做软件开发的人都知道：接触真正底层系统驱动的的机会很少(做网络驱动的除外哦)，上周和同事一起在一块物理机的办卡上安装centerOS6.5(至于为啥安装6.5版本的，只能说厂商要求的)，遇到了一个持续好几天的问题：拔掉U盘后，物理机启动不了。博友们可能会说，bootleader安装在了U盘上，改一下启动项设置就可以了，如果整的是这么简单的话，那就好了。另外自己也接触了网络安装系统的方式，尽管失败了，但是感觉学到了很多东西。下面说正事儿：
系统安装好以后：有序物理机上有好几块网卡，但是不知道系统中网络配置的网卡序号和那个网卡接口对应。这里就需要使用ethtool这个工具了。下面来介绍以下这个工具的参数及意义：使用ethtool -h可以看到该工具的参数里表及代表的意思
root@ubuntu:~# ethtool -h
ethtool version 4.5
Usage:
ethtool DEVNAME Display standard information about device eg:ethtool eth0（这里需要你使用ifconfig 命令查看dev的名字）
ethtool -s|--change DEVNAME Change generic options
[ speed %d ] eg:ethtool -s eth0 [speed = 100 | 1000] 设置网口速率
[ duplex half|full ] eg:设置网口半双工/全双工
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ]
[ mdix auto|on|off ]
[ autoneg on|off ] eg:设置网口是否自协商
[ advertise %x ]
[ phyad %d ]
[ xcvr internal|external ]
[ wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d... ]
[ sopass %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x ]
[ msglvl %d | msglvl type on|off ... ]
ethtool -a|--show-pause DEVNAME Show pause options
ethtool -A|--pause DEVNAME Set pause options
[ autoneg on|off ]
[ rx on|off ]
[ tx on|off ]
ethtool -c|--show-coalesce DEVNAME Show coalesce options
ethtool -C|--coalesce DEVNAME Set coalesce options
[adaptive-rx on|off]
[adaptive-tx on|off]
[rx-usecs N]
[rx-frames N]
[rx-usecs-irq N]
[rx-frames-irq N]
[tx-usecs N]
[tx-frames N]
[tx-usecs-irq N]
[tx-frames-irq N]
[stats-block-usecs N]
[pkt-rate-low N]
[rx-usecs-low N]
[rx-frames-low N]
[tx-usecs-low N]
[tx-frames-low N]
[pkt-rate-high N]
[rx-usecs-high N]
[rx-frames-high N]
[tx-usecs-high N]
[tx-frames-high N]
[sample-interval N]
ethtool -g|--show-ring DEVNAME Query RX/TX ring parameters
ethtool -G|--set-ring DEVNAME Set RX/TX ring parameters
[ rx N ]
[ rx-mini N ]
[ rx-jumbo N ]
[ tx N ]
ethtool -k|--show-features|--show-offload DEVNAME Get state of protocol offload and other features
ethtool -K|--features|--offload DEVNAME Set protocol offload and other features
FEATURE on|off ...
ethtool -i|--driver DEVNAME Show driver information
ethtool -d|--register-dump DEVNAME Do a register dump
[ raw on|off ]
[ file FILENAME ]
ethtool -e|--eeprom-dump DEVNAME Do a EEPROM dump
[ raw on|off ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
ethtool -E|--change-eeprom DEVNAME Change bytes in device EEPROM
[ magic N ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
[ value N ]
ethtool -r|--negotiate DEVNAME Restart N-WAY negotiation
ethtool -p|--identify DEVNAME Show visible port identification (e.g. blinking)
[ TIME-IN-SECONDS ]
ethtool -t|--test DEVNAME Execute adapter self test
[ online | offline | external_lb ]
ethtool -S|--statistics DEVNAME Show adapter statistics
ethtool --phy-statistics DEVNAME Show phy statistics
ethtool -n|-u|--show-nfc|--show-ntuple DEVNAME Show Rx network flow classification options or rules
[ rx-flow-hash tcp4|udp4|ah4|esp4|sctp4|tcp6|udp6|ah6|esp6|sctp6 |
rule %d ]
ethtool -N|-U|--config-nfc|--config-ntuple DEVNAME Configure Rx network flow classification options or rules
rx-flow-hash tcp4|udp4|ah4|esp4|sctp4|tcp6|udp6|ah6|esp6|sctp6 m|v|t|s|d|f|n|r... |
flow-type ether|ip4|tcp4|udp4|sctp4|ah4|esp4
[ src %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ dst %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ proto %d [m %x] ]
[ src-ip %d.%d.%d.%d [m %d.%d.%d.%d] ]
[ dst-ip %d.%d.%d.%d [m %d.%d.%d.%d] ]
[ tos %d [m %x] ]
[ l4proto %d [m %x] ]
[ src-port %d [m %x] ]
[ dst-port %d [m %x] ]
[ spi %d [m %x] ]
[ vlan-etype %x [m %x] ]
[ vlan %x [m %x] ]
[ user-def %x [m %x] ]
[ dst-mac %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ action %d ]
[ loc %d]] |
delete %d
ethtool -T|--show-time-stamping DEVNAME Show time stamping capabilities
ethtool -x|--show-rxfh-indir|--show-rxfh DEVNAME Show Rx flow hash indirection and/or hash key
ethtool -X|--set-rxfh-indir|--rxfh DEVNAME Set Rx flow hash indirection and/or hash key
[ equal N | weight W0 W1 ... ]
[ hkey %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:.... ]
ethtool -f|--flash DEVNAME Flash firmware image from the specified file to a region on the device
FILENAME [ REGION-NUMBER-TO-FLASH ]
ethtool -P|--show-permaddr DEVNAME Show permanent hardware address
ethtool -w|--get-dump DEVNAME Get dump flag, data
[ data FILENAME ]
ethtool -W|--set-dump DEVNAME Set dump flag of the device
N
ethtool -l|--show-channels DEVNAME Query Channels
ethtool -L|--set-channels DEVNAME Set Channels
[ rx N ]
[ tx N ]
[ other N ]
[ combined N ]
ethtool --show-priv-flags DEVNAME Query private flags
ethtool --set-priv-flags DEVNAME Set private flags
FLAG on|off ...
ethtool -m|--dump-module-eeprom|--module-info DEVNAME Query/Decode Module EEPROM information and optical diagnostics if available
[ raw on|off ]
[ hex on|off ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
ethtool --show-eee DEVNAME Show EEE settings
ethtool --set-eee DEVNAME Set EEE settings
[ eee on|off ]
[ advertise %x ]
[ tx-lpi on|off ]
[ tx-timer %d ]
ethtool -h|--help Show this help
ethtool --version Show version number
注意：
使用ethtool -p devname 网口不停闪烁的就是网卡序号对应的网口。
另外比较笨的方法一个个接上网线试一试