第六课 英语的特殊结构
1、强调句型
It is...that / who / which（少见）...
* 强调句型可以强调句子中所有成分（唯一不能强调谓语）*
It is obviously that I love you. （强调句型）
It is obvious that I love you.
2、倒装
1）什么是倒装
倒装就是把一句话写成一般疑问句形式，也就是给一句话加助动词或把be动词放在句首
2）倒装的具体用法
· 否定词放在句首用倒装
I can hardly speak Japanese.
Hardly can I speak Japanese.
I by no means love you.
By no means do I love you.
· so，nor / neither 位于句首，表示承前句子的肯定或否定表示倒装
· 含有 so...that...结构的句子将 so 引导的部分置于句首时用倒装
· only 引出的状语从句放句首时用倒装
· as 引导让步状语从句，从句表语可以放在句首构成部分倒装
· 省略 if 的虚拟语气用倒装
2）倒装的具体用法
- 写作
· 文化交流不但能促进我们国家经济发展，而且还能开阔个人视野
· Not only can cultural exchange promote economic advance but also make our eyesight broad.
· 我累得浑身都没劲了
· So exhausted am I that I have no energy throughout.
- 长难句分析
还原倒装部分后再作翻译
3、虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示与事实相反或语气委婉
一般用法：
If 引导的条件状语从句
· If you are were a tear in my eyes，I will would never shed it. （虚拟语气）
· If I was had been a dog last night，I could sleep have slept with you in bed.
如何把正常条件状语从句变成虚拟语气：
只需要把已写好句子的时态变为过去式，并且在虚拟语气中（be 动词的过去式为 were，could = would = might）
If I remembered you in my next life，we would never seperate with each other.
特殊用法：
1）以下情况从句用 " should + v." 表示虚拟，并且should可以省略。
以防：incase，lest，for fear that
命令：order，direct，command
建议：advise，suggest，propose
要求：ask，request，demand，require 用虚拟
是必要的：It is necessary / important that...
例：In case that you should develop fatal infections，you had stay at home.
It seems crucial that more activities should（可省略） be attended to show myself.
2）以下情况从句用过去式时表示虚拟
用一般过去式时表示虚拟：常见 would rather 与 It is high time that...
It is high time that the independance of kids were cultivated by senior citizens.
3）以下情况区别对待
把本来时态写成过去式：
· 常见词 wish，if only，but for，or/otherwise，as though/as if（好像，似乎） 等
If only I were your child.
If only I had been your child.
4、情态动词
1. 情态动词 + 动词原形（表示对现在和将来的推测）
I must be wealthy in the future
It can be a boy
2. （表示对过去的推测）
He must have been self-abased in his University.
注：must have done（一定做过某事） 否定：can not 禁止：must not
You need not have shown your love in this way.
注：need not have done（本没必要做某事，但做了）
I could have become a prominent poet.
注：could have done（本能够做某事却没有做，表示遗憾）
We should have got married if there exists a chance.
注：should have done（本应该做某事，却没有做）