查看linux服务器的yum源设置： [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 564 Dec 27 11:27 CentOS-Media.repo [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo # CentOS-Media.repo # # This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for # CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the # DVD ISO that we release. # # To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too: # yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command] # # or for ONLY the media repo, do this: # # yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=c6-media [command] [c6-media] name=CentOS-$releasever - Media baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 ~ ~ "CentOS-Media.repo" 19L, 564C written [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# 我们这里的yum源url设置是file:///mnt/cdrom/，所以需要提前将光盘挂载到/mnt/cdrom/目录（如果没有cdrom目录就创建该目录），其中挂载的命令是： mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom 注意，每次重启linux服务器都要使用以上命令将光盘（CentOS-6.7-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso和CentOS-6.7-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso， 只要将前一个iso挂载即可）挂载到/mnt/cdrom目录，否则yum命令无法使用。 然后可以使用yum list命令来查看一下光盘是否挂载成功： [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep mysql mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep mysql mysql-community-release.noarch el6-5 @/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch apr-util-mysql.x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 c6-media bacula-director-mysql.x86_64 5.0.0-13.el6 c6-media bacula-storage-mysql.x86_64 5.0.0-13.el6 c6-media dovecot-mysql.x86_64 1:2.0.9-19.el6 c6-media freeradius-mysql.x86_64 2.2.6-4.el6 c6-media libdbi-dbd-mysql.x86_64 0.8.3-5.1.el6 c6-media mod_auth_mysql.x86_64 1:3.0.0-11.el6_0.1 c6-media mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-bench.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-connector-java.noarch 1:5.1.17-6.el6 c6-media mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 5.1.5r1144-7.el6 c6-media mysql-devel.i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-embedded.i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-embedded.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-embedded-devel.i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-libs.i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media mysql-test.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media php-mysql.x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 c6-media qt-mysql.i686 1:4.6.2-28.el6_5 c6-media qt-mysql.x86_64 1:4.6.2-28.el6_5 c6-media rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 5.8.10-10.el6_6 c6-media rsyslog7-mysql.x86_64 7.4.10-3.el6_6 c6-media [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y mysql-server mysql mysql-deve Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile No package mysql-deve available. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs = 5.1.73-5.el6_6 for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed ---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media 894 k mysql-server x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media 8.6 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-media 1.2 M perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013-3.el6 c6-media 134 k perl-DBI x86_64 1.609-4.el6 c6-media 705 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 5 Package(s) Total download size: 12 M Installed size: 33 M Downloading Packages: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 46 MB/s | 12 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 1/5 Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 2/5 Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 3/5 Installing : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 4/5 Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 5/5 Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 1/5 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 2/5 Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 3/5 Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 4/5 Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 5/5 Installed: mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 Dependency Installed: mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 Complete! [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qi mysql-server Name : mysql-server Relocations: (not relocatable) Version : 5.1.73 Vendor: CentOS Release : 5.el6_6 Build Date: Mon 22 Jun 2015 06:08:32 AM PDT Install Date: Tue 27 Dec 2016 02:12:44 PM PST Build Host: c6b9.bsys.dev.centos.org Group : Applications/Databases Source RPM: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.src.rpm Size : 25882979 License: GPLv2 with exceptions Signature : RSA/SHA1, Mon 22 Jun 2015 07:30:08 AM PDT, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> URL : http://www.mysql.com Summary : The MySQL server and related files Description : MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld) and many different client programs and libraries. This package contains the MySQL server and some accompanying files and directories. [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Name : mysql-server Relocations: (not relocatable) -bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Version : 5.1.73 Vendor: CentOS Release : 5.el6_6 Build Date: Mon 22 Jun 2015 06:08:32 AM PDT Install Date: Tue 27 Dec 2016 02:12:44 PM PST Build Host: c6b9.bsys.dev.centos.org Group : Applications/Databases Source RPM: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.src.rpm Size : 25882979 License: GPLv2 with exceptions Signature : RSA/SHA1, Mon 22 Jun 2015 07:30:08 AM PDT, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> URL : http://www.mysql.com Summary : The MySQL server and related files Description : -bash: Version: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Release : 5.el6_6 Build Date: Mon 22 Jun 2015 06:08:32 AM PDT -bash: Release: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Install Date: Tue 27 Dec 2016 02:12:44 PM PST Build Host: c6b9.bsys.dev.centos.org MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a -bash: Install: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Group : Applications/Databases Source RPM: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.src.rpm -bash: Group: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Size : 25882979 License: GPLv2 with exceptions -bash: Size: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Signature : RSA/SHA1, Mon 22 Jun 2015 07:30:08 AM PDT, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de -bash: Signature: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> -bash: syntax error near unexpected token `newline' [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# URL : http://www.mysql.com -bash: URL: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Summary : The MySQL server and related files -bash: Summary: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# Description : -bash: Description: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a -bash: MySQL: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld) -bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# and many different client programs and libraries. This package contains -bash: and: command not found [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# service mysqld start Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hadoop03 password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script! [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# service mysqld restart Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root' [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use test Database changed mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tables; +---------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysql | +---------------------------+ | columns_priv | | db | | event | | func | | general_log | | help_category | | help_keyword | | help_relation | | help_topic | | host | | ndb_binlog_index | | plugin | | proc | | procs_priv | | servers | | slow_log | | tables_priv | | time_zone | | time_zone_leap_second | | time_zone_name | | time_zone_transition | | time_zone_transition_type | | user | +---------------------------+ 23 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit! Aborted [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# mysql -uroot -proot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit! Aborted [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# service mysqld restart Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] [root@hadoop03 yum.repos.d]# ============================================================================================== MySQL数据库安装之后，出现乱码问题。 问题描述：在linux上安装MySQL数据库之后，使用SecureCRT工具连接MySQL查询数据，数据中出现中文乱码问题： [root@hadoop03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use taotao; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tales; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'tales' at line 1 mysql> show tables; +---------------------+ | Tables_in_taotao | +---------------------+ | tb_content | | tb_content_category | | tb_item | | tb_item_cat | | tb_item_desc | | tb_item_param | | tb_item_param_item | | tb_order | | tb_order_item | | tb_order_shipping | | tb_user | +---------------------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from tb_item limit 1; +-----------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | id | title | sell_point | price | num | barcode | image | cid | status | created | updated | +-----------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | 148294659268204 | TCL D48A261 48?? ???? ??TV ???? | TCL D48A261 48?? ???? ??TV ???? | 89900 | 999 | | http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946504821995.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505522895.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505646369.jpg | 560 | 1 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | +-----------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 下面是解决乱码问题的整个过程： [root@hadoop03 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 default-character-set = utf8 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid # set mysql character_set [client] default-character-set = utf8 ~ ~ ~ "/etc/my.cnf" 18L, 348C written [root@hadoop03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] [root@hadoop03 ~]# mysql> show variables like '%character%'; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 2 Current database: *** NONE *** +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) 然后重启一下mysql服务： [root@hadoop03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] 重新使用SecureCRT工具连接MySQL再次查询数据，还是乱码，但是这次的乱码和上次不一样了： mysql> select * from tb_item limit 1; +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | id | title | sell_point | price | num | barcode | image | cid | status | created | updated | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | 148294659268204 | TCL D48A261 48鑻卞� 寰�俊鐢佃� 寰�俊TV 娴烽噺鐖卞� | TCL D48A261 48鑻卞� 寰�俊鐢佃� 寰�俊TV 娴烽噺鐖卞� | 89900 | 999 | | http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946504821995.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505522895.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505646369.jpg | 560 | 1 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 猜想可能是SecureCRT客户端工具的编码设置有问题，所以设置一下SecureCRT客户端的字符编码； 选择菜单中的Options->Session-Options->Appearance，然后找到右侧的Character-encoding，将其设置为UTF-8即可。 下面使用SecureCRT工具连接MySQL再次查询数据，乱码问题解决： mysql> select * from tb_item limit 1; +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | id | title | sell_point | price | num | barcode | image | cid | status | created | updated | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ | 148294659268204 | TCL D48A261 48英寸 微信电视 微信TV 海量爱奇 | TCL D48A261 48英寸 微信电视 微信TV 海量爱奇 | 89900 | 999 | | http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946504821995.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505522895.jpg,http://hadoop01:8088/images/2016/12/28/1482946505646369.jpg | 560 | 1 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | 2016-12-28 09:36:32 | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+--------+---------------------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>