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  • day22_1-课前上节复习+os模块


    # ********************day22_1-课前上节复习+os模块 *******************
    # ********************day22_1-课前上节复习+os模块 *******************
    # ********************day22_1-课前上节复习+os模块 *******************
    # =====>>>>>>内容概览
    # =====>>>>>>内容概览
    # =====>>>>>>内容概览
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 1、from 目录 import 文件
    # # # 一般来说,涉及的跨目录调用一般是嵌套2层
    目录结构:
    day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py( 该运行文件 )
    day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\binin.py
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 2、sys修改环境变量(临时)
    # # # 格式:sys.path.append("路径字符串") 或者 sys.path.append(r"路径字符串")
    # # # 只有在运行该程序的时候才进行临修改,永久性修改的话要去“系统属性中修改”
    # # # 永久性修改:win7电脑怎样修改环境变量_百度经验
    # # # https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b24f6c82cba6dc86bfe5da9f.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 3、os.path.dirname(__file__) 与 os.path.abspath(__file__)
    # # # 返回的是.py文件的目录
    # # # 1) os.path.dirname(__file__)使用、Python os.path.abspath(__file__)使用 - 洛水浮生 - 博客园
    # # # http://www.cnblogs.com/luoshuifusheng/p/9207238.html
    # # # 2) python中的os.path.dirname(__file__)的使用 - CSDN博客
    # # # https://blog.csdn.net/u011760056/article/details/46969883
    # # #
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 4、os.path.dirname(__file__) 与 os.path.abspath(__file__) 应用
    # # # 在文件工程拷贝中,需要保证工程到其他的电脑系统中,不会出现文件路径问题,
    # # # 可用下面的方式来解决
    # # 4.1 __file__ 这个拿到的是当前的文件名,在pycharm编译器中,编译器自动帮你添加了文件所在的路径
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 5、os.getcwd()
    # # # os.getcwd() 方法用于返回当前工作目录。
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 6、os.chdir()
    # # # os.chdir() 方法用于改变当前工作目录到指定的路径。
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 7、os.chdir() 、 os.path.dirname 、 os.path.abspath() 与 __file__应用
    # # # 获取执行文件所在的目录以及上级目录
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 8、os.curdir 返回当前目录: ('.')
    # # # 返回当前目录: ('.'),它就是一个"."
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 9、os.pardir
    # # # 获取当前目录的父目录字符串名:('..')
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 10、os.makedirs
    # # # 可生成多层递归目录,需要注意的是,这个是在当前目录下所创建的
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux: "a/b/c"; windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 11、os.removedirs
    # # # 若目录为空,则删除,并递归到上一级目录,如若也为空,则删除,依此类推
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux: "a/b/c"; windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 12、os.mkdir
    # # # 生成单级目录;相当于shell中mkdir dirname
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux: "a/b/c"; windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 13、os.rmdir
    # # # 删除单级空目录,若目录不为空则无法删除,报错;相当于shell中rmdir dirname
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux: "a/b/c"; windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 14、os.listdir('dirname')
    # # # 列出指定目录下的所有文件和子目录,包括隐藏文件,并以 列表方式打印
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 15、os.remove()
    # # # 删除一个文件
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 16、os.rename()
    # # # rename 重命名文件/目录
    # # # Python os.rename() 方法 | 菜鸟教程
    # # # http://www.runoob.com/python/os-rename.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 17、os.stat('path/filename') 获取文件/目录信息
    # # # 获取文件/目录信息
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 18、os.sep
    # # # 输出操作系统特定的路径分隔符,win下为"\"(双斜杆,是因为第一个是转义字符),Linux下为"/"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 19、os.linesep
    # # # 输出当前平台使用的行终止符,win下为" ",Linux下为" "
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 20、os.pathsep
    # # # 输出用于分割文件路径的字符串 win下为;,Linux下为:
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 21、os.name
    # # # 输出字符串指示当前使用平台。win->'nt'; Linux->'posix'
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 22、os.system("bash command")
    # # # 运行shell命令,直接显示
    # # # 输出的结果和在控制台上运行的效果是一样的,只不过是用到了python os的模块来完成。
    # # # 分享python os.system一点心得 - 老王python - 博客园
    # # # https://www.cnblogs.com/wanpython/archive/2010/12/15/1906468.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # # 23、os.environ
    # # # 获取系统环境变量
    # # # 当前系统的环境变量的查看方式:
    # # # win7电脑怎样修改环境变量_百度经验
    # # # https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b24f6c82cba6dc86bfe5da9f.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 24、os.path.split(path)
    # # # 将path分割成目录和文件名二元组返回
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 25、os.path.basename(path)
    # # # 返回path最后的文件名。如何path以/或结尾,那么就会返回空值。
    # # # 即os.path.split(path)的第二个元素
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 26、os.path.exists(path)
    # # # 如果path存在,返回True;如果path不存在,返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 27、os.path.isabs(path)
    # # # 如果path是绝对路径,返回True
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 28、os.path.isfile(path)
    # # # 如果path是一个存在的文件,返回True。否则返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 29、os.path.isdir(path)
    # # # 如果path是一个存在的目录,则返回True。否则返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 30、os.path.join(path1[, path2[, ...]])
    # # # 将多个路径组合后返回,第一个绝对路径之前的参数将被忽略
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 31、os.path.getatime(path)
    # # # 返回path所指向的文件或者目录的最后存取时间
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 32、os.path.getmtime(path)
    # # # 返回path所指向的文件或者目录的最后修改时间
    # ------------------------------------------------------------

    # 01 模块的补充
    # 01 模块的补充
    # 01 模块的补充
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 1、from 目录 import 文件
    # # # 一般来说,涉及的跨目录调用一般是嵌套2层
    目录结构:
    day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py( 该运行文件 )
    day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\binin.py
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    # from bin import bin
    # if __name__ == "__main__":
    #     print(bin.hello())
    # #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # here is bin directory!
    # # hi! I am function hello!
    # # None
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    # 02 sys修改环境变量
    # 02 sys修改环境变量
    # 02 sys修改环境变量
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 2、sys修改环境变量(临时)
    # # # 格式:sys.path.append("路径字符串") 或者 sys.path.append(r"路径字符串") 
    # # # 只有在运行该程序的时候才进行临修改,永久性修改的话要去“系统属性中修改”
    # # # 永久性修改:win7电脑怎样修改环境变量_百度经验
    # # # https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b24f6c82cba6dc86bfe5da9f.html
    
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    
    """
    #
    # import sys
    # print("before:  ",sys.path)
    # sys.path.append("day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/bin/bin.py")
    # print("after:   ",sys.path)
    #
    # sys.path.append(r"day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/bin/bin.py")      # 正则的时候会有这个知识点
    # print("after:   ",sys.path)
    # #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # before:   ['D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\Anaconda3\python36.zip', 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin', 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend']
    # # after:    ['D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\Anaconda3\python36.zip', 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin', 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/bin/bin.py']
    # # after:    ['D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\Anaconda3\python36.zip', 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin', 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/bin/bin.py', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/bin/bin.py']
    # # D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    # 03 BASEDIR的介绍
    # 03 BASEDIR的介绍
    # 03 BASEDIR的介绍
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 3、os.path.dirname(__file__) 与  os.path.abspath(__file__)
    # # # 返回的是.py文件的目录
    # # # 1) os.path.dirname(__file__)使用、Python os.path.abspath(__file__)使用 - 洛水浮生 - 博客园
    # # # http://www.cnblogs.com/luoshuifusheng/p/9207238.html
    # # # 2) python中的os.path.dirname(__file__)的使用 - CSDN博客
    # # # https://blog.csdn.net/u011760056/article/details/46969883
    # # # 
    
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print("__file__: 
    ",__file__)
    # # 返回脚本的路径( 执行文件下的前一级目录,这个是基于当前系统下的绝对路径,
    # # 当工程的位置修改后,就可能导致出错)
    # print(os.path.dirname(__file__))
    #
    # # 返回的是.py文件的绝对路径(完整路径)
    # print( os.path.abspath(__file__) )
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # __file__:
    # #  D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 4、os.path.dirname(__file__) 与  os.path.abspath(__file__)  应用
    # # # 在文件工程拷贝中,需要保证工程到其他的电脑系统中,不会出现文件路径问题,
    # # # 可用下面的方式来解决
    # # 4.1 __file__    这个拿到的是当前的文件名,在pycharm编译器中,编译器自动帮你添加了文件所在的路径
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    # import os,sys
    #
    # # # 这种虽然与下面的方式,似乎区别不大,但是实际上,这种方式在工程拷贝到其他电脑的时候
    # # # 非常容易出错,因此采用的是下面的那种方式
    # BASE_DIR1 = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname((__file__)))
    # sys.path.append(BASE_DIR1)
    # print(BASE_DIR1)
    # print(sys.path)
    #
    # # # 该的前一级目录(这个在工程拷贝到其他的系统中常用)<<<<<==========推荐使用
    # BASE_DIR2 = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    # sys.path.append(BASE_DIR2)
    # print(BASE_DIR2)
    # print(sys.path)
    #
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # D:/C_cache/py
    # # ['D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\Anaconda3\python36.zip', 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin', 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend', 'D:/C_cache/py']
    # # D:C_cachepy
    # # ['D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'D:\Anaconda3\python36.zip', 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32\lib', 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin', 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend', 'D:/C_cache/py', 'D:\C_cache\py']
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    # 04 os模块的绍介
    # 04 os模块的绍介
    # 04 os模块的绍介
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 5、os.getcwd() 
    # # # os.getcwd() 方法用于返回当前工作目录。
    
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print( os.getcwd())
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 6、os.chdir() 
    # # # os.chdir() 方法用于改变当前工作目录到指定的路径。
    
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print( "当前目录:   ",os.getcwd())
    # print("返回上级目录:" ,os.chdir(".."))
    # print( "当前目录:   ",os.getcwd())
    #
    # print("D:\:        ", os.chdir("D:\"))
    # print( "当前目录:   ",os.getcwd())
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 当前目录:    D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # 返回上级目录: None
    # # 当前目录:    D:C_cachepy
    # # D::         None
    # # 当前目录:    D:
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 7、os.chdir() 、 os.path.dirname 、 os.path.abspath() 与 __file__应用
    # # # 获取执行文件所在的目录以及上级目录
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print( "当前目录:                    ",os.getcwd())
    # print( "执行文件的绝对路径:          ",os.path.abspath(__file__) )
    #
    # os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    # print( "返回执行文件的所在的目录:    ",os.getcwd())
    #
    # os.chdir(os.path.dirname( os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) )
    # print( "返回执行文件的上一级目录:    ",os.getcwd())
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 当前目录:                     D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # 执行文件的绝对路径:           D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 返回执行文件的所在的目录:     D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # 返回执行文件的上一级目录:     D:C_cachepy
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 8、os.curdir  返回当前目录: ('.')
    # # # 返回当前目录: ('.'),它就是一个"."
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.getcwd())
    # print(os.curdir)
    #
    # print(os.getcwd())
    # print(os.chdir("d:\"))
    #
    # print(os.getcwd())
    # os.chdir( os.curdir )
    # print(os.getcwd())
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # .
    # # D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # None
    # # d:
    # # d:
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 9、os.pardir  
    # # # 获取当前目录的父目录字符串名:('..')
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.pardir)
    #
    # print(os.getcwd())
    # print(os.chdir(os.pardir))
    # print(os.getcwd())
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ..
    # # D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # None
    # # D:C_cachepy
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 10、os.makedirs
    # # # 可生成多层递归目录,需要注意的是,这个是在当前目录下所创建的
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux:   "a/b/c";       windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # os.makedirs("a/b/c")
    # os.makedirs("a1\b1\c1")
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 11、os.removedirs
    # # #  若目录为空,则删除,并递归到上一级目录,如若也为空,则删除,依此类推
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux:   "a/b/c";       windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # # 当前文件夹下创建文件夹
    # os.makedirs("a/b/c")
    # os.makedirs("a1\b1\c1")
    # # 对上面的文件夹删除
    # os.removedirs("a/b/c")
    # os.removedirs("a1\b1\c1")
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 12、os.mkdir
    # # # 生成单级目录;相当于shell中mkdir dirname
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux:   "a/b/c";       windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # os.mkdir("mkfile")
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 13、os.rmdir
    # # #  删除单级空目录,若目录不为空则无法删除,报错;相当于shell中rmdir dirname
    # # # 分隔符有两种表达,linux:   "a/b/c";       windows:"a1\b1\c1"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    
    import os
    # 当前文件夹下创建文件夹
    # os.mkdir("mkfile")
    # 并在 mkfile1 文件夹中文一个文件
    # os.mkdir("mkfile1")
    # 删除上述创建的文件夹
    # os.rmdir("mkfile")
    # 这里会报错,因为文件目录不是空的
    # os.rmdir("mkfile1")
    #
    # #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 14、os.listdir('dirname')
    # # # 列出指定目录下的所有文件和子目录,包括隐藏文件,并以  列表方式打印
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print( os.listdir(os.curdir) )
    # #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ['.idea', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'mkfile', 'mkfile1']
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 15、os.remove()
    # # # 删除一个文件
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.listdir(os.curdir))
    # print(os.remove('a'))
    # print(os.listdir(os.curdir))
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ['.idea', 'a', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'mkfile', 'mkfile1']
    # # None
    # # ['.idea', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'mkfile', 'mkfile1']
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 16、os.rename()
    # # # rename    重命名文件/目录    
    # # # Python os.rename() 方法 | 菜鸟教程
    # # # http://www.runoob.com/python/os-rename.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # os.makedirs("a1\b1")
    # print("目录结构:", os.listdir(os.getcwd()))
    #
    # # ("a1\b1")=====》("a1\b22")
    # os.rename("a1\b1","a1\b22")         # 会报错
    # # a1===>>a22
    # os.rename("a1","a22")
    #
    # print("目录结构:", os.listdir(os.getcwd()))
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 目录结构: ['.idea', 'a', 'a1', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'mkfile', 'mkfile1']
    # # 目录结构: ['.idea', 'a', 'a22', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'mkfile', 'mkfile1']
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 17、os.stat('path/filename')  获取文件/目录信息
    # # # 获取文件/目录信息
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # print(os.listdir(os.getcwd()))
    #
    # os.mkdir("new")
    # print(os.listdir(os.getcwd()))
    #
    # print(os.stat("new"))
    # print(type(os.stat("new")) )
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ['.idea', 'a', 'a22', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py']
    # # ['.idea', 'a', 'a22', 'bin', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py', 'new']
    # # os.stat_result(st_mode=16895, st_ino=8725724278321625, st_dev=3088873539, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=0, st_atime=1533522093, st_mtime=1533522093, st_ctime=1533522093)
    # # <class 'os.stat_result'>
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 18、os.sep   
    # # #  输出操作系统特定的路径分隔符,win下为"\"(双斜杆,是因为第一个是转义字符),Linux下为"/"
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.sep)
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 19、os.linesep    
    # # #  输出当前平台使用的行终止符,win下为"
    ",Linux下为"
    "
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # # 默认被编译器处理为“回车”
    # print((os.linesep),type(os.linesep))
    # # 默认被编译器处理为“回车”
    # print(str(os.linesep))
    # print(list(os.linesep))
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # #  <class 'str'>
    # #
    # #
    # # ['
    ', '
    ']
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 20、os.pathsep       
    # # #  输出用于分割文件路径的字符串 win下为;,Linux下为:
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.pathsep)
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ;
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 21、os.name           
    # # #  输出字符串指示当前使用平台。win->'nt'; Linux->'posix'
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.name)
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # nt
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 22、os.system("bash command")             
    # # # 运行shell命令,直接显示
    # # # 输出的结果和在控制台上运行的效果是一样的,只不过是用到了python os的模块来完成。
    # # # 分享python os.system一点心得 - 老王python - 博客园
    # # # https://www.cnblogs.com/wanpython/archive/2010/12/15/1906468.html
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print( os.system("bash command") )
    # os.system("ping www.baidu.com")
    #
    # 结果是乱码的原因是因是pycharm中py的编码格式是 utf-8 的关系
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 'bash' �����ڲ����ⲿ���Ҳ���ǿ����еij���
    # # ���������ļ���
    # # 1
    # #
    # # ���� Ping www.a.shifen.com [14.215.177.38] ���� 32 �ֽڵ�����:
    # # ���� 14.215.177.38 �Ļظ�: �ֽ�=32 ʱ��=11ms TTL=56
    # # ���� 14.215.177.38 �Ļظ�: �ֽ�=32 ʱ��=12ms TTL=56
    # # ���� 14.215.177.38 �Ļظ�: �ֽ�=32 ʱ��=12ms TTL=56
    # # ���� 14.215.177.38 �Ļظ�: �ֽ�=32 ʱ��=11ms TTL=56
    # #
    # # 14.215.177.38 �� Ping ͳ����Ϣ:
    # #     ���ݰ�: �ѷ��� = 4���ѽ��� = 4����ʧ = 0 (0% ��ʧ)��
    # # �����г̵Ĺ���ʱ��(�Ժ���Ϊ��λ):
    # #     ��� = 11ms��� = 12ms��ƽ�� = 11ms
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 23、os.environ  
    # # # 获取系统环境变量   
    # # # 当前系统的环境变量的查看方式:
    # # # win7电脑怎样修改环境变量_百度经验
    # # # https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b24f6c82cba6dc86bfe5da9f.html          
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.path)
    # print(os.environ)
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # <module 'ntpath' from 'D:\Anaconda3\lib\ntpath.py'>
    # # environ({'ALLUSERSPROFILE': 'C:\ProgramData', 'APPDATA': 'C:\Users\Roth\AppData\Roaming', 'COMMONPROGRAMFILES': 'C:\Program Files\Common Files', 'COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files', 'COMMONPROGRAMW6432': 'C:\Program Files\Common Files', 'COMPUTERNAME': 'ROTH-PC', 'COMSPEC': 'C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe', 'FP_NO_HOST_CHECK': 'NO', 'HOMEDRIVE': 'C:', 'HOMEPATH': '\Users\Roth', 'LOCALAPPDATA': 'C:\Users\Roth\AppData\Local', 'LOGONSERVER': '\\ROTH-PC', 'MOZ_PLUGIN_PATH': 'D:\Program Files (x86)\Foxit Software\Foxit Reader\plugins\', 'NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS': '4', 'OS': 'Windows_NT', 'PATH': 'D:\Anaconda3\DLLs;D:\Program Files (x86)\Python27;D:\Anaconda3;D:\Anaconda3\Library\mingw-w64\bin;D:\Anaconda3\Library\usr\bin;D:\Anaconda3\Library\bin;D:\Anaconda3\Scripts;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\OpenCL SDK\3.0\bin\x86;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\OpenCL SDK\3.0\bin\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Calibre2\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\bin', 'PATHEXT': '.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC', 'PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE': 'AMD64', 'PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER': 'Intel64 Family 6 Model 69 Stepping 1, GenuineIntel', 'PROCESSOR_LEVEL': '6', 'PROCESSOR_REVISION': '4501', 'PROGRAMDATA': 'C:\ProgramData', 'PROGRAMFILES': 'C:\Program Files', 'PROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:\Program Files (x86)', 'PROGRAMW6432': 'C:\Program Files', 'PSMODULEPATH': 'C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\', 'PUBLIC': 'C:\Users\Public', 'PYCHARM_HOSTED': '1', 'PYCHARM_MATPLOTLIB_PORT': '49727', 'PYTHONIOENCODING': 'UTF-8', 'PYTHONPATH': 'D:\Program Files (x86)\PyCharm 2018.1.3\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend;D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'PYTHONUNBUFFERED': '1', 'SESSIONNAME': 'Console', 'SYSTEMDRIVE': 'C:', 'SYSTEMROOT': 'C:\Windows', 'TEMP': 'C:\Users\Roth\AppData\Local\Temp', 'TMP': 'C:\Users\Roth\AppData\Local\Temp', 'USERDOMAIN': 'Roth-PC', 'USERNAME': 'Roth', 'USERPROFILE': 'C:\Users\Roth', 'WINDIR': 'C:\Windows'})
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 24、os.path.split(path)  
    # # # 将path分割成目录和文件名二元组返回           
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # # 实际上,__file__指的就是当前的执行文件名,只是在pycharm编译器中,编译器自动添加了执行文件的前面的路径
    # print(os.path.split(__file__))
    #
    # print(os.path.split(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    # print(os.path.split(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    #
    # print(os.path.split("D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))
    # print(os.path.split(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ('D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # ('D:/C_cache/py', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai')
    # # ('D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # ('D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # ('D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    # #
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 25、os.path.basename(path)  
    # # # 返回path最后的文件名。如何path以/或结尾,那么就会返回空值。
    # # # 即os.path.split(path)的第二个元素             
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.path.split(__file__))
    # print(os.path.basename(__file__))
    #
    # print(os.path.split(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    # print(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    #
    #
    # print(os.path.split(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    # print(os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    #
    # print(os.path.split(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    # print(os.path.basename(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ('D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ('D:/C_cache/py', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai')
    # # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai
    # # ('D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # ('D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai', 'day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py')
    # # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 26、os.path.exists(path)  
    # # # 如果path存在,返回True;如果path不存在,返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print(os.path.exists("D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))
    # print(os.path.exists(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    # # txt文件是不存在的
    # print(os.path.exists(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.txt"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # True
    # # True
    # # False
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 27、os.path.isabs(path)    
    # # # 如果path是绝对路径,返回True
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # print("__file__                 ",os.path.isabs(__file__))
    # print("dirname(__file__)        ",os.path.isabs(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    # print("abspath(__file__)        ",os.path.isabs(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    # print("os.curdir                ",os.path.isabs(os.curdir))
    # print("输入已存在的文件路径     ",os.path.isabs(r"D:C_cachepy 
    # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    # print("输入‘不’存在的文件路径 ",os.path.isabs(r"D:C_cachepy 
    # day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.txt"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    #
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # __file__                  True
    # # dirname(__file__)         True
    # # abspath(__file__)         True
    # # os.curdir                 False
    # # 输入已存在的文件路径      True
    # # 输入‘不’存在的文件路径  True
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 28、os.path.isfile(path)  
    # # # 如果path是一个存在的文件,返回True。否则返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    # print("输入已存在的文件路径     ",os.path.isfile("D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))
    #
    # print("输入已存在的文件路径     ",os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py"))  # 正则表达式
    # # 这个是后缀名不对,因此才不存在
    # print("输入‘不’存在的文件路径 ",os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaiday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.txt"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # 这个是一个文件夹
    # print(os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai"))  # 正则表达式
    # # 已经存在的文件
    # print(os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaia"))  # 正则表达式
    # print(os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.txt"))  # 正则表达式
    # print(os.path.isfile(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaid.py"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 输入已存在的文件路径      True
    # # 输入已存在的文件路径      True
    # # 输入‘不’存在的文件路径  False
    # # False
    # # True
    # # True
    # # True
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 29、os.path.isdir(path)  
    # # # 如果path是一个存在的目录,则返回True。否则返回False
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # # 这个是一个存在的文件夹
    # print(os.path.isdir(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    # # 这个是一个‘不’存在的文件夹
    # print(os.path.isdir(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai99999"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    #
    # # 已经存在的文件
    # print(os.path.isdir(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaia"))  # 正则表达式
    # print(os.path.isdir(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.txt"))  # 正则表达式
    # print(os.path.isdir(r"D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaid.py"))  # 正则表达式
    #
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # True
    # # False
    # # False
    # # False
    # # False
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 30、os.path.join(path1[, path2[, ...]])  
    # # # 将多个路径组合后返回,第一个绝对路径之前的参数将被忽略
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    目录结构:
    D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaia221
    
    ==>>下面是演示拼接上面的目录
    其中,方式一是不推荐使用的,推荐使用方式二
    
    """
    #
    # import os
    # # 方式一
    # tmp = "D:\C_cachepy\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai" + "\" + "a22\b1"
    # # 方式二
    # a = "D:\C_cachepy\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai"
    # b = "a22\b1"
    # c = os.path.join(a,b)
    #
    # print("字符串加法处理:  ",tmp)
    # print("os.path.join方法: ",c)
    #
    # #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 字符串加法处理:   D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaia221
    # # os.path.join方法:  D:C_cachepyday22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuaia221
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 31、os.path.getatime(path)  
    # # # 返回path所指向的文件或者目录的最后存取时间
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # print(os.path.getatime("D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\b.txt"))
    # print(os.path.getatime("D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\a22"))
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 1533538486.7024333
    # # 1533521630.9828572
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
    
    
    
    
    """
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    # # 32、os.path.getmtime(path)  
    # # # 返回path所指向的文件或者目录的最后修改时间
    # ------------------------------------------------------------
    
    """
    #
    # import os
    #
    # print(os.path.getmtime("D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\b.txt"))
    # print(os.path.getmtime("D:\C_cache\py\day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai\a22"))
    #
    # # D:Anaconda3python.exe D:/C_cache/py/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai/day22_os_json_re_etc_MoKuai.py
    # # 1533538486.7024333
    # # 1533521630.9828572
    # #
    # # Process finished with exit code 0
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jyfootprint/p/9430479.html
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