refer to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX
refer to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_file_types
Linux文件:
1、文件名称严格区分字符大小写;
2、文件可以使用除了/以外任意字符;
3、文件名长度不能超过255字符;
4、以.开头的文件为隐藏文件;
.:当前目录;
..:当前目录的上一级目录;
/etc/sysconfig/
.:sysconfig
..:/etc
Linux系统上的文件类型:
-:常规文件;即f;
d:directory,目录文件;
b:block device,块设备文件,支持以”block“为单位进行随机访问;
c:character device,字符设备文件,支持以”character“为单位进行线性访问;
major number:主设备号,用标识设备类型,进而确定要加载的驱动程序
minor number:次设备号,用于标识同一类型中的不用的设备;
8位二进制:0-255
l:symbolic link,符号链接文件;
p:pipe,命名管道;
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-ipc/part1/
s:socket,套接字文件;
-rwxrw-r-- 10 root root 2048 Jan 13 07:11 afile.exe ?UUUGGGOOOS 00 UUUUUU GGGGGG #### ^-- date stamp and file name are obvious ;-) ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ | | | | | | | | --- File Size | | | | | | | -------- Group Name (for example, Users, Administrators, etc) | | | | | | --------------- Owner Acct | | | | | ---------------------- Link count (what constitutes a "link" here varies) | | | | --------------------------- Alternative Access (blank means none defined, anything else varies) | --------------------------------- Read, Write and Special access modes for [U]ser, [G]roup, and [O]thers (everyone else) ------------------------------------- File type flag