一、相关知识介绍
以前只知道有CPU(Critical Patch Update)和PSU（Patch Set Update）,不知道还有个Bundle Patch,由于出现了TNS-12531的BUG问题，需要在windows上打至少为Patch bundle 22补丁。通过学习查找：
Oracle里的补丁具体分为如下这样6种类型：
Oracle Interim patches: A patch that is applied inbetween patchset releases with the Opatch utility. Interim patches aresometimes also referred to as patchset exceptions.
Oracle Merge patches: A type of interim patch thatmerges multiple fixes to ensure that one fix doesn't overwrite the other. Mergepatches are typically required when a conflict is detected between an existingpatch and a new patch.
Oracle Bundle patches: A type of interim patch that contains fixes to manyimportant bugs, though not as many as a patchset.
Oracle Critical Patch Update (CPU) patches: A typeof interim patch that contains fixes to critical security bugs delivered on aquarterly basis.
Patch Set Updates(PSUs): PSUs are proactivecumulative patches containing recommended bug fixes that are released on aregular and predictable schedule. PSUs are on the same quarterly schedule asthe Critical Patch Updates (CPU), specifically the Tuesday closest to the 15thof January, April, July, and October.
Oracle Patchsets: Software-release mechanisms fordelivering tested and integrated product fixes on a regular basis.
有人认为它只存在于windows系统上，其实在UNIX操作系统上也用该种类型的补丁。之所以这么划分是有其原因的，在Windows系统上，DLL’s(Dynamic Linked Libraries)和库中的可执行文件，不同于其他系统上的库文件，例如，UNIX上的为“.o”结尾的库文件，两者工作原理不同，
当用户在Windows执行补丁修复的时候，在ORACLE HOME中的Oracle的可执行文件将会被补丁中的可执行文件代替。这个行为的结果是，老的补丁将会丢失，所以Windows上不能执行一些个体BUG的修订，代替之的是，许多补丁会组成一起成为一个“Bundle Patch”。
所有的在Windows上的BundlePatch都是一个积累的，它意味着先前的安全告警修复和Bundle Patches都会被包括。
ORACLEDatabase（11.2.0.3.0）的所有的补丁信息都将在11.2.0.3 Patch Set - Availability and Known Issues [ID1348336.1]找到。
在文档ID 161549.1中找到了补丁16803774为最新的Bundle Patch。
二、大致步骤
由于本次做的补丁仅在单机的WINDOWS X64上做，如下步骤：
1、 确保perl的可执行路径在加载到PATH中
set PATH=%ORACLE_HOME%perlin;%PATH%
2、 关闭数据库，确保所有关于oracle的进程都将被关闭。
3、 设置ORACLE_HOME环境变量
SET ORACLE_HOME=<Oracle Home Path>
4、进入到下载的路径
> cd 16803775
5、确保OPatch的执行脚本在你的PATH设置中，执行补丁应用：
>opatch apply
6、如果出现错误，检查%ORACLE_HOME%cfgtoollogsopatch 下的补丁日志信息。
7、检查补丁应用的情况，最后不要忘记关注随Patch附带的Known Issues。
三、操作实录
C:UsersAdministrator>d:
D:>set PATH=%path%;D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1perlin
D:>set PATH=%path%;D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1OPatch
D:>opatch lsinv
The Oracle Home D: is not OUI basedhome.Please give proper Oracle Home.
OPatch returns with error code = 1
OPatch succeeded.
D:>set ORACLE_HOME=D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
--执行没有成功，设置正确的ORALCE_HOME后：
D:>opatch lsinv
Invoking OPatch 11.2.0.1.7
Oracle 中间补丁程序安装程序版本11.2.0.1.7
版权所有 (c) 2011, Oracle Corporation。保留所有权利。
Oracle Home :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
Central Inventory : C:ProgramFilesOracleInventory
from : n/a
OPatch version : 11.2.0.1.7
OUI version : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1cfgtoollogsopa
tchopatch2013-07-17_09-48-20上午.log
Lsinventory Output file location :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
cfgtoollogsopatchlsinvlsinventory2013-07-17_09-48-20上午.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
已安装的顶级产品 (1):
Oracle Database 11g 11.2.0.3.0
此 Oracle 主目录中已安装 1 个产品。
此 Oracle 主目录中未安装任何中间补丁程序。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
--我们可以看到11.2.0.3的初始化的OPatch为11.2.0.1.7，文档中要求OPatch utility release 11.2.0.1.9 or later.下载6880880OPatch 工具。
OPatch相关操作可以在http://blog.csdn.net/jyjxs/article/details/8983880中找到
--可以看到目录中没有应用Patch，进入到下载目录中
D:>cd D:p16803775_112030_MSWIN-x86-6416803775
D:p16803775_112030_MSWIN-x86-6416803775>opatch apply
Oracle 中间补丁程序安装程序版本11.2.0.3.4
版权所有 (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation。保留所有权利。
Oracle Home :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
Central Inventory : C:ProgramFilesOracleInventory
from : n/a
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1cfgtoollogsopa
tch16803775_Jul_17_2013_11_15_45apply2013-07-17_11-15-45上午_1.log
Applying interim patch '16803775' to OH'D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbh
ome_1'
Verifying environment and performingprerequisite checks...
Patch 16803775: Optional component(s)missing : [ oracle.precomp.lang, 11.2.0.3.
0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4msql, 11.2.0.3.0 ], [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 11.2.0.3.0 ] , [
oracle.has.cvu, 11.2.0.3.0 ] , [oracle.has.crs, 11.2.0.3.0 ] , [ oracle.usm, 1
1.2.0.3.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4db2,11.2.0.3.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4ifmx, 11.2
.0.3.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4sybs,11.2.0.3.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4tera, 11.2.0
.3.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.scheduler,11.2.0.3.0 ]
All checks passed.
提供电子邮件地址以用于接收有关安全问题的通知, 安装 Oracle Configuration Manager
并启动它。如果您使用 My Oracle
Support 电子邮件地址/用户名, 操作将更简单。
有关详细信息, 请访问 http://www.oracle.com/support/policies.html。
电子邮件地址/用户名:
尚未提供电子邮件地址以接收有关安全问题的通知。
是否不希望收到有关安全问题 (是 [Y], 否 [N]) [N] 的通知: Y
请关闭本地系统上在此 ORACLE_HOME 之外运行的 Oracle 实例。
(Oracle 主目录 ='D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1')
本地系统是否已准备打补丁? [y|n]
Y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.rsf, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.plsql, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.network.rsf, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.precomp.common, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.rman, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.util, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.ntoledb.odp_net_2, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.xdk.rsf, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.rdbms.oci, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.ntoramts, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.ntoledb, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.ctx, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.odbc.ic, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.has.common.cvu, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
正在为组件 oracle.xdk, 11.2.0.3.0 打补丁...
Verifying the update...
Patch 16803775 successfully applied
Log file location:D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1cfgtoollogsopat
ch16803775_Jul_17_2013_11_15_45apply2013-07-17_11-15-45上午_1.log
OPatch succeeded.
-- 检查更新后的数据库补丁状况，可以看到是11.2.0.3.4的，说明patch bundle 22 属于11.2.0.3.4的范围呢
D:p16803775_112030_MSWIN-x86-6416803775>opatch lsinv
Oracle 中间补丁程序安装程序版本11.2.0.3.4
版权所有 (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation。保留所有权利。
Oracle Home :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
Central Inventory : C:ProgramFilesOracleInventory
from : n/a
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1cfgtoollogsopa
tchopatch2013-07-17_11-25-57上午_1.log
Lsinventory Output file location :D:appAdministratorproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
cfgtoollogsopatchlsinvlsinventory2013-07-17_11-25-57上午.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
已安装的顶级产品 (1):
Oracle Database 11g 11.2.0.3.0
此 Oracle 主目录中已安装 1 个产品。
中间补丁程序 (1) :
Patch 16803775 : applied on Wed Jul17 11:18:00 CST 2013
Unique Patch ID: 16524503
Patch description: "ORACLE 11G 11.2.0.3 PATCH 22 BUG FORWINDOWS (64-BIT AMD64
AND INTEL EM64)"
Created on 01 Jul 2013, 00:06:51 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
16803775, 16694777, 14467061, 16530565, 14571027, 14512189, 14053457
13857111, 13855490, 13814739, 13724193, 13493847, 12925089, 12912137
12755116, 12395918, 7509451, 12940637, 16747736, 14302813, 14273397
14459552, 16703112, 16306019, 16014985, 15905421, 13561750, 13791364
13015379, 6690853 , 16382448, 13774324, 16279401, 16279211, 16555186
16436434, 16077216, 15978267, 15934834, 15920201, 15911134, 15856610
14639430,13936066, 13912274, 15998768, 13899736, 14010695, 16803769
13639436, 14153464, 11866181, 16571785, 16777700, 10255235, 16092378
16594543, 12621588, 16221484, 16356444, 13492916, 13774313, 13651346
12977562, 13794550, 13569591, 14653968, 14393728, 14692460, 15947884
13499412, 15866631, 15867962, 11769185, 16519867, 16195231, 14123213
13625770, 13880758, 15889476, 13583663, 16774393, 12957306, 16223585
12621554, 12325243, 16002686, 13555551, 13789869, 13529386, 13599731
13446912, 16590638, 16245251, 12596686, 16198581, 14781609, 16694441
14000767, 16596183, 16339328, 16220192, 9864697, 16465101, 16578706
16656151, 14383007, 10131881, 14146298, 14222403, 14182835, 16458105
14107333, 16061956, 14657740, 13454409, 13809288, 13596581, 13850256
12951696, 16023490, 16455998, 9073910, 16212012, 16301888, 16009158
14489591, 13376140, 15857552, 14223541, 14781524, 16235055, 16178854
14355991, 12731763, 14309223, 14158012, 16219072, 16345834, 16368108
16382353, 10242202, 11715084, 13098318, 13496884, 13680405, 13812031
13914613, 14472647, 16175381, 16231699, 16299830, 15880538, 16368002
16268983, 12770551, 16100861, 15883525, 16270093, 14240074, 13931044
9185970, 14340896, 15936160, 16032010, 16206122, 15967792, 16026049
15956068, 15873502, 14589685, 13834436, 16059292, 13481404, 14630325
16042670, 13035320, 16272008, 14147762, 12974860, 12780510, 12824731
13924311, 14710852, 13559697, 14220725, 14841812, 14841558, 13596521
13561951, 13838047, 13943175, 14268365, 14535011, 12704789, 12870400
13011182, 13256955, 13694885, 13745317, 13924910, 13955385, 14048512
13791443, 12879027, 13584130, 13495307, 12594032, 13709220, 13247965
13243072, 13683125, 13652493, 12957127, 10215977, 13014128, 13040331
12857222, 12977501, 12664456, 12405931, 13525554, 13492863, 13573521
13873471, 13366268, 13352423, 13460353, 12709476, 13652088, 13886023
13942723, 12919564, 12894807, 12829021, 12612118, 11063191, 13503598
13482688, 13354082, 13484963, 13395403, 13542159, 12983611, 13718476
12846562, 9659614, 13326736, 11846902, 11665727, 13257247, 13588248
13544396, 13566938, 13615517, 13425727, 13037709, 12730342, 12349553
13502441, 13258062, 13251796, 13247273, 12659561, 12639013, 12594616
11772838, 13570057, 12403721, 12585543, 12784549, 12834800, 12975771
13040171, 13058950, 13063120, 13077335, 13365700, 13382280, 13384397
13440516, 13454210, 13457537, 13477790, 13496250, 13501787, 13505390
13506110, 13524899, 13572659, 13594712, 13617627, 13326289, 13555974
13035360, 13420224, 13419660, 13036331, 13332439, 13420174, 12583826
13358781, 11883969, 13524237, 12867713, 13328193, 13516727, 11865420
13502183, 13259364, 13371153, 12998795, 13413168, 12897902, 13044108
12971242, 12834027, 12620823, 13420516, 12849377, 12975811, 12646784
12829429, 12538907, 12950823, 12848480, 12823838, 13366202, 13002015
12834777, 13001901, 13017428, 13082238, 12965049, 11840910, 12656535
12617123, 13073340, 12925041, 12938841, 13023632, 13066371, 12942119
11877623, 12810890, 12995950, 12765467, 12934171, 13070939, 12535346
12985184, 13103913, 12765868, 12622441, 12876314, 12820045, 13038806
13090686, 12923168, 13362079, 12591252, 12718090, 12873909, 10350832
12795861, 13039908, 12976590, 13017584, 12627504, 13263435, 12847466
12797765, 12758736, 12878750, 12861463, 13024624, 12764337, 12662040
13068077, 12914824, 13074261, 12668341, 12597906, 12932852, 13045518
12897651, 12960925, 12728585, 13019958, 12902661, 12886827, 12913474
3522216, 12678920, 12885323, 13334158, 12947871, 12896850, 13001955
12784559, 12827166, 9703627, 12772345, 12905058, 13345868, 10357727
12827493, 13004894, 12780983, 12842804, 13146719, 12655301, 12960302
13085732, 12979199, 12638117, 13357509, 12401111, 12857064, 8631856
13035804, 13355963, 12845115, 12695029, 12990582, 12971775, 12867511
12917230, 12582664, 12849688, 12950644, 12588744, 13011520, 12899169,12823
042
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
D:p16803775_112030_MSWIN-x86-6416803775>opatchls patches
16803775;ORACLE 11G 11.2.0.3 PATCH 22 BUG FOR WINDOWS (64-BIT AMD64 AND INTEL EM
64)