zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 第8章Java中的并发工具类

      在JDK的并发包里提供了几个非常有用的并发工具类。CountDownLatch、CyclicBarrier和Semaphore工具类提供了一种并发流程控制的手段,Exchanger工具类则提供了在线程间交换数据的一种手段。

      8.1等待多线程完成的CountDownLatch

        CountDownLatch允许一个或多个线程等待其他线程完成操作。

        假如有这样一个需求:我们需要解析一个Excel中的多个sheet数据,此时考虑多线程,每个线程解析一个sheet数据,所有sheet都解析完成后,程序需要提示解析完成。在这个需求中,需要实现主线程等待所有线程完成sheet解析操作,最简单的方法是使用join()方法,代码如下所示:

      

    package com.example.demo.test;
    
    public class JoinCountDownLatchTest {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    
                }
            });
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    
                }
            });
            thread1.start();
            thread2.start();
            thread1.join();
            thread2.join();
            System.out.println("all finish");
        }
    }

      CountDownLatch也可以实现join的功能,并且功能更多,代码如下

    package com.example.demo.test;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
    
    public class CountDownLatchTest {
    
        static CountDownLatch c = new CountDownLatch(2);
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    System.out.println(1);
                    c.countDown();
                    System.out.println(2);
                    c.countDown();
                }
            }).start();
    
            c.await();
            System.out.println("3");
        }
    
    }

      8.2 同步屏障CyclicBarrier

        字面意思是可以循环使用的屏障,它要做的事情就是,让一组线程到达一个屏障之后被阻塞,直到最后一个线程到达屏障时,所有线程继续执行。

    public class CyclicBarrierTest {
        static CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(2);
        
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, BrokenBarrierException {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        cyclicBarrier.wait();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        // TODO: handle exception
                    }
                    System.out.println(1);
                }
            }).start();
            cyclicBarrier.await();
            System.out.println(2);
        }
    }
    package com.example.demo.test;
    
    import java.security.KeyStore.Entry;
    import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
    import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
    import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    
    public class BankWaterService implements Runnable{
        private CyclicBarrier c = new CyclicBarrier(4,this);
        private Executor executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
        private ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> sheetBankWaterCount = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        
        private void counter() {
            for(int i=0;i<4;i++) {
                executor.execute(new Runnable() {    
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        sheetBankWaterCount.put(Thread.currentThread().getName(), 1);
                        try {
                            c.await();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println(c.getNumberWaiting());
            int result =0;
            for(java.util.Map.Entry<String, Integer> sheet : sheetBankWaterCount.entrySet()) {
                result +=sheet.getValue();
            }
            sheetBankWaterCount.put("result", result);
            System.out.println(result);
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            BankWaterService bankWaterService = new BankWaterService();
            bankWaterService.counter();
        }
    }

      8.3控制并发线程数的Semaphore

    public class SemphoreTest {
        private static final int THREAD_COUNT = 30;
        private static ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);
        private static Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(10);
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            for(int i=0;i<THREAD_COUNT;i++) {
                threadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
                    
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            semaphore.acquire();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        System.out.println("save data");
                        semaphore.release();
                    }
                });
            }
            threadPool.shutdown();
        }
    }

      8.4 线程之间交换数据的Exchanger

        Exchanger(交换者)是一个用于线程间协作的工具类。Exchanger用于进行线程间的数据交换。他提供一个同步点,在这个同步点,两个线程可以彼此交换数据,如果第一个线程先执行exchange()方法,它会一直等待第二个线程也执行exchange()方法,当两个线程都到达同步点时,这两个线程就可以交换数据,将本线程生产出来的数据传递给对方。

        其可用于遗传算法。遗传算法需要选出两个人作为交配对象,这时候会交换两个人的数据,并用交叉规则得到两个交配结果。Exhanger也可以用于校对工作,比如我们需要将银行流水通过人工方式录入电子银行流水,为了避免错误,采用AB岗两人进行录入,录入到Excel后,系统加载这两个Excel,进行比对查看是否一致。

      

    package com.example.demo.test;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    
    public class ExchangerTest {
        private static final Exchanger<String> EXCHANGER = new Exchanger<>();
        private static ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            threadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    String A = "A流水";
                    try {
                        String B = EXCHANGER.exchange(A);
                        System.out.println("是否一致:"+B.equals(A));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
            threadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        String B = "B流水";
                        String A = EXCHANGER.exchange(B);
                        System.out.println("是否一致:"+B.equals(A));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
            threadPool.shutdown();
        }
    }
  • 相关阅读:
    LUA之面向对象
    LUA笔记之表
    LUA笔记之字符串
    STM32模拟I2C
    php(1)-php5.6启动命令
    ip地址变更对tomcat和nginx的影响
    解决 nginx: [alert] kill(189, 1) failed (3: No such process)
    linux(16)-yum安装提示“没有可用软件包”
    性能测试监控分析(17) 负载和CPU使用率低高负载的原因
    Codeforces Round #588 (Div. 2)C(思维,暴力)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/helloworldmybokeyuan/p/11753448.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看