WCF 学习总结2 配置WCF

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WCF 学习总结2 配置WCF

转：http://blog.csdn.net/fangxinggood/article/details/6106228

前面一篇文章《WCF 学习总结1 -- 简单实例》一股脑儿展示了几种WCF部署方式，其中配置文件(App.config/Web.config)都是IDE自动生成，省去了我们不少功夫。现在回过头来看看IDE提供的Wcf Service Library项目模板中的默认服务端配置文件——App.config里面究竟有什么秘密。

服务端的配置文件主要是对services、bindings、behaviors的配置。在默认的App.config中，使用的是WCF Framework定义好的wsHttpBinding默认配置，所以看不到binding配置节。

配置节展开如下图：

BTW： "元数据端点”通过WS-MetadataExchange帮我们实现了对服务的描述，提供了WSDL，启动Host之后我们可以通过 http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/WcfServiceLib/Service1/?wsdl 查看到公开的服务描述。

配置节展开如下图：

关于WCF中的地址和绑定，需要补充一下。

WCF中支持的传输协议包括HTTP、TCP、Peer network(对等网)、IPC(基于命名管道的内部进程通信)以及MSMQ(微软消息队列)，每个协议对应一个地址类型：
HTTP地址：http://localhost:8080/
TCP地址： net.tcp://localhost:8080/
IPC地址： net.pipe://localhost/ （适用于跨进程，不能使用于不同机器间）
MSMQ地址： net.msmq://localhost/
对等网地址： net.p2p://localhost/
WCF中提供的绑定有：
BasicHttpBinding: 最简单的绑定类型，通常用于 Web Services。使用 HTTP 协议，Text/XML 编码方式。
WSHttpBinding: 比 BasicHttpBinding 更加安全，通常用于 non-duplex 服务通讯。
WSDualHttpBinding: 和 WSHttpBinding 相比，它支持 duplex 类型的服务。
WSFederationHttpBinding: 支持 WS-Federation 安全通讯协议。
NetTcpBinding: 效率最高，安全的跨机器通讯方式。
NetNamedPipeBinding: 安全、可靠、高效的单机服务通讯方式。
NetMsmqBinding: 使用消息队列在不同机器间进行通讯。
NetPeerTcpBinding: 使用 P2P 协议在多机器间通讯。
MsmqIntegrationBinding: 使用现有的消息队列系统进行跨机器通讯。如 MSMQ。
------ 弱弱的分隔线 -----

OK，有了上面的基础，就让WCF风暴来的猛烈些吧。做一个多服务，多端点的示例。

1.WcfServiceLib 代码：
[c-sharp] view plain copy print ?
1. [ServiceContract]
2. public interface IService
3. {
4. [OperationContract]
5. string GetMessage();
6. }
7. public class Service1 : IService
8. {
9. public string GetMessage()
10. {
11. var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString();
12. return string.Format("From Server1: Hello Client at [{0}]", address);
13. }
14. }
15. public class Service2 : IService
16. {
17. public string GetMessage()
18. {
19. var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString();
20. return string.Format("来自 Service2: 好 Client at [{0}]", address);
21. }
22. }
[ServiceContract] public interface IService { [OperationContract] string GetMessage(); } public class Service1 : IService { public string GetMessage() { var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString(); return string.Format("From Server1: Hello Client at [{0}]", address); } } public class Service2 : IService { public string GetMessage() { var address = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.ToString(); return string.Format("来自 Service2: 好 Client at [{0}]", address); } }

2.WcfConsoleHost 代码：
[c-sharp] view plain copy print ?
1. static void Main(string[] args)
2. {
3. ServiceHost host1 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service1));
4. host1.Open();
5. Console.WriteLine("Server1 Opened!");
6. ServiceHost host2 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service2));
7. host2.Open();
8. Console.WriteLine("Server2 Opened!");
9. Console.Read();
10. }
static void Main(string[] args) { ServiceHost host1 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service1)); host1.Open(); Console.WriteLine("Server1 Opened!"); ServiceHost host2 = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLib.Service2)); host2.Open(); Console.WriteLine("Server2 Opened!"); Console.Read(); }

3.服务端配置文件：
[xhtml] view plain copy print ?
1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
2. <configuration>
3. <system.web>
4. <compilation debug="true" />
5. </system.web>
6. <system.serviceModel>
7. <services>
8. <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service1">
9. <host>
10. <baseAddresses>
11. <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1" />
12. <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1" />
13. </baseAddresses>
14. </host>
15. <endpoint address ="serviceEN_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
16. <endpoint address ="serviceEN_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
17. <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
18. </service>
19. <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service2">
20. <host>
21. <baseAddresses>
22. <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2" />
23. <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2" />
24. </baseAddresses>
25. </host>
26. <endpoint address ="serviceCH_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
27. <endpoint address ="serviceCH_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" />
28. <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
29. </service>
30. </services>
31. <behaviors>
32. <serviceBehaviors>
33. <behavior>
34. <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
35. <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
36. </behavior>
37. </serviceBehaviors>
38. </behaviors>
39. </system.serviceModel>
40. </configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service1"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1" /> <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1" /> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address ="serviceEN_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" /> <endpoint address ="serviceEN_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/> </service> <service name="WcfServiceLib.Service2"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2" /> <add baseAddress = "net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2" /> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address ="serviceCH_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" /> <endpoint address ="serviceCH_2" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLib.IService" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>

4. 启动Host，在Client工程中添加Service Reference
因为有两个Service，所以要添加两次。
(1) WcfSvc1（Url：http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1）

(2) WcfSvc2（Url：http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2）图略

5. 客户端配置文件： 配置节中，生成了4个Endpoint，分别对应服务端的4个Endpoint。通过
name属性区别。
[xhtml] view plain copy print ?
1. <client>
2. <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_1"
3. binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService"
4. contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService">
5. </endpoint>
6. <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_2"
7. binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService"
8. contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService" />
9. <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_1"
10. binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService1"
11. contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService1">
12. </endpoint>
13. <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_2"
14. binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1"
15. contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1" />
16. </client>
<client> <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService" contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service1/serviceEN_2" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService" contract="WcfSvc1.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService" /> <endpoint address="http://localhost:9999/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_1" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService1" contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="WSHttpBinding_IService1"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/WcfStudy3/Service2/serviceCH_2" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1" contract="WcfSvc2.IService" name="MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1" /> </client>

6. 客户端代码：
[c-sharp] view plain copy print ?
1. static void Main(string[] args)
2. {
3. Console.WriteLine("------------");
4. WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_1 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService");
5. Console.WriteLine(client1_1.GetMessage());
6. Console.WriteLine("------------");
7. WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_2 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService");
8. Console.WriteLine(client1_2.GetMessage());
9. Console.WriteLine("------------");
10. WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_1 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService1");
11. Console.WriteLine(client2_1.GetMessage());
12. Console.WriteLine("------------");
13. WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_2 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1");
14. Console.WriteLine(client2_2.GetMessage());
15. Console.Read();
16. }
static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("------------"); WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_1 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService"); Console.WriteLine(client1_1.GetMessage()); Console.WriteLine("------------"); WcfSvc1.ServiceClient client1_2 = new WcfSvc1.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService"); Console.WriteLine(client1_2.GetMessage()); Console.WriteLine("------------"); WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_1 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("WSHttpBinding_IService1"); Console.WriteLine(client2_1.GetMessage()); Console.WriteLine("------------"); WcfSvc2.ServiceClient client2_2 = new WcfSvc2.ServiceClient("MetadataExchangeTcpBinding_IService1"); Console.WriteLine(client2_2.GetMessage()); Console.Read(); }

7.运行结果：

有人会问，那么生成完的配置文件都要一个个手动修改吗？答案当然不是，VS已经为我们准备了WCF配置工具：IDE > Tools > WCF Service Configuration Editor 。关于工具的使用，大家可以看这里： http://www.rainsts.net/article.asp?id=441

上面的示例代码，请猛击这里下载。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jackljf/p/3588938.html