微信是个坑货4-网页授权

功能：认证服务号通过网页授权获取用户信息

--公众号后台配置

》此次设置的是网页授权域名,设置成你调试的域名或者正式备案的域名（不带http或https）。

--自定义菜单设置

设置参数：

appid：微信公众号的appid

uri：微信网页授权后跳转的网页（该uri需经过UrlEncode编码）

scope：此处使用 snsapi_userinfo方式

关于网页授权的两种scope的区别说明

1、以snsapi_base为scope发起的网页授权，是用来获取进入页面的用户的openid的，并且是静默授权并自动跳转到回调页的。用户感知的就是直接进入了回调页（往往是业务页面）

2、以snsapi_userinfo为scope发起的网页授权，是用来获取用户的基本信息的。但这种授权需要用户手动同意，并且由于用户同意过，所以无须关注，就可在授权后获取该用户的基本信息。

--授权步骤

1 第一步：用户同意授权，获取code
2 第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token
3 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要）
4 第四步：拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)

--后台代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Xml;

namespace wxweb.Areas.wechatPage.Controllers
{
  
    public class service_PersonalController : Controller
    {
       
        // GET: wechatPage/service_Personal
        public ActionResult Index()
        {

            //--------------微信oauth授权---------------
            wxPlatForm.OAuth.wechatOAuth oauth = new wxPlatForm.OAuth.wechatOAuth();
           
            oauth.appid = appid;//微信公众号的appid
            oauth.secret = secret;//微信公众号的AppSecret
            oauth.get_code();//获取token及userinfo信息
            if (oauth.o_user != null)
            {
                //获取用户信息成功，继续逻辑业务操作
            }
            else
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Error", "service_Personal");
            }
            //--------------end微信oauth授权---------------
            return View();
        }


    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace wxPlatForm.OAuth
{
    public class wechatOAuth
    {
        /// <summary>  
        /// 公众号的唯一标识  
        /// </summary>  
        public string appid;
        /// <summary>  
        /// 公众号的appsecret  
        /// </summary>  
        public string secret;

        public OAuthAccess_Token o_token;

        public OAuthUser o_user;

        private string code;
        
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取code
        /// </summary>
        public void get_code() {
            try
            {
                code = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["Code"];
                
                if (code != ""&&code!=null) {
                    get_access_token();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过code换取网页授权access_token
        /// </summary>
        public void get_access_token() {
            Dictionary<string, string> obj = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            var client = new System.Net.WebClient();
            var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid={0}&secret={1}&code={2}&grant_type=authorization_code", appid, secret, code);
            client.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
            string dataaccess = "";
            try
            {
                dataaccess = client.DownloadString(url);
                //获取字典
                obj = serializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(dataaccess);
                string accessToken = "";
                if (obj.TryGetValue("access_token", out accessToken))  //判断access_Token是否存在
                {
                     o_token =new OAuthAccess_Token {
                        access_token=obj["access_token"],
                        expires_in =Convert.ToInt32( obj["expires_in"]),
                        refresh_token = obj["refresh_token"],
                        openid = obj["openid"],
                        scope = obj["scope"]
                    };
                    if (o_token.scope == "snsapi_userinfo") {
                        get_userinfo(o_token.access_token, o_token.openid);
                    }
                }
                else  //access_Token 失效时重新发送。
                {
                    //存log方法
                    common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt("access_token 获取失败，time："+DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString());
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                //存log方法
                common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt(e.Message);
            }
           
          
        }


       
        /// <summary>
        /// 拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="access_token">网页授权接口调用凭证,注意：此access_token与基础支持的access_token不同</param>
        /// <param name="access_token">    用户的唯一标识</param>
        public void get_userinfo(string access_token,string openid) {
           
            Dictionary<string, object> obj = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            var client = new System.Net.WebClient();
            JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token={0}&openid={1}&lang=zh_CN", access_token, openid);
            client.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
            string dataaccess = "";
            try
            {
                
                dataaccess = client.DownloadString(url);
             
                obj = serializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, object>>(dataaccess);
                object user_openid = "";
                if (obj.TryGetValue("openid", out user_openid))  //判断access_Token是否存在
                {
                     o_user = new OAuthUser
                    {
                        openid = obj["openid"].ToString(),
                        nickname = obj["nickname"].ToString(),
                        sex =Convert.ToInt32( obj["sex"]),
                        province = obj["province"].ToString(),
                        city = obj["city"].ToString(),
                        country = obj["country"].ToString(),
                        headimgurl = obj["headimgurl"].ToString(),
                        privilege =obj["privilege"].ToString(),
                        unionid =""
                     };
                   
                }
                else  //access_Token 失效时重新发送。
                {
                    //存log方法
                    common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt("用户信息 获取失败，time：" + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString());
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                //存log方法
                common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt(e.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 检验授权凭证（access_token）是否有效
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="appid">公众号的唯一标识</param>  
        /// <param name="refresh_token">填写通过access_token获取到的refresh_token参数</param>
        public void refresh_access_token(string refresh_token) {

            Dictionary<string, string> obj = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            var client = new System.Net.WebClient();
            var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/refresh_token?appid={0}&grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token={1}", this.appid, refresh_token);
            client.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
            string dataaccess = "";
            try
            {
                dataaccess = client.DownloadString(url);
                //获取字典
                obj = serializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(dataaccess);
                string accessToken = "";
                if (obj.TryGetValue("access_token", out accessToken))  //判断access_Token是否存在
                {
                    OAuthAccess_Token o_token = new OAuthAccess_Token
                    {
                        access_token = obj["access_token"],
                        expires_in = Convert.ToInt32(obj["expires_in"]),
                        refresh_token = obj["refresh_token"],
                        openid = obj["openid"],
                        scope = obj["scope"]
                    };
                    if (o_token.scope == "snsapi_userinfo")
                    {
                        get_userinfo(o_token.access_token, o_token.openid);
                    }
                }
                else  //access_Token 失效时重新发送。
                {
                    //存log方法
                    common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt("access_token 获取失败，time：" + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString());
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                //存log方法
                common.CommonMethod.WriteTxt(e.Message);
            }


        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 刷新access_token（如果需要）
        /// </summary>
        public void check_access_token()
        {

        }

    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace wxPlatForm.OAuth
{
    public class OAuthAccess_Token
    {
        public string access_token { get; set; }
        public int expires_in { get; set; }
        public string refresh_token { get; set; }
        /// <summary>  
        /// 用户针对当前公众号的唯一标识  
        /// 关注后会产生，返回公众号下页面也会产生  
        /// </summary>  
        public string openid { get; set; }
        public string scope { get; set; }
        /// <summary>  
        /// 当前用户的unionid，只有在用户将公众号绑定到微信开放平台帐号后  
        /// </summary>  
        public string unionid { get; set; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace wxPlatForm.OAuth
{
    /// <summary>  
    /// 授权之后获取用户基本信息  
    /// </summary>  
    public class OAuthUser
    {
        public string openid { get; set; }
        public string nickname { get; set; }
        public int sex { get; set; }
        public string province { get; set; }
        public string city { get; set; }
        public string country { get; set; }
        public string headimgurl { get; set; }
        /// <summary>  
        /// 用户特权信息，json 数组  
        /// </summary>  
        //public JArray privilege { get; set; }
        public string privilege { get; set; }
        public string unionid { get; set; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace common
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 通用方法类
    /// </summary>
    public class CommonMethod
    {
      

        #region 记录bug，以便调试
        /// <summary>
        /// 记录bug，以便调试
        /// </summary>
        public static bool WriteTxt(string str)
        {
            try
            {
                string LogPath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("/err_log/");
                if (!Directory.Exists(LogPath))
                {
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(LogPath);
                }
                FileStream FileStream = new FileStream(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("/err_log//xiejun_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString() + "_.txt"), FileMode.Append);
                StreamWriter StreamWriter = new StreamWriter(FileStream);
                //开始写入
                StreamWriter.WriteLine(str);
                //清空缓冲区
                StreamWriter.Flush();
                //关闭流
                StreamWriter.Close();
                FileStream.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
        #endregion

     
    }
}