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  • IOS开发之---触摸和手势

    Touch:在与设备的多点触摸屏交互时生成。
    
    响应者对象
    响应者对象就是可以响应事件并对事件作出处理。在iOS中,存在UIResponder类,它定义了响应者对象的所有方法。UIApplication、UIView等类都继承了UIResponder类这些类的实例都可以当作响应者。
    
     第一响应者
    当前接受触摸的响应者对象被称为第一响应者,即表示当前该对象正在与用户交互,它是响应者链的开端。
    
    响应者链
    事件被交由第一响应者对象处理,如果第一响应者不处理,事件被沿着响应者链向上传递,交给下一个响应者。一般来说,第一响应者是个视图或控件,并且首先对事件进行响应,如果第一响应者不处理该事件,事件就会被传递给它的视图控制器,如果此视图控制器不处理该事件,则将事件传递给父视图,如果父视图没有响应,则该事件转到父视图控制器。
    ,以此类推,直到顶层视图。接下来会沿着顶层视图到窗口(UIWindow对象)再到程序(UIApplication对象)。如果UIApplication不响应该事件,该事件逐渐进入睡眠状态。
    
    当发生触摸时,会触发下列方法:
    touchesBegan:withEvent  
    touchesMoved:withEvent  
    touchesEnded:withEvent  
    touchesCancelled:withEvent  
    
    在给定的触摸阶段中,如果发生新的触摸动作或已有的触摸动作发生变化,应用程序就会发送如下消息:
    当一个或多个手指触碰屏幕时,发送touchesBegan:withEvent:消息。
    当一个或多个手指在屏幕上移动时,发送touchesMoved:withEvent:消息。
    当一个或多个手指离开屏幕时,发送touchesEnded:withEvent:消息。
    当触摸序列被诸如电话呼入这样的系统事件所取消时,发送touchesCancelled:withEvent:消息。
    
    以上方法都有两个参数。
    第一个参数是一个UITouch对象的集合,表示给定阶段中 新的或者发生变化的触摸动作;第二个参数是一个UIEvent对象,表示这个特定的事件。
    
    为了处理给定阶段的事件,响应者对象常常从传入的集合参数中取得一或多个UITouch对象,然后考察这些对象的属性或取得它们的位置.
    1.如果需要处理所有触摸对象,可以向该NSSet对象发送anyObject消息。
    2.UITouch实例的tapCount属性还可以给出发生多少次触碰
    3.UITouch类中有一个名为locationInView:的重要方法,如果传入self参数值,它会给出触摸动作在响应者坐标系统中的位置
    
    检测双击手势
    - (void) touchesEnded:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event
    {
        UITouch *touch = [touches  anyObject];
        if ([touch tapCount] == 2) {
            CGPoint tapPoint = [theTouch locationInView:self];
            // Process a double-tap gesture
        }
    }
    
    响应者类并不是必须实现上面列出的事件方法。举例来说,如果它只对手指离开屏幕感兴趣,则只需要实现touchesEnded:withEvent:方法就可以了。
    
    UILabel *_messageLabel;
    @property(nonatomic, retain) UILabel  *messageLabel;
    
    @synthesize messageLabel = _messageLabel;
    
     //创建messageLabel
      _messageLabel = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 280, 80)];
      _messageLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
      _messageLabel.textAlignment =  UITextAlignmentLeft;
      [self.view addSubview:messageLabel];
     
    
    - (void)updateMessageLabelFromTouches:(NSSet *)touches touchStr:(NSString *)touchStr
    {
       int munTaps = [[touches anyobject] tapCount];
       NSString *tapsMessage = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@,%d touches",touchStr,munTaps]
      _messageLabel.text = tapsMessage;
    }
    // 手指触碰屏幕时
    - (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
    {
       NSString *tmpStr = @"Touches Began";
      [sele updateMessageLabelFromTouches:touches touchStr:tmpStr];
       
    }
    
    // 手指在屏幕上移动时
    - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event;
    {
       NSString *tmpStr = @"Touches Moved";
      [sele updateMessageLabelFromTouches:touches touchStr:tmpStr];
    }
    
    // 手指离开屏幕时
    - (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event;
    {
        NSString *tmpStr = @"Touches Ended";
       [sele updateMessageLabelFromTouches:touches touchStr:tmpStr];
    }
    
    // 当触摸序列被系统事件所取消时
    - (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
    {
       NSString *tmpStr = @"Touches Cancelled";
       [sele updateMessageLabelFromTouches:touches touchStr:tmpStr];
    }
    
    2.手势:是指从你用一个或多个手指接触屏幕时开始,直到你的手指离开屏幕为止所发生的所有事件。
    
    2.1.UITapGestureRecognizer敲击手势(单击和双击)
     2.2.UIPanGestureRecognizer(拖动手势)
     2.3.UIPinchGestureRecognizer(缩放手势)
     2.4.UISwipeGestureRecognizer(滑动手势)
     2.5.UIRotationGestureRecognizer(旋转手势)
     2.6.UILongPressGestureRecognizer(长按手势)
    
        •    1.UITapGestureRecognizer敲击手势
    UIView *_view
    _View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 50, 300, 300)];
    [_view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
    
    // 单击的 Recognizer
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapRecognizer= [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tap:)];
    //点击的次数
    tapRecognizer.numberOfTapsRequired = 1; // 单击
    tapRecognizer.numberOfTapsRequired = 2; // 双击
    //点击的手指数
    singleRecognizer.numberOfTouchesRequired = 1;
    
    //给view添加一个手势监测;
    [tapView addGestureRecognizer:singleRecognizer];
    
    // 单击或双击后调用的方法
    - (void) tap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender
    {
          if (sender.numberOfTapsRequired == 1) {
              [_view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor greenColor]];
          }else if(sender.numberOfTapsRequired == 2){
              //双击
              [_view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]];
          }
     }
    
    2.1UIPanGestureRecognizer(拖动手势)
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *panRecognizer = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pan:)];
    [_view  addGestureRecognizer: panRecognizer];
    
    -(void) pan:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *) pan
    {
        [_panView  setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; 
    
    }
    
    3.1UIPinchGestureRecognizer(缩放手势)
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchRecognizer = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinch:)];
    [_view addGestureRecognizer: *pinchRecognizer];
    
    - (void)pinch:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)pinch
    {
        [_pinchView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; 
    }
    
    4.1 UISwipeGestureRecognizer 滑动手势
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeRecognizer = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipe:)];
    //设置滑动方向  Down/Left/Right/Up
    swipeRecognizer.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown; 
    [_view addGestureRecognizer:swipeRecognizer];
    
    - (void)swipe:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)swipe
    {
        [_swipeView  setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; 
    }
    
    5.1UIRotationGestureRecognizer(旋转手势)
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotation:)] 
    [_view addGestureRecognizer:rotation];
    
    - (void) rotation:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)rotation
    {
        [_rotationView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; 
    }
    
    6.1 UILongPressGestureRecognizer长按手势
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPress:)];
    [_longPressView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];
    longPress.minimumPressDuration = 3.0; // 按3秒相应
    [_view addGestureRecognizer:longPress];
    
    - (void)longPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longPress
    {
        [_longPressView  setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; 
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/joesen/p/3572840.html
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