在OSX狮子(Lion)上安装MYSQL(Install MySQL on Mac OSX)

这篇文章简述了在Mac OSX狮子(Lion)上安装MySQL Community Server最新版本v10.6.7的过程.

MySQL是最流行的开源数据库管理系统。首先，从MySQL的下载页面上下载适用于你机器环境的MySQL版本。比如，对于Mac OSX狮子，可以下载64位版本的mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.dmg。MySQL的详细安装说明在MySQL参考手册(MySQL Reference Manual)的安装和升级(Installing and Upgrading)章。MySQL参考手册可以在MySQL文档页面上在线阅读或下载。

下面是针对mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.dmg的安装流程。下载这个文件后，双击装载(Mount)这个硬盘镜像. 如下图所示，这个镜像包含三个可安装项目。

第一项mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.pkg是MySQL应用程序本身。双击这个文件开始安装。安装的过程很直接，所以就不详述了。如果遇到问题，可以从ReadMe.txt文件中寻找答案。

在安装完MySQL后，可以选择安装其它的两个项目。MySQL.prefPance在系统偏好设置(SystemPreferences)中创建一个MySQL项目(如图1所示)。用户可以通过它启动和停止MySQL服务器(如图2所示)。

如果你想让MySQL在系统启动时自动启动，就必须用第三个包MySQLStartupItem.pkg安装MySQL自动启动模块(MySQL Startup Item)。双击MySQLStartupItem.pkg即开始安装。安装的过程很直接，如果遇到问题，可以从ReadMe.txt文件中寻找答案。MySQL自动启动模块被装在/Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM目录. 这个模块还在系统配置文件'/etc/hostconfig'中添加了一项'MySQLCOM=YES-' 。如果不想自动启动MySQL，可以将这一项设为NO，即'MySQLCOM=NO-'.

图1：在系统偏好设置中的MySQL项目

双击MySQL图标会打开MySQL控制面版.

图2：在系统偏好设置中启动/停止MySQL服务器

用MySQL启动项目(MySQL Startup Item)开始和停止MySQL服务器

除了可以在系统偏好设置中开始和停止MySQL服务器外，也可以用MySQL启动项目(MySQL Startup Item)做同样的操作。如果要启动MySQL服务器，可以用下面的命令。

shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM start
(可能需要输入密码)

停止MySQL服务器则用下面的命令。

shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM stop

为用户'root'设置密码

MySQL缺省有一个用户'root'。MySQL安装后，用户'root'的密码为空。你可以用下面的命令设置'root'的密码。

shell> mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD

新密码设置完成后，你可以用下面的命令或phpAdmin登陆到MySQL。然后，你可以在MySQL的命令行环境中重运行MySQL的命令(例如 'show databases')以确认系统安装正确。

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 364
Server version: 5.1.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[转到中文版本]

This articles describes how to install the latest version v5.5.22 of MySQL Community Server on Mac OSX Lion (v10.6.7).

MySQL is the most popular open source database management system. To install MySQL, first download the version that suits your enviroment from MySQL's downloading page. For example, for my Mac OSX Lion laptop, I downloaded mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.dmg.  MySQL's installation instructions can be found in the Installing and Upgrading chapter of MySQL's Reference Manual, which can be viewed online or downloaded on MySQL's documentation page.

Specifically, to install MySQL via mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.dmg, double-click to mount this disk image. As shown below, this disk image contains three installable items.

The first item, mysql-5.5.22-osx10.6-x86_64.pkg, is the MySQL application itself. Double-click this package file and then follow the instructions to install MySQL. It is a straightforward process. If you see any erros, please check ReadMe.txt for special case handlings.

After installing MySQL, you can optionally install the other two items. MySQL.prefPance creates an entry in "System Preferences" so that you can start/stop MySQL service from "System Preferences" pane. To install, double-click MySQL.prefPane. If the installation succeeds, you should see an entry in "System Preferences", as shown below.

MySQLStartupItem.pkg should be installed if you want MySQL to start automatically during system startup. Double-click this package file and follow the instructions. The installation process is also quite straightforward. Consult ReadMe.txt for error handlings. The Startup Item is installed into /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM. It also adds an entry 'MySQLCOM=YES-' in the system configuration file '/etc/hostconfig'. To disable automatic startup, you can set 'MySQLCOM=NO-'.

Double-click MySQL icon will open the MySQL pane.

Start/Stop MySQL Server Using MySQL Startup Item

In addition to start/stop MySQL server from "System Preferences" pane, you can also start/stop it using MySQL Startup Item. To start the server, type the following command in a shell window.

shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM start
(ENTER PASSWORD, IF NECESSARY)

To stop the MySQL server, use the following command.

shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM stop

Set the password for the user 'root'

By default, MySQL has a user 'root' with empty password. After installation completes, you can reset the password by running the following command

shell> mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD

After setting the password, log in to the MySQL server in the shell command or using phpAdmin

shell> mysql -u root --password=NEWPASSWORD test

If log in succeeds, you should see some outputs like below. You can run some sql commands (e.g., 'show databases') to verify MySQL is working properly.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 364
Server version: 5.1.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)