YARN & HDFS2 安装和配置Kerberos

今天尝试在Hadoop 2.x开发集群上配置Kerberos，遇到一些问题，记录一下

设置hadoop security

core-site.xml

        <property>
           <name>hadoop.security.authentication</name>
           <value>kerberos</value>
        </property>
        <property>
           <name>hadoop.security.authorization</name>
           <value>true</value>
        </property>

hadoop.security.authentication默认是simple方式，也就是基于文件系统的验证方式，这里我们改为kerberos

设置hdfs security

hdfs-site.xml

        <property>
                <name>dfs.block.access.token.enable</name>
                <value>true</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.https.enable</name>
                <value>false</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.https-address</name>
                <value>dev80.hadoop:50470</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.https.port</name>
                <value>50470</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.keytab.file</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.kerberos.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.kerberos.https.principal</name>
                <value>host/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
                <value>dev80.hadoop:50090</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.https-port</name>
                <value>50470</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.keytab.file</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.kerberos.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.kerberos.https.principal</name>
                <value>host/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir.perm</name>
                <value>700</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1003</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.http.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1007</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.https.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1005</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.keytab.file</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.kerberos.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.kerberos.https.principal</name>
                <value>host/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir.perm</name>
                <value>700</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1003</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.http.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1007</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.https.address</name>
                <value>0.0.0.0:1005</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.keytab.file</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.kerberos.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.kerberos.https.principal</name>
                <value>host/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.web.authentication.kerberos.principal</name>
                <value>HTTP/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
              <name>dfs.web.authentication.kerberos.keytab</name>
              <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
              <description>
                            The Kerberos keytab file with the credentials for the
                                  HTTP Kerberos principal used by Hadoop-Auth in the HTTP endpoint.
              </description>
        </property>

dfs.datanode.address表示data transceiver RPC server所绑定的hostname或IP地址，如果开启security，端口号必须小于1024，否则的话启动datanode时候会报“Cannot start secure cluster without privileged resources”错误

namenode和secondary namenode都是以hadoop用户身份启动

datanode需要以root用户身份用jsvc来启动，而Hadoop 2.x自身带的jsvc是32位版本的，需要去jsvc官网上重新下载编译

1. wget http://mirror.esocc.com/apache//commons/daemon/binaries/commons-daemon-1.0.15-bin.tar.gz

2. cd src/native/unix; configure; make

生成jsvc 64位executable，把它拷贝到$HADOOP_HOME/libexec

[hadoop@dev80 unix]$ file jsvc
jsvc: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, not stripped

3. mvn package

编译commons-daemon-1.0.15.jar，拷贝到$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib下，同时删除自带版本的commons-daemon jar包

hadoop-env.sh中修改

# The jsvc implementation to use. Jsvc is required to run secure datanodes.
export JSVC_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.1.0-beta/libexec
# On secure datanodes, user to run the datanode as after dropping privileges
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hadoop
# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=/usr/local/hadoop
# Where log files are stored in the secure data environment.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_LOG_DIR=/data/logs

分发配置和jar到整个集群

用hadoop帐号启动namenode，然后切换到root，再启动datanode，发现namenode web页面上有显示"

Security is  ON

"

设置yarn security

yarn-site.xml

        <property>
                <name>yarn.resourcemanager.keytab</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.resourcemanager.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.nodemanager.keytab</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.nodemanager.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.nodemanager.container-executor.class</name>
                <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.LinuxContainerExecutor</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.nodemanager.linux-container-executor.group</name>
                <value>hadoop</value>
        </property>

container-executor默认是DefaultContainerExecutor，是以起Nodemanager的用户身份启动container的，切换为LinuxContainerExecutor会以提交application的用户身份来启动，它使用一个setuid可执行文件来启动和销毁container

这个可执行文件在bin/container-executor，不过Hadoop默认带的还是32位版本，所以需要重新编译

下载Hadoop 2.x source code

mvn package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar -Dcontainer-executor.conf.dir=/etc

注：container-executor.conf.dir必须显示注明，它表示setuid可执行文件依赖的配置文件路径，默认会在$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop下，不过由于该文件需要父目录和以上的目录的owner都为root，要不然会有以下报错，所以为了方便我们设置为/etc

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell$ExitCodeException: File /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.1.0-beta/etc/hadoop must be owned by root, but is owned by 500
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.runCommand(Shell.java:458)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.run(Shell.java:373)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell$ShellCommandExecutor.execute(Shell.java:578)
        at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.LinuxContainerExecutor.init(LinuxContainerExecutor.java:147)

默认的寻找configuration路径

[root@dev80 bin]# strings container-executor  | grep etc

../etc/hadoop/container-executor.cfg

看出来是默认加载$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop /container-executor.cfg

加上container-executor.conf.dir=/etc 再编译后

[hadoop@dev80 bin]$ strings container-executor | grep etc

/etc/container-executor.cfg

container-executor.cfg中设置

yarn.nodemanager.linux-container-executor.group=hadoop
min.user.id=499

将container-executor拷贝到$HADOOP_HOME/bin

chown root:hadoop container-executor /etc/container-executor.cfg

chmod 4750 container-executor

chmod 400 /etc/container-executor.cfg

同步配置文件到整个集群，用hadoop帐号启动ResourceManager和Nodemanager

设置jobhistory server security

mapred-site.xml

        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.keytab</name>
                <value>/etc/hadoop.keytab</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.principal</name>
                <value>hadoop/_HOST@DIANPING.COM</value>
        </property>

启动JobHistoryServer

sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

执行命令kinit,获得一张tgt(ticket granting ticket)

[hadoop@dev80 hadoop]$ kinit -r 24l -k -t /home/hadoop/.keytab hadoop
[hadoop@dev80 hadoop]$ klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_500
Default principal: hadoop@DIANPING.COM
Valid starting     Expires            Service principal
09/11/13 15:25:34  09/12/13 15:25:34  krbtgt/DIANPING.COM@DIANPING.COM
 renew until 09/12/13 15:25:34

其中/tmp/krb5cc_500就是ticket cache file, 500表示hadoop帐号的uid，默认会读取

用户也可以通过设置export KRB5CCNAME=/tmp/krb5cc_500来指定ticket cache路径

用完之后可以kdestroy销毁掉该ticket cache

如果本地没有ticket cache，会报如下错误

13/09/11 16:21:35 ERROR security.UserGroupInformation: PriviledgedActionException as:hadoop (auth:KERBEROS) cause:java.io.IOException: javax.security.sasl.SaslException: GSS initiate failed [Caused by GSSException: No valid credentials provided (Mechanism level: Failed to find any Kerberos tgt)]

附上keytab中的principal

[hadoop@dev80 hadoop]$ klist -k -t /etc/hadoop.keytab
Keytab name: WRFILE:/etc/hadoop.keytab
KVNO Timestamp         Principal
---- ----------------- --------------------------------------------------------
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 hadoop/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 host/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM
   1 06/17/12 22:01:24 HTTP/dev80.hadoop@DIANPING.COM

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