记录浏览者客户端的信息

今天在ASP.NET MVC项目中，实现一个小功能，就是记录浏览者客户端的一些信息。比如浏览者的IP，访问了哪些页面，以及浏览器相关的信息。

在数据库中创建一张表[VisitData]：

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[VisitData](
    [VisitData_nbr] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    [IP] [varchar](20) NOT NULL,
    [Controller] [varchar](30) NULL,
    [Action] [varchar](30) NULL,
    [Browser] [varchar](30) NULL,
    [Version] [varchar](10) NULL,
    [Platform] [nvarchar](30) NULL,
    [Languages] [nvarchar](30) NULL,
    [UserAgent] [nvarchar](300) NULL,
    [RecordDate] [datetime] NOT NULL DEFAULT (getdate()),
    [CreatedBy] [nvarchar](30) NOT NULL DEFAULT (suser_sname()),
    [UpdatedBy] [nvarchar](30) NOT NULL DEFAULT (suser_sname()),
    [CreateDate] [datetime] NOT NULL DEFAULT (getdate()))

GO

既然有数据库，那我们还需要写一个存储过程[dbo].[usp_VisitData_Insert]：

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO



CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_VisitData_Insert]
(    
    @IP VARCHAR(20),
    @Controller VARCHAR(30),
    @Action    VARCHAR(30),
    @Browser VARCHAR(30),
    @Version VARCHAR(10),
    @Languages NVARCHAR(30),
    @Platform NVARCHAR(30),
    @UserAgent NVARCHAR(300)
)
AS        
INSERT INTO [dbo].[VisitData]([IP],[Controller],[Action],[Browser],[Version],[Languages],[Platform],[UserAgent]) 
VALUES (@IP,@Controller,@Action,@Browser,@Version,@Languages,@Platform,@UserAgent)


GO

在数据库方法，我们就做这些，接下来我们需要转到ASP.NET MVC项目中，创建一个Model:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Insus.NET.Models
{
    public class VisitData
    {
        public string IP { get; set; }

        public string Controller { get; set; }

        public string Action { get; set; }

        public string Browser { get; set; }

        public string Version { get; set; }

        public string Languages { get; set; }

        public string Platform { get; set; }

        public string UserAgent { get; set; }
    }
}

创建完model之后，还需要创建一个Entity，这个实体就是数据与数据库之相关联:

using Insus.NET.DataBases;
using Insus.NET.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Insus.NET.Entities
{
    public class VisitDataEntity
    {
        BizSP sp = new BizSP();

        public void Insert(VisitData vd)
        {
            List<Parameter> param = new List<Parameter>() {
                                    new Parameter("@IP", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.IP),
                                    new Parameter("@Controller", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Controller),
                                    new Parameter("@Action", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Action),
                                    new Parameter("@Browser", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Browser ),
                                    new Parameter("@Version", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Version ),
                                    new Parameter("@Languages", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Languages),
                                    new Parameter("@Platform", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Platform ),
                                    new Parameter("@UserAgent", SqlDbType.NVarChar, -1, vd.UserAgent)
            };

            sp.ConnectionString = DB.ConnectionString;
            sp.Parameters = param;
            sp.ProcedureName = "usp_VisitData_Insert";
            sp.Execute();
        }
    }
}

下面，我们考虑，只是浏览访问首页时，我们就去获取客户端的信息：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using Insus.NET;
using Insus.NET.Attributes;
using Insus.NET.Models;
using Insus.NET.Utilities;
using Insus.NET.Entities;

namespace Insus.NET.Controllers
{    
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Home
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            VisitData vd = new VisitData();
            vd.IP = NetUtility.GetClientIP();
            vd.Controller = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString();  //"Home"; 
            vd.Action = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString();  //"Index";

            HttpBrowserCapabilities bc = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Browser;
            vd.Browser = bc.Browser;
            vd.Version = bc.Version;
            vd.Languages = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages[0];
            vd.Platform = bc.Platform;
            vd.UserAgent = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserAgent;

            VisitDataEntity vie = new VisitDataEntity();
            vie.Insert(vd);
            return View();
        }
    }
}

浏览网站首页，去数据库查询记录的情况：

我们需要的数据已经拿到了。

到现在为止，还有一个问题，我们需要记录浏览者访问了哪一个页面的记录，我们需要把上面那段代码粘贴至所在控制器的操作(Action)中。如果这样多，另一个问题又来了，一个ASP.NET MVC项目这样多。那上一个很可的事情，特别是在维护的时候，就知道它的利弊了。

写一个静态的Utility吧，然后每一个操作中使用这个方法名即可。嗯，想法不错。

不过，在ASP.NET MVC中，有一个更好的方法，就是过滤(filter).

using Insus.NET.Entities;
using Insus.NET.Models;
using Insus.NET.Utilities;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Insus.NET.Attributes
{
    public class VisitActionFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            VisitData vd = new VisitData();
            vd.IP = NetUtility.GetClientIP();
            //vd.Controller = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString();  //"Home"; 
            //vd.Action = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString();  //"Index";

            vd.Controller = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString();
            vd.Action = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString();

            HttpBrowserCapabilities bc = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Browser;
            vd.Browser = bc.Browser;
            vd.Version = bc.Version;
            vd.Languages = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages[0];
            vd.Platform = bc.Platform;
            vd.UserAgent = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserAgent;

            VisitDataEntity vie = new VisitDataEntity();
            vie.Insert(vd);
        }       
    }
}

接下来简单的事情，就是在每一个控制器添加上面这个特性，如：