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  • LeetCode: LRU Cache

    LeetCode: LRU Cache

    Design and implement a data structure for Least Recently Used (LRU) cache. It should support the following operations: get and set.

     

    get(key) - Get the value (will always be positive) of the key if the key exists in the cache, otherwise return -1.
    set(key, value) - Set or insert the value if the key is not already present. When the cache reached its capacity, it should invalidate the least recently used item before inserting a new item.

    地址:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/lru-cache/

    算法:根据题目的意思是让我们模拟LRU算法(最近最常使用算法)。采用一个链表list来表示cache,这样方便删除链表中的任意元素,以及插入头节点元素。另外使用一个map来索引链表中的每一个关键值,这样能够快速的找到链表中关键值相对应的位置。算法实现三个函数:第一个为构造函数,用来设置cache的容量;第二个get函数,用于取得关键值key对应的value值,首先查找cache,如果未找到该key值,返回-1,如果找到该key值,则将该key对应的元素移到链表的头节点,并更新索引值;第三个函数为set函数,用于设置关键值key对应的value值,首先查找cache,如果找到该key值,则设置该key值对应的value值,并把该key值移到链表的头部,并更新索引值,如果没找到且cache容量还未到达最大值,则在链表的头部插入该key值,并且插入该key值对应的索引值,如果没找到且cache容量已经达到最大值,则根据LRU算法原则,删除链表的最后一个节点同时删除其索引值,然后将该key值插入链表头部,并插入索引值。代码:

     1 class LRUCache{
     2 public:
     3     LRUCache(int capacity) {
     4         cap = capacity;
     5     }
     6     
     7     int get(int key) {
     8         map<int,Iter>::iterator it = index_map.find(key);
     9         if(it == index_map.end()){
    10             return -1;
    11         }
    12         Iter p = it->second;
    13         int val = it->second->second;
    14         cache.push_front(*p);
    15         it->second = cache.begin();
    16         cache.erase(p);
    17         return val;
    18     }
    19     
    20     void set(int key, int value) {
    21         map<int,Iter>::iterator it = index_map.find(key);
    22         if (it != index_map.end()){
    23             cache.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
    24             cache.erase(it->second);
    25             it->second = cache.begin();
    26             return ;
    27         }
    28         if (cap > cache.size()){
    29             cache.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
    30             index_map[key] = cache.begin();
    31             return ;
    32         }
    33         index_map.erase(cache.back().first);
    34         cache.pop_back();
    35         cache.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
    36         index_map[key] = cache.begin();
    37     }
    38     typedef list<pair<int,int> >::iterator Iter;
    39     list<pair<int,int> > cache;
    40     map<int,Iter> index_map;
    41     int cap;
    42 };

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/boostable/p/leetcode_lru_cache.html
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