【上集剧情概要:上集我们主要实现了一个完整的自动布局的框架,这集我们主要研究下比较流行的开源布局框架Masonry的布局思路】
我们先来看看是如何开始使用Masonry的,一般我们使用这个布局框架的时候,都会调用以下代码。。。。。
[self.view1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.mas_equalTo(50); make.right.mas_equalTo(-50); make.top.mas_equalTo(50); make.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); }];
我们来分析下这段代码,UIView类型的使用了mas_makeConstraints这个方法,这个是写在分类里面的,有一个block参数,我们看一下里面的实现代码
- (NSArray *)mas_makeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *))block { self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; block(constraintMaker); return [constraintMaker install]; }
首先设置translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints属性为NO
第二行初始化了一个MASConstraintMaker类,那这个类里面做了什么操作呢,好吧,本着刨根问底的精神我们继续往下看
- (id)initWithView:(MAS_VIEW *)view { self = [super init]; if (!self) return nil; self.view = view; self.constraints = NSMutableArray.new; return self; }
将当前的view赋给maker类,然后初始化constraints,这是一个约束数组。
我们仔细看block(constraintMaker);这一行代码。。。
神马意思呢?
首先这个block是(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *))类型的一个参数,我们其实可以更改为其它名称,感觉用block就有点混淆。。。
- (NSArray *)mas_makeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *))constraintMakerblock { self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; constraintMakerblock(constraintMaker); return [constraintMaker install]; }
比如可以更改为上面的形式...
这段代码的理解就是初始化了一个constraintMaker类,然后设置它的constraint属性,最后加载安装(install)
[self.view1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.mas_equalTo(50); make.right.mas_equalTo(-50); make.top.mas_equalTo(50); make.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); }];
注意:这种写法很容易理解为这是一个block,但其实只是在执行一个函数,后面一大块只不过是函数的一个参数而已,只不过它的参数是一个函数。
它等价与下面的一种写法:
self.view1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self.view1]; constraintMaker.left.mas_equalTo(50); constraintMaker.right.mas_equalTo(-50); constraintMaker.top.mas_equalTo(50); constraintMaker.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); [constraintMaker install];
那这样写的话就不是很方便了,那么有什么办法吗???
我们把它封装成一个函数???好的,封装成一个函数我们要做几件事情
-(void)addMakeConstraints { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; //设置它的属性 // ......... //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
那么第二步该怎么做呢?
传参数???但是参数有很多呀??怎么办??
比如我设置一个字典,里面用key,value来表示(left:50,right:-50,top:50,bottom:-50)好像也可以,但总觉的不是很方便
-(void)addMakeConstraints:(NSMutableDictionary *)dictionary { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; //设置它的属性 // ......... constraintMaker.left.mas_equalTo([dictionary[@"left"] intValue]); constraintMaker.right.mas_equalTo([dictionary[@"right"] intValue]); constraintMaker.top.mas_equalTo([dictionary[@"top"] intValue]); constraintMaker.bottom.mas_equalTo([dictionary[@"bottom"] intValue]); //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
NSMutableDictionary *constraint=[[NSMutableDictionary alloc]init]; [constraint setObject:@"50" forKey:@"left"]; [constraint setObject:@"-50" forKey:@"right"]; [constraint setObject:@"50" forKey:@"top"]; [constraint setObject:@"-50" forKey:@"bottom"]; [self.view1 addMakeConstraints:constraint];
貌似也可以实现的额,那有没有什么更好地办法呢?我们看下第一种写法:
-(void)addMakeConstraints { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; //设置它的属性 // ......... //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
其实我们中间就是缺了一段代码:那可以使用delegate吗
-(void)addMakeConstraints { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; [self.del addConstraint:constraintMaker]; //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
-(void)addConstraint:(MASConstraintMaker *)maker { maker.left.mas_equalTo(50); maker.right.mas_equalTo(-50); maker.top.mas_equalTo(50); maker.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); }
既然可以用代理实现,那么block肯定也是可以的
好的,我们改装成block版本
-(void)addMakeConstraints { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; self.makerBlock(constraintMaker); //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
[self.view1 addMakeConstraints]; self.view1.makerBlock=^(MASConstraintMaker *maker){ maker.left.mas_equalTo(50); maker.right.mas_equalTo(-50); maker.top.mas_equalTo(50); maker.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); };
在这里,我们是作为一个属性来使用block的,那么我们还可以直接用参数作为block来实现的。
也就是说把这段代码封装成一个block参数
-(void)addMakeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *maker))maker { //初始化MASConstraintMaker self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; maker(constraintMaker); //加载 [constraintMaker install]; }
[self.view1 addMakeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.mas_equalTo(50); make.right.mas_equalTo(-50); make.top.mas_equalTo(50); make.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50); }];
至此,这段代码已经分析完毕,哈哈,总结就一句话:初始化MASConstraintMaker类,然后设置属性,最后加载,不同的就是将设置属性作为代码块调到实现的类里面来了而已。
好的 我们看下View+MASAdditions类
/** * following properties return a new MASViewAttribute with current view and appropriate NSLayoutAttribute */ @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_left; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_top; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_right; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_bottom; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_leading; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_trailing; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_width; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_height; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_centerX; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_centerY; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_baseline; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *(^mas_attribute)(NSLayoutAttribute attr); #if (__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= 80000) || (__TV_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= 9000) || (__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= 101100) @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_firstBaseline; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_lastBaseline; #endif #if TARGET_OS_IPHONE || TARGET_OS_TV @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_leftMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_rightMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_topMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_bottomMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_leadingMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_trailingMargin; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_centerXWithinMargins; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) MASViewAttribute *mas_centerYWithinMargins;
这一段是对MASViewAttribute的声明,看它的名字就知道这一段是对NSLayoutAttribute的封装,我们知道NSLayoutAttribute只是一些属性的枚举,那么封装有什么意义呢?
好吧,我们看下这段代码:
[self.view2 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.top.mas_equalTo(self.view1.mas_bottom).offset(10); }];
有个self.view1.mas_bottom,我们知道要设置这个属性的话,要使用原生的方法:
NSLayoutConstraint *constaint=[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self attribute:att relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:attribute.view attribute:attribute.attribute multiplier:1.0 constant:space];
在这里有个toItem,那要设置toItem就必须知道当前是哪个view,如果只有NSLayoutAttribute属性的话,这段代码中得toItem是设置不了的。
所以MASViewAttribute便添加了view这个属性,方便这个地方的设置MAS---View---Attribute,可以这么理解,哈哈!
/** * Creates a MASConstraintMaker with the callee view. * Any constraints defined are added to the view or the appropriate superview once the block has finished executing * * @param block scope within which you can build up the constraints which you wish to apply to the view. * * @return Array of created MASConstraints */ - (NSArray *)mas_makeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *make))constraintMakerblock; /** * Creates a MASConstraintMaker with the callee view. * Any constraints defined are added to the view or the appropriate superview once the block has finished executing. * If an existing constraint exists then it will be updated instead. * * @param block scope within which you can build up the constraints which you wish to apply to the view. * * @return Array of created/updated MASConstraints */ - (NSArray *)mas_updateConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *make))block; /** * Creates a MASConstraintMaker with the callee view. * Any constraints defined are added to the view or the appropriate superview once the block has finished executing. * All constraints previously installed for the view will be removed. * * @param block scope within which you can build up the constraints which you wish to apply to the view. * * @return Array of created/updated MASConstraints */ - (NSArray *)mas_remakeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *make))block;
这几个方法分别是添加约束,更新约束以及注销约束,前面已经将mas_makeConstraints这个方法讲的很详细了,后面两个方法类似。
只不过多了两个变量来控制:constraintMaker.updateExisting = YES;constraintMaker.removeExisting = YES;
好的,我们接着向下看:
- (NSArray *)mas_makeConstraints:(void(^)(MASConstraintMaker *))constraintMakerblock { self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; MASConstraintMaker *constraintMaker = [[MASConstraintMaker alloc] initWithView:self]; constraintMakerblock(constraintMaker); return [constraintMaker install]; }
第一步:将maker的view设置为当前view
第二步:设置属性
第三步:加载
我们看下第二步:
make.left.mas_equalTo(50); make.right.mas_equalTo(-50); make.top.mas_equalTo(50); make.bottom.mas_equalTo(-50);
第二步用的链式结构,如果不懂得话可以看看我之前的文章。
make.left返回的MASConstraint类型
- (MASConstraint * (^)(id attr))mas_equalTo; - (MASConstraint * (^)(id attr))mas_greaterThanOrEqualTo; - (MASConstraint * (^)(id attr))mas_lessThanOrEqualTo;
- (MASConstraint * (^)(id))mas_equalTo { return ^id(id attribute) { return self.equalToWithRelation(attribute, NSLayoutRelationEqual); }; }
然后执行mas_equalTo的方法:
它的返回值是:MASConstraint * (^)(id) 一个block