设置保存点的事务 ？？ 设置回滚标识
else if (isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {// 事务链中的某个事务被设置了回滚标记，那么直接回滚
unexpectedRollback = status.isGlobalRollbackOnly();
}
// Throw UnexpectedRollbackException if we have a global rollback-only
// marker but still didn't get a corresponding exception from commit.
if (unexpectedRollback) {// 回滚标识
throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(
"Transaction silently rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");
}
}
catch (UnexpectedRollbackException ex) {
// can only be caused by doCommit
triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);
throw ex;
}
catch (TransactionException ex) {
// can only be caused by doCommit
if (isRollbackOnCommitFailure()) {
doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex);
}
else {
triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);
}
throw ex;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
if (!beforeCompletionInvoked) {
triggerBeforeCompletion(status);
}
doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex);// 提交过程中出现异常，回滚
throw ex;
}
// Trigger afterCommit callbacks, with an exception thrown there
// propagated to callers but the transaction still considered as committed.
try {
triggerAfterCommit(status);// 提交事务后的触发器
}
finally {
// 事务完成后的触发器
triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED);
}
}
finally {
cleanupAfterCompletion(status);// 事务完成后进行清理
}
}