通过PowerShell命令给Azure VM添加CustomScriptExtension

Azure的VM提供了一种管理工具叫Azure VM Extension。它实现了一些管理虚拟机所需要的重要功能，比如：重设密码、设置RDP参数、以及许多其他关键的功能，并且Azure VM一直在添加新的Extension。默认情况下，创建的Windows VM会安装以下几个基本的VM Extension，包括IaaSDiagnostics，VMAccess和BGInfo。Linux的VM，如果开启Diagnostics功能，默认会安装LinuxDiagnostic的Extension。

通过Azure CLI可以获得Azure在某个区域提供的的Extension和相关信息。可以通过如下命令：

azure vm extension-image list

本文将介绍，通过PowerShell命令，给Azure的Linux VM添加CustomerScriptForLinux的Extension。

1 准备Azure VM

Azure VM在添加Extension时，必须是运行状态，同时，其Windows Azure Agent必须已经安装。可以通过如下命令查看是否有WAagent程序在运行：

[root@hwiscsi02 waagent]# ps -ef | grep "waagent -daemon" | grep -v grep

root 935 1 0 08:29 ? 00:00:01 python /usr/sbin/waagent -daemon

 2 准备PowerShell环境

//登陆Azure China
$mycred = Get-Credential -UserName admin@weiheng.partner.onmschina.cn -Message hello
Login-AzureRmAccount -EnvironmentName AzureChinaCloud -Credential $mycred

//定义Resource Group、VM和Location变量
$RGName = 'hwiscsi'
$VmName = 'hwiscsi02'
$Location = 'China East'

//定义Extension相关信息
$ExtensionName = 'CustomScriptForLinux'
$Publisher = 'Microsoft.OSTCExtensions'
$version = '1.5'

$PublicConf = '{"fileUris":["https://hwarm.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/extension.sh"], "commandToExecute": "sh extension.sh" }' 
$PrivateConf = '{
　　"storageAccountName": "hwarm",
　　"storageAccountKey": "xxxxxxxx=="
}'

//执行Set-AzureRmVMExtension命令，安装extension：
Set-AzureRmVMExtension -ResourceGroupName $RGName -VMName $VmName -Location $Location `
　　-Name $ExtensionName -Publisher $Publisher `
　　-ExtensionType $ExtensionName -TypeHandlerVersion $Version `
　　-Settingstring $PublicConf -ProtectedSettingString $PrivateConf

执行完后，屏幕输出如下：

执行成功。

或者采用Azure CLI命令：

azure vm extension set hwiscsi hwiscsi02 CustomScriptForLinux Microsoft.OSTCExtensions  1.5 -i '{"fileUris":["https://hwarm.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/extension.sh"], "commandToExecute": "sh extension.sh"}'

info:    Executing command vm extension set
+ Looking up the VM "hwiscsi02                                                  
+ Installing extension "CustomScriptForLinux", VM: "hwiscsi"                   
info:    vm extension set command OK

3 检查VM内的信息

在VM中，可以在/var/log/azure/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux/1.5.2.0查看相关的日志。

2016/09/11 14:27:04 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]sequence number is 0
2016/09/11 14:27:04 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]setting file path is/var/lib/waagent/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.5.2.0/config/0.settings
2016/09/11 14:27:04 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]JSON config: {
2016/09/11 14:27:04   "runtimeSettings": [
2016/09/11 14:27:04     {
2016/09/11 14:27:04       "handlerSettings": {
2016/09/11 14:27:04         "publicSettings": {"fileUris":["https://hwarm.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/extension.sh"],"commandToExecute":"sh extension.sh"}
2016/09/11 14:27:04       }
2016/09/11 14:27:04     }
2016/09/11 14:27:04   ]
2016/09/11 14:27:04 }
2016/09/11 14:27:04 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Install,success,0,Install succeeded
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]sequence number is 0
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]setting file path is/var/lib/waagent/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.5.2.0/config/0.settings
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]JSON config: {
2016/09/11 14:27:09   "runtimeSettings": [
2016/09/11 14:27:09     {
2016/09/11 14:27:09       "handlerSettings": {
2016/09/11 14:27:09         "publicSettings": {"fileUris":["https://hwarm.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/extension.sh"],"commandToExecute":"sh extension.sh"}
2016/09/11 14:27:09       }
2016/09/11 14:27:09     }
2016/09/11 14:27:09   ]
2016/09/11 14:27:09 }
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]set most recent sequence number to 0
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Command to execute:sh extension.sh
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Enable,transitioning,0,Launching the script...
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]sequence number is 0
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]setting file path is/var/lib/waagent/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.5.2.0/config/0.settings
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]JSON config: {
2016/09/11 14:27:09   "runtimeSettings": [
2016/09/11 14:27:09     {
2016/09/11 14:27:09       "handlerSettings": {
2016/09/11 14:27:09         "publicSettings": {"fileUris":["https://hwarm.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/extension.sh"],"commandToExecute":"sh extension.sh"}
2016/09/11 14:27:09       }
2016/09/11 14:27:09     }
2016/09/11 14:27:09   ]
2016/09/11 14:27:09 }
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Will try to download files, number of retries = 10, wait SECONDS between retrievals = 20s
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Command to execute:sh extension.sh
2016/09/11 14:27:09 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Downloading,transitioning,0,Downloading files...
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]No azure storage account and key specified in protected settings. Downloading scripts from external links...
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Converting /var/lib/waagent/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.5.2.0/download/0/extension.sh from DOS to Unix formats: Done
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Removing BOM of /var/lib/waagent/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.5.2.0/download/0/extension.sh: Done
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Succeeded to download files, retry count = 0
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Internal DNS is ready, retry count = 0
2016/09/11 14:27:10 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Command to execute:sh extension.sh
2016/09/11 14:27:11 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Command is finished.
2016/09/11 14:27:11 ---stdout---
2016/09/11 14:27:11 
2016/09/11 14:27:11 ---errout---
2016/09/11 14:27:11 
2016/09/11 14:27:11 
2016/09/11 14:27:11 [Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.CustomScriptForLinux-1.0]Daemon,success,0,Command is finished.
2016/09/11 14:27:11 ---stdout---

脚本执行成功。