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  • Android 实现个性的ViewPager切换动画 实战PageTransformer(兼容Android3.0以下)

    转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/40411921,本文出自:【张鸿洋的博客】

    1、概述

    之前写过一篇博文:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果有兄弟提出,ViewPager自带了一个setPageTransformer用于设置切换动画~

    本篇博文,将:

    1、介绍如何使用setPageTransformer设置切换动画;

    2、自定义PageTransformer实现个性的切换动画;

    3、该方法在SDK11以下的版本不起作用,我们会对其做一定修改,让其向下兼容。

    官方示例地址:http://developer.android.com/training/animation/screen-slide.html 有兴趣的可以去看看~~


    好了,下面开始编写代码~~

    2、setPageTransformer的使用

    首先我们迅速的实现一个传统的ViewPager效果~

    1、布局文件

    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >
    
        <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
            android:id="@+id/id_viewpager"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent" />
    
    </RelativeLayout>

    2、MainActivity

    package com.zhy.demo_zhy_08_viewpageranim;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
    import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.view.Window;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.ImageView.ScaleType;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity
    {
    	private ViewPager mViewPager;
    	private int[] mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.guide_image1,
    			R.drawable.guide_image2, R.drawable.guide_image3 };
    	private List<ImageView> mImageViews = new ArrayList<ImageView>();
    
    	@Override
    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    	{
    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    
    		requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
    		initData();
    
    		mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpager);
    
    		mViewPager.setAdapter(new PagerAdapter()
    		{
    			@Override
    			public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position)
    			{
    
    				container.addView(mImageViews.get(position));
    				return mImageViews.get(position);
    			}
    
    			@Override
    			public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position,
    					Object object)
    			{
    
    				container.removeView(mImageViews.get(position));
    			}
    
    			@Override
    			public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object)
    			{
    				return view == object;
    			}
    
    			@Override
    			public int getCount()
    			{
    				return mImgIds.length;
    			}
    		});
    
    	}
    
    	private void initData()
    	{
    		for (int imgId : mImgIds)
    		{
    			ImageView imageView = new ImageView(getApplicationContext());
    			imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
    			imageView.setImageResource(imgId);
    			mImageViews.add(imageView);
    		}
    	}
    
    }
    

    好了,这样一个传统ViewPager就实现了~~大家对上面代码应该不会有任何陌生的感觉~运行效果也不用贴图了,大家肯定知道~~

    3、PageTransformer

    ViewPager有个方法叫做:

    setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) 用于设置ViewPager切换时的动画效果,并且google官方还给出了两个示例。

    只需要在上述代码中调用setPageTransformer即可添加切换动画效果~~下面演示google的两个PageTransformer的代码,以及运行效果。

    1、DepthPageTransformer

    public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
        private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;
    
        public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
            int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
    
            if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
                // This page is way off-screen to the left.
                view.setAlpha(0);
    
            } else if (position <= 0) { // [-1,0]
                // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
                view.setAlpha(1);
                view.setTranslationX(0);
                view.setScaleX(1);
                view.setScaleY(1);
    
            } else if (position <= 1) { // (0,1]
                // Fade the page out.
                view.setAlpha(1 - position);
    
                // Counteract the default slide transition
                view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
    
                // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
                float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE
                        + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - Math.abs(position));
                view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
                view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
    
            } else { // (1,+Infinity]
                // This page is way off-screen to the right.
                view.setAlpha(0);
            }
        }
    }

    调用代码:

    mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new DepthPageTransformer());

    效果:


    2、ZoomOutPageTransformer

    package com.zhy.view;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    
    public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
    {
    	private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;
    	private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;
    
    	@SuppressLint("NewApi")
    	public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    	{
    		int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
    		int pageHeight = view.getHeight();
    
    		Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");
    
    		if (position < -1)
    		{ // [-Infinity,-1)
    			// This page is way off-screen to the left.
    			view.setAlpha(0);
    
    		} else if (position <= 1) //a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
    		{ // [-1,1]
    			// Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
    			float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));
    			float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
    			float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
    			if (position < 0)
    			{
    				view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);
    			} else
    			{
    				view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
    			}
    
    			// Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
    			view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
    			view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
    
    			// Fade the page relative to its size.
    			view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA + (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE)
    					/ (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));
    
    		} else
    		{ // (1,+Infinity]
    			// This page is way off-screen to the right.
    			view.setAlpha(0);
    		}
    	}
    }

    调用代码:

    mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new ZoomOutPageTransformer());

    效果:



    效果图都是google官网上的,我们的测试图会在兼容3.0以下贴出来,不然就重复了~~

    为ViewPager添加切换就一行代码是不是很happy,可惜是不兼容3.0以下的版本的,该方法的注释上写到:

    setting a PageTransformer prior to Android 3.0 (API 11) will have no effect 在3.0之前的版本设置此方法是没有效果的,那么下面我们就看如何让其兼容3.0以下版本。

    3、版本的向下兼容

    1、不兼容的原因

    首先看下为什么不兼容,3.0以下呢?

    看上面的两个示例代码,代码中View的动画使用的是属性动画,而属性动画是3.0才推出的,那么这么写肯定是不兼容3.0以下了~

    那么我们首先引入nineoldandroids,让动画先能在3.0以下跑再说:

    修改DepthPageTransformer

    package com.zhy.view;
    
    import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
    import android.view.View;
    
    public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
    {
    	private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;
    
    	public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    	{
    		int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
    
    		if (position < -1)
    		{ // [-Infinity,-1)
    			// This page is way off-screen to the left.
    			// view.setAlpha(0);
    			ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
    		} else if (position <= 0)// a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
    		{ // [-1,0]
    			// Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
    			// view.setAlpha(1);
    			ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
    			// view.setTranslationX(0);
    			ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, 0);
    			// view.setScaleX(1);
    			ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, 1);
    			// view.setScaleY(1);
    			ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, 1);
    
    		} else if (position <= 1)
    		{ // (0,1]
    			// Fade the page out.
    			// view.setAlpha(1 - position);
    			ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1 - position);
    
    			// Counteract the default slide transition
    			// view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
    			ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, pageWidth * -position);
    
    			// Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
    			float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - position);
    			// view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
    			ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, scaleFactor);
    			// view.setScaleY(1);
    			ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, scaleFactor);
    
    		} else
    		{ // (1,+Infinity]
    			// This page is way off-screen to the right.
    			// view.setAlpha(0);
    			ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
    		}
    	}
    }

    很简单,把所有属性动画换成ViewHelper去设置就好了。现在我们去3.0以下的机子上去运行,发现还是没有效果~~~

    为什么呢?

    我们再去看看setPageTransformer的源码:

     public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
                final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
                final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
                mPageTransformer = transformer;
                setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
                if (hasTransformer) {
                    mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
                } else {
                    mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
                }
                if (needsPopulate) populate();
            }
        }

    终于发现原因了,原来在此方法内部判断了如果是11以上的版本才让动画生效~~

    那么,没办法了,如果想兼容,必须修改ViewPager的源码了~~

    2、完美向下兼容

    我们将ViewPager的源码拷贝一份至我们的项目中,修改名称为ViewPagerCompat;然后注释掉SDK版本判断那一句

    public class ViewPagerCompat extends ViewGroup {

    public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {
    //        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) 
            {
                final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
                final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
                mPageTransformer = transformer;
                setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
                if (hasTransformer) {
                    mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
                } else {
                    mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
                }
                if (needsPopulate) populate();
            }
        }
    ...
    }

    注意,所有的PageTransformer使用ViewPager.PageTransformer

    然后我们把项目中的ViewPager改为ViewPagerCompat;记得修改布局文件,以及MainActivity中的ViewPager为ViewPagerCompat

    我们在2.3.3的模拟器上测试下效果:



    可以看到,我们的切换动画完美的运行在2.3.3的机器上~~so happy ~~没有ViewPager源码的童鞋不要紧,我会在文末的源码下载中加入ViewPager源码,让你可以尽情去测试~~

    当然了,仅仅是兼容当然不能满足我们的好奇心,难道我们做到了兼容,还只能使用Google给的示例动画么~~我们强大的创新呢~~下面带领大家分析setPageTransformer方法,然后设计一个个性的动画切换效果

    4、自定义PageTransformer实现个性切换动画

     public interface PageTransformer {
            /**
             * Apply a property transformation to the given page.
             *
             * @param page Apply the transformation to this page
             * @param position Position of page relative to the current front-and-center
             *                 position of the pager. 0 is front and center. 1 is one full
             *                 page position to the right, and -1 is one page position to the left.
             */
            public void transformPage(View page, float position);
        }

    可以看到该接口只有一个方法,第一个是我们的view,第二个是position~~

    当我们滑动时:会打印出当然ViewPager中存活的每个View以及它们的position的变化~~注意是每一个,所以建议别只log position,不然你会觉得莫名其妙的输出~~

    position的可能性的值有,其实从官方示例的注释就能看出:

    [-Infinity,-1)  已经看不到了

    (1,+Infinity] 已经看不到了

     [-1,1] 

    重点看[-1,1]这个区间 , 其他两个的View都已经看不到了~~


    假设现在ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页,则:

    A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

    B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

    知道了我们滑动时position的变化~~那么就开始设计我们的个性的切换效果;

    官方给的例子,有变化透明度、偏移量、缩放的,我们准备来个不一样的,我们变化角度,即rotation;

    大概的效果是这样的:


    下面我们分析代码:

    我们设置View的旋转中心为:

    ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
    ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());

    依然是ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页

    那么A页应当在滑动过程中0度到-20度的偏移,B页应当在滑动过程中+20度到0度的偏移

    结合

    A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

    B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

    那么旋转的角度即:mRot = (20 * position); A页 mRot :0 ,~ -20 ; B页 mRot :20 ~ 0  ;

    瞬间觉得好简单:

    完整代码:

    package com.zhy.view;
    
    import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    
    public class RotateDownPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
    {
    	
    	private static final float ROT_MAX = 20.0f;
    	private float mRot;
    	
    
    	
    	public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    	{
    
    		Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");
    
    		if (position < -1)
    		{ // [-Infinity,-1)
    			// This page is way off-screen to the left.
    			ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);
    
    		} else if (position <= 1) // a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 ~ -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
    		{ // [-1,1]
    			// Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
    			if (position < 0)
    			{
    
    				mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
    				ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
    				ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
    				ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
    			} else
    			{
    
    				mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
    				ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
    				ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
    				ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
    			}
    
    			// Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
    
    			// Fade the page relative to its size.
    
    		} else
    		{ // (1,+Infinity]
    			// This page is way off-screen to the right.
    			ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);
    		}
    	}
    }

    你没看错,if else 里面代码是一样的,为了好理解特意没有合并到一起~~~

    到此,我们从setPageTransformer使用,到修改ViewPager做到向下兼容,直至自己定义出个性的切换效果 都已经介绍完毕~~

    大家可以发挥自己的创造力,做出各种神奇的动画效果,ok,就到这里!

    如果你喜欢自定义ViewPager来实现,请移步:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果



    源码点击下载


    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/dingxiaoyue/p/4924877.html
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