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  • Java中的Enum(枚举)用法介绍

    1. 关于Java Enum: 学过C/C++等语言的人,应该都对Enum类型略知一二。Enum一般用来表示一组相同类型的常量。如性别、日期、月份、颜色等。对这些属性用常量的好处是显而易见的,不仅可以保证单例,且比较时候可以用”==”来替换equals。是一种好的习惯。JDK1.5之前没有Enum这个类型,那时候一般用接口常量来替代。有了JavaEnum之后,可以更贴近的表示这种常量。

    2. 如何使用Java Enum 简单的用法:JavaEnum简单的用法一般用于代表一组常用常量,可用来代表一类相同类型的常量值。如:

    性别: public enum SexEnum {
    
    male, female;
    
    }
    
    颜色: public enum Color {
    
    RED, BLUE,GREEN,BLACK;
    
    }
    

      

    枚举对象里面的值都必须是唯一的。

    可以通过Enum类型名直接引用该常量,如SexEnum.male,Color.RED.

    复杂用法:Java为枚举类型提供了一些内置的方法,同事枚举常量还可以有自己的方法。可以很方便的遍历枚举对象,看个下面的例子:

    1. 代码一 WeekDay.java:

    public enum WeekDay {
    
    Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri(
    
    "Friday"), Sat("Saturday"), Sun("Sunday");
    
    private final String day;
    
    private WeekDay(String day) {
    
    this.day = day;
    
    }
    
    public static void printDay(int i){
    
    switch(i){
    
    case 1: System.out.println(WeekDay.Mon); break;
    
    case 2: System.out.println(WeekDay.Tue);break;
    
    case 3: System.out.println(WeekDay.Wed);break;
    
    case 4: System.out.println(WeekDay.Thu);break;
    
    case 5: System.out.println(WeekDay.Fri);break;
    
    case 6: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sat);break;
    
    case 7: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sun);break;
    
    default:System.out.println("wrong number!");
    
    }
    
    }
    
    public String getDay() {
    
    return day; } }
    
    2. 代码二 WeekDayTest.java:
    
    public class WeekDayTest {
    
    public static void main(String args[]) {
    
    for (WeekDay day : WeekDay.values()) {
    
    System.out.println(day + "====>" + day.getDay()); } WeekDay.printDay(5);
    
    }
    
    }
    
    输出结果为:
    
    Mon====>Monday
    
    Tue====>Tuesday
    
    Wed====>Wednesday
    
    Thu====>Thursday
    
    Fri====>Friday
    
    Sat====>Saturday
    
    Sun====>Sunday
    
    Fri
    

      

    3. Java Enum原理

    Java Enum类型的语法结构尽管和java类的语法不一样,应该说差别比较大。但是经过编译器编译之后产生的是一个class文件。该class文件经过反编译可以看到实际上是生成了一个类,该类继承了java.lang.Enum<E>.

    WeekDay经过反编译(javap WeekDay命令)之后得到的内容如下(去掉了汇编代码):

    public final class WeekDay extends java.lang.Enum{
    
    public static final WeekDay Mon;
    
    public static final WeekDay Tue;
    
    public static final WeekDay Wed;
    
    public static final WeekDay Thu;
    
    public static final WeekDay Fri;
    
    public static final WeekDay Sat;
    
    public static final WeekDay Sun;
    
    static {};
    
    public static void printDay(int);
    
    public java.lang.String getDay();
    
    public static WeekDay[] values();
    
    public static WeekDay valueOf(java.lang.String);
    }
    

      

    所以实际上Enum类型就是以Java类来实现的,没有什么新的特点,只不过java编译器帮我们做了语法的解析和编译。完全也可以自己实现。但是既然有这样方便一个东西,当然会去用了。

    使用实例:

    1》:以Class定义的

    public class PCUEnum { public static void main(String[] args) { 
    
    System.out .println(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.get(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.DELETED));
    
     }
    
    public enum TaskStatus { /
    
    / 1:等待执行 2:正在执行 3:执行完毕 4:执行失败 5:暂停 100:已经删除 101:已经送审 NOTINQUEUE,WAITING, EXECUTING, EXECUTED, FAILED, SUSPEND, DELETED,WAITING_AUDIT;
    
    public static int get(TaskStatus s) { 
    
    int result = 0; switch (s) { case NOTINQUEUE: result=0; break; case WAITING: result = 1; break; case EXECUTING: result = 2; break; case EXECUTED: result = 3; break; case FAILED: result = 4; break; case SUSPEND: result = 5; break; case DELETED: result = 100; break; case WAITING_AUDIT: result = 101; break; } return result; 
    
    } 
    
       }
    
         }
    

      

    1.1》:以类为实例:

    public class EnumClass {
    
    enum explore { HERE, THERE } enum WeekDay { Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri("Friday"), Sat("Saturday"), Sun("Sunday"), Wro("Wrong day");
    
    private String day;
    
    WeekDay(String day){ this.day = day; }
    
    public String getDay() { return day; } } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(EnumClass.explore.HERE); System.out.println("--------"); for(EnumClass.WeekDay day : EnumClass.WeekDay.values()) { System.out.println(day.getDay()); 
                }
             }
     }
    

      

    2》:以Enum定义的

    package com.zhou.test;
    
    public enum TaskEnumStatus {
    
     NOTINQUEUE(1),WAITING(2), EXECUTING(3), EXECUTED(4), FAILED(5), SUSPEND(6), DELETED(7),WAITING_AUDIT(8);
    
       private int i;
    
       private TaskEnumStatus(int i) {
    
         this.i = i;
    
       }
    
       public int getEnumStatus() {
    
         return i;
    
       }
    
    }
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
         
    
        System.out.println(TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE + "=" + TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE.getEnumStatus());
    
         
    
      }
    

      

    2.1》:以Enum定义

     

    public enum UserStatusEnum {
    
     DISABLE("disable"), ENABLE("enable"); private String value;
     UserStatusEnum(String value){ this.value = value;
    
     }
     public String getValue() {
    
     return value; 
    
    } 
    
    public String toString() {
    
     return value; 
    
    }
    
     public static void main(String[] args) { 
    
    System.out.println(UserStatusEnum.DISABLE);
    
     }   
    
    }
    

      


    2.2》:以Enum定义

     

    public enum NumberEnum { 
    
    CONST_FOUR(4), CONST_ENIGHT(8), CONST_NINE(999999); private final int value;
     NumberEnum(int value) { 
    
    this.value = value; 
    
    }
     public int getValue() { 
    
    return value; 
    
    }
     public static void main(String[] args) {
    
       System.out.println(NumberEnum.CONST_ENIGHT.getValue());
    
     } 
    
    } 
    

    原文地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_52fea7b60100phjl.html

    如需转载请注明出处

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gxbk629/p/3649450.html
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