Cobbler服务器系统: CentOS 6.6 64位
Cobbler版本: cobbler-2.6.11
IP地址：192.168.166.136
1、安装epel库
rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
2、安装依赖包
yum -y install cobbler tftp tftp-server xinetd dhcp httpd rsync pykickstart debmirror python-ctypes cman
3、配置http
sed -i 's/^#ServerName www.example.com:80/ServerName 0.0.0.0:80/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf chkconfig httpd on /etc/init.d/httpd start
4、配置tftp和rsync
sed -i 's/disable = yes/disable = no/g' /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template sed -i 's/disable = yes/disable = no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/rsync chkconfig xinetd on /etc/init.d/xinetd start
5、配置cobbler相关参数
[root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i 's/^@dists/#@dists/g;s/^@arches/#@arches/g' /etc/debmirror.conf #生成root密码的密文，cobber客户端使用，该机器也必须能使用这个密码，否则执行cobbler sync/cobbler get-loaders报登录失败 [root@VM_166_136 kickstarts]# openssl passwd -1 -salt '' '123456' $1$$RmyPVMlhpXjJj8iv4w.Ul. [root@VM_166_136 ~]#vi /etc/cobbler/settings default_password_crypted: "$1$$RmyPVMlhpXjJj8iv4w.Ul." [root@VM_166_136 ~]#IP=$(ifconfig |grep -A 2 "eth0 " |grep 'inet addr'|awk '{print $2}'|awk -F: '{print $2}') [root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i "s/^next_server.*$/next_server: $IP/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i "s/^server.*$/server: $IP/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i "s/^manage_dhcp.*$/manage_dhcp: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i "s/^pxe_just_once.*$/pxe_just_once: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@VM_166_136 ~]#sed -i "s/^manage_rsync.*$/manage_rsync: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings #查看修改的配置 [root@VM_166_136 ~]#grep -E "^default_password_crypted|^next_server|^server|^pxe_just_once|^manage_rsync|^manage_dhcp" /etc/cobbler/settings
6、配置dhcp服务器
#修改subnet信息 [root@VM_166_136 ~]#vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template subnet 192.168.166.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #option routers 192.168.166.1; option domain-name-servers 192.168.166.2; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; range dynamic-bootp 192.168.166.10 192.168.166.60; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; next-server $next_server; class "pxeclients" { match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient"; if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 { filename "ia64/elilo.efi"; } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 { filename "grub/grub-x86.efi"; } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 { filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi"; } else { filename "pxelinux.0"; } } } [root@VM_166_136 ~]#echo "DHCPDARGS=eth0" >/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
#检查cobber配置是否有误 ------下面这个问题，已确认有该文件，不知道为什么还是提示。。我这里忽略
[root@VM_166_136 kickstarts]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : file /etc/xinetd.d/rsync does not exist
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
chkconfig dhcpd on
chkconfig cobblerd on
cobbler get-loaders
service cobblerd start
cobbler sync
#测试dhcp服务器配置是否正确
dhcpd
service dhcpd start
设置cobbler相关服务启动脚本
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/cobbler #!/bin/sh # chkconfig: - 80 90 # description:cobbler case $1 in start) /etc/init.d/httpd start /etc/init.d/xinetd start /etc/init.d/dhcpd start /etc/init.d/cobblerd start ;; stop) /etc/init.d/httpd stop /etc/init.d/xinetd stop /etc/init.d/dhcpd stop /etc/init.d/cobblerd stop ;; restart) /etc/init.d/httpd restart /etc/init.d/xinetd restart /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart ;; status) /etc/init.d/httpd status /etc/init.d/xinetd status /etc/init.d/dhcpd status /etc/init.d/cobblerd status ;; sync) cobbler sync ;; *) echo "Input error,please in put 'start|stop|restart|status|sync'!"; exit 2>&1 >/dev/null & ;; esac chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/cobbler chkconfig cobbler on service cobbler restart
7、制作镜像
mkdir -p /data/iso/tmp rz -be #上传ios至/data/iso目录 mount -t iso9660 -o loop /data/iso/CentOS-6.6-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /data/iso/tmp #将iso导入到cobber,切记必须切换到/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror执行,该目录开启了http访问 cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror cobbler import --path=/data/iso/tmp --name=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
8、设置kickstarts安装配置文件
#定制系统安装及脚本设置,重要 #1、不支持中文,切记 #2、不支持bash里面的转义字符 #3、自定义脚本，请使用http的方式执行 cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks # kickstart template for Fedora 8 and later. # (includes %end blocks) # do not use with earlier distros #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T # System authorization information auth --useshadow --enablemd5 # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Use text mode install text # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --disable # System keyboard keyboard us # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 # Use network installation url --url=$tree # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here. $yum_repo_stanza # Network information $SNIPPET('network_config') # Reboot after installation reboot #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed autopart %pre $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre') $SNIPPET('kickstart_start') $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config') # Enable installation monitoring $SNIPPET('pre_anamon') %end %packages $SNIPPET('func_install_if_enabled') %end %post --nochroot $SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot') %end %post $SNIPPET('log_ks_post') # Start yum configuration $yum_config_stanza # End yum configuration $SNIPPET('post_install_kernel_options') $SNIPPET('post_install_network_config') $SNIPPET('func_register_if_enabled') $SNIPPET('download_config_files') $SNIPPET('koan_environment') $SNIPPET('redhat_register') $SNIPPET('cobbler_register') # Enable post-install boot notification $SNIPPET('post_anamon') # Start final steps $SNIPPET('kickstart_done') # End final steps # Custom scripts cd /root wget http://192.168.166.136/cobbler/ks_mirror/config/custom.sh sh custom.sh %end
#设置自定义脚本，用于定制
[root@VM_166_136 kickstarts]# cat /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config/custom.sh #!/bin/bash date >>/tmp/date.log
cobbler常用命令
#查看当前配置文件
cobbler profile report
#修改profile,默认是/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks 配置文件,必须
cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 --distro=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.6-x86_64.ks
#指定安装的配置文件,需要时候,才使用
cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS-5.10-x86_64
#查看Cobbler列表
cobbler list
#查看所有参数
cobbler report
#查看配置文件相关参数
cobbler profile report
#查看distro列表
cobbler distro list
#修改cobber 客户端的默认启动项
[root@VM_166_136 kickstarts]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default DEFAULT menu PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io TIMEOUT 60 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 #ONTIMEOUT local ONTIMEOUT CentOS-6.6-x86_64 LABEL local MENU LABEL (local) LOCALBOOT -1 LABEL CentOS-6.6-x86_64 kernel /images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL CentOS-6.6-x86_64 MENU DEFAULT append initrd=/images/CentOS-6.6-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.166.136/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.6-x86_64 ipappend 2 MENU end
到这里，新建的虚拟机，已经可以自动安装操作系统了。
9、重新安装系统
在需要重装系统的服务器上安装koan 1.安装epel库 rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 2.安装koan yum -y install koan.noarch 3.查看Cobbler服务器系统镜像列表 koan --list=profiles --server=192.168.166.136 4.查看Cobbler服务器系统镜像列表 koan --replace-self --server=192.168.166.136 --profile=CentOS-6.6-x86_64 5.重新启动系统进行自动安装 reboot
Kickstart: /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
cobbler相关配置文件: /etc/cobbler
cobbler数据存储目录: /var/www/cobbler
dhcp配置文件: /etc/dhcpd.conf
dhcp租期缓存文件: /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases
pxe配置文件: /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
cobbler日志:
/var/log/cobbler/install.log #客户端系统安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log #cobbler日志