Arduino UNO 学习 （二） 抢答器、PWM调光、蜂鸣器、感光灯、三色灯、热敏传感器、倾斜传感器、火焰传感器

（一）、抢答器：

代码

int redled = 8;
int yellowled = 7;
int greenled = 6;

int redpin = 5;
int yellowpin = 4;
int greenpin = 3;

int restpin = 2;
int red,yellow,green;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(redled, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(yellowled, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenled, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(redpin, INPUT);
  pinMode(yellowpin, INPUT);
  pinMode(greenpin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  red = digitalRead(redpin);
  yellow = digitalRead(yellowpin);
  green = digitalRead(greenpin);
  
  if (red == LOW) { RED_YES(); }
  if (yellow == LOW) { YELLOW_YES(); }
  if (green == LOW) { GREEN_YES(); }
}

void RED_YES(){
  while(digitalRead(restpin) == 1){
    digitalWrite(redled, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(greenled, LOW);
    digitalWrite(yellowled, LOW);
  }
  CLEAR_LED();
}

void YELLOW_YES(){
  while(digitalRead(restpin) == 1){
    digitalWrite(redled, LOW);
    digitalWrite(greenled, LOW);
    digitalWrite(yellowled, HIGH);
  }
  CLEAR_LED();
}

void GREEN_YES(){
  while(digitalRead(restpin) == 1){
    digitalWrite(redled, LOW);
    digitalWrite(greenled, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(yellowled, LOW);
  }
  CLEAR_LED();
}

void CLEAR_LED(){
  digitalWrite(redled, LOW);
  digitalWrite(greenled, LOW);
  digitalWrite(yellowled, LOW);
  }

（二）、PWM调光

代码

int potpin = 0;
int ledpin = 11;
int val = 0 ;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(ledpin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  val = analogRead(potpin);
  Serial.println(val);
  analogWrite(ledpin, val/4);
  delay(10);
}

（三）、蜂鸣器

代码

int buzzer = 8;
// buzzer break, can not make noise
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  long frequency = 300;
  tone(buzzer, frequency);
  delay(100);

  noTone(buzzer);
  delay(2000);
//  while(1){
//    for(int i; i < 80; i++){
//      digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);
//      delay(1);
//      digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
//      delay(1);
//      }
//    for(int i; i < 100; i++){
//      digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);
//      delay(2);
//      digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
//      delay(2);
//      }
//    }
}

（四）、感光灯

代码

int potpin = 0;
int ledpin = 11;
int val;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(potpin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  val = analogRead(potpin);
  Serial.println(val);
  analogWrite(ledpin, val);
  delay(10);
}

（五）、三色灯

代码

int redpin = 11;
int bluepin = 10;
int greenpin = 9;

int redval, blueval, greenval;
int i = 0;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(redpin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(bluepin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenpin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(redval, INPUT);
  pinMode(blueval, INPUT);
  pinMode(greenval, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  i++;
  if(i < 200){
    redval += 1;
    greenval -= 1;
    blueval = 1;
    }
  else if(i < 400){
    redval -= 1;
    greenval = 1;
    blueval += 1;
    }
  else if(i < 600){
      redval = 1;
      greenval += 1;
      blueval -= 1;
      }
  else { i = 0; }

  analogWrite(redpin, redval);
  analogWrite(greenpin, greenval);
  analogWrite(bluepin, blueval);

  Serial.print(i, DEC);
  Serial.print( "   R:");
  Serial.print(redval, DEC);

  Serial.print( "   B:");
  Serial.print(blueval, DEC);

  Serial.print( "   G:");
  Serial.print(greenval, DEC);
}

（六）、热敏传感器

代码

int sensorInPin = 0;
int ledpin = 8;
int sensorVal = 0;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(ledpin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  sensorVal = analogRead(sensorInPin);
  Serial.print(sensorVal);
  analogWrite(ledpin, sensorVal);
  delay(5000);
}

（七）、倾斜传感器

代码

int sensorInPin = A5;
int ledpin = 8;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(ledpin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  int i;
  while(1){
    i = analogRead(sensorInPin);
    Serial.print(i);
    if(i > 1000){
      digitalWrite(ledpin, HIGH);
      }
    else { digitalWrite(ledpin, LOW);}
    }
}

（八）、火焰传感器

代码

int fireInPin = A5;
int beep = 8;
int val = 0;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(beep, OUTPUT);
  //pinMode(fireInPin, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  //while(1){
    val = analogRead(fireInPin);
    Serial.print(val);
    Serial.print("
");
    if(val > 200){
      digitalWrite(beep, HIGH);
      }
    else { digitalWrite(beep, LOW); }
   // }
}

忘记拍照了！

（九）、声音传感器

代码

int soundInPin = 2;
int ledpin = 13;
int val;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(ledpin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(soundInPin, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  val = analogRead(soundInPin);
  Serial.println(val);
  delay(2000);

  if(val == HIGH){
    digitalWrite(ledpin, HIGH);
    delay(5000);
    digitalWrite(ledpin, LOW);
    }
}

忘记拍照了！

总结：

（1）虽说面包板+加跳线更加灵活，但是也容易接触不牢的问题。

（2）蜂鸣器中要使用Tone()函数，在无源蜂鸣器的应用中。

（3）Serial.begin(9600)，未开启串口函数，9600为波特率(bps, byte per second)，波特率表示每秒钟传送的码元符号的个数，

是衡量数据传送速率的指标，它用单位时间内载波调制状态改变的次数来表示；9600的波特率的信道，

理论上每秒可以传输9600个二进制位，也就是9600/8个英文字母的数据量，也就是1200个字节，大约1.2KB。

而19200则是每秒可传输2400字节，大约2.4KB。

（4）Serial.print(a, DEC)，为输出十进制数b。Serial函数的用法参考https://blog.csdn.net/hhaowang/article/details/88529842

（5）火焰传感器并不是通过火焰的温度来实现的，而是通过亮度来实现的。

（6）声音传感器中需要50k欧的电阻，这里没有就没有实现。

（7）是否是长时间使用UNO，会出现设备不稳定的情况？，再没有外接输入源的时候，模拟（或数字）信号端，有信号的变化，

最大到1023！不知道怎么回事！

（8）关于硬件方面的使用还需要加强！