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  • 32、详解Android shape的使用方法（转载）

    0、java绘制shape

    在官方API介绍中：

    ShapeDrawable ：This object can be defined in an XML file with the <shape> element（这个对象可以用<shape>元素在xml文件中定义）

    GradientDrawable ：This object can be defined in an XML file with the <shape> element（这个对象可以用<shape>元素在xml文件中定义）

     [父节点] shape   --   ShapeDrawable

     [子节点] gradient   --  

     [子节点] padding   --   

     [子节点] corners   --   setCornerRadius 、setCornerRadii 

     [子节点] solid       --    

     [子节点]  stroke   --   setStroke 

     [子节点]  size --   setSize

    1、概述

    gradient   -- 对应颜色渐变。 startcolor、endcolor就不多说了。 android:angle 是指从哪个角度开始变。

    solid      --  填充。

    stroke   --  描边。

    corners  --  圆角。

    padding   -- 定义内容离边界的距离。 与android:padding_left、android:padding_right这些是一个道理。

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]      //共有4种类型，矩形（默认）/椭圆形/直线形/环形
 5     // 以下4个属性只有当类型为环形时才有效
 6     android:innerRadius="dimension"     //内环半径
 7     android:innerRadiusRatio="float"    //内环半径相对于环的宽度的比例，比如环的宽度为50,比例为2.5,那么内环半径为20
 8     android:thickness="dimension"   //环的厚度
 9     android:thicknessRatio="float"     //环的厚度相对于环的宽度的比例
10     android:useLevel="boolean">    //如果当做是LevelListDrawable使用时值为true，否则为false.
11 
12     <corners    //定义圆角
13         android:radius="dimension"      //全部的圆角半径
14         android:topLeftRadius="dimension"   //左上角的圆角半径
15         android:topRightRadius="dimension"  //右上角的圆角半径
16         android:bottomLeftRadius="dimension"    //左下角的圆角半径
17         android:bottomRightRadius="dimension" />    //右下角的圆角半径
18 
19     <gradient   //定义渐变效果
20         android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]    //共有3中渐变类型，线性渐变（默认）/放射渐变/扫描式渐变
21         android:angle="integer"     //渐变角度，必须为45的倍数，0为从左到右，90为从上到下
22         android:centerX="float"     //渐变中心X的相当位置，范围为0～1
23         android:centerY="float"     //渐变中心Y的相当位置，范围为0～1
24         android:startColor="color"      //渐变开始点的颜色
25         android:centerColor="color"     //渐变中间点的颜色，在开始与结束点之间
26         android:endColor="color"    //渐变结束点的颜色
27         android:gradientRadius="float"  //渐变的半径，只有当渐变类型为radial时才能使用
28         android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />  //使用LevelListDrawable时就要设置为true。设为false时才有渐变效果
29 
30     <padding    //内部边距
31         android:left="dimension"
32         android:top="dimension"
33         android:right="dimension"
34         android:bottom="dimension" />
35 
36     <size   //自定义的图形大小
37         android:width="dimension"
38         android:height="dimension" />
39 
40     <solid  //内部填充颜色
41         android:color="color" />
42 
43     <stroke     //描边
44         android:width="dimension"   //描边的宽度
45         android:color="color"   //描边的颜色
46         // 以下两个属性设置虚线
47         android:dashWidth="dimension"   //虚线的宽度，值为0时是实线
48         android:dashGap="dimension" />      //虚线的间隔
49 </shape>

    2、圆角矩形，扫描式渐变

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:shape="rectangle"
 5     android:useLevel="false" >
 6 
 7     <corners
 8         android:topLeftRadius="10dp"
 9         android:topRightRadius="10dp"
10         android:bottomLeftRadius="10dp"
11         android:bottomRightRadius="10dp" />
12 
13     <gradient
14         android:type="sweep"
15         android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_bright"
16         android:startColor="@android:color/holo_green_dark"
17         android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"
18         android:useLevel="false" />
19 
20     <size android:width="60dp" android:height="60dp" />
21 </shape>

    2、 圆形，线性渐变

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:shape="oval"
 5     android:useLevel="false" >
 6 
 7     <gradient
 8         android:type="linear"
 9         android:angle="45"
10         android:startColor="@android:color/holo_green_dark"
11         android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"
12         android:endColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"
13         android:useLevel="false" />
14 
15     <size android:width="60dp" android:height="60dp" />
16 
17     <stroke android:width="1dp"
18         android:color="@android:color/white" />
19 
20 </shape>

    3、虚线

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:shape="line" >
 5 
 6     <size android:width="60dp"
 7         android:height="60dp" />
 8 
 9     <stroke android:width="2dp"
10         android:color="@android:color/holo_purple"
11         android:dashWidth="10dp"
12         android:dashGap="5dp" />
13 </shape>

    4、 环形，放射型渐变

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <shape
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:shape="ring"
 5     android:useLevel="false"
 6     android:innerRadius="40dp"
 7     android:thickness="3dp">
 8 
 9     <gradient android:type="radial"
10         android:gradientRadius="150"
11         android:centerY="0.1"
12         android:centerX="0.2"
13         android:startColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"
14         android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_green_dark"
15         android:endColor="@android:color/white" />
16 
17     <size android:width="90dp"
18         android:height="90dp" />
19 
20 </shape>

    5、demo

    XML/HTML代码
    1. <Button  
    2.     android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
    3.     android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
    4.     android:text="TestShapeButton"  
    5.     android:background="@drawable/button_selector"  
    6. />  

           button_selector.xml：

    XML/HTML代码
    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    2. <selector  
    3.     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
    4.     <item android:state_pressed="true" >  
    5.         <shape>  
    6.             <!-- 渐变 -->  
    7.             <gradient  
    8.                 android:startColor="#ff8c00"  
    9.                 android:endColor="#FFFFFF"  
    10.                 android:type="radial"  
    11.                 android:gradientRadius="50" />  
    12.             <!-- 描边 -->  
    13.             <stroke  
    14.                 android:width="2dp"  
    15.                 android:color="#dcdcdc"  
    16.                 android:dashWidth="5dp"    
    17.                 android:dashGap="3dp" />  
    18.             <!-- 圆角 -->  
    19.             <corners  
    20.                 android:radius="2dp" />  
    21.             <padding  
    22.                 android:left="10dp"  
    23.                 android:top="10dp"  
    24.                 android:right="10dp"  
    25.                 android:bottom="10dp" />  
    26.         </shape>  
    27.     </item>  
    28.   
    29.     <item android:state_focused="true" >  
    30.         <shape>  
    31.             <gradient  
    32.                 android:startColor="#ffc2b7"  
    33.                 android:endColor="#ffc2b7"  
    34.                 android:angle="270" />  
    35.             <stroke  
    36.                 android:width="2dp"  
    37.                 android:color="#dcdcdc" />  
    38.             <corners  
    39.                 android:radius="2dp" />  
    40.             <padding  
    41.                 android:left="10dp"  
    42.                 android:top="10dp"  
    43.                 android:right="10dp"  
    44.                 android:bottom="10dp" />  
    45.         </shape>  
    46.     </item>  
    47.   
    48.     <item>          
    49.         <shape>  
    50.             <solid android:color="#ff9d77"/>  
    51.             <stroke  
    52.                 android:width="2dp"  
    53.                 android:color="#fad3cf" />  
    54.             <corners    
    55.                 android:topRightRadius="5dp"  
    56.                 android:bottomLeftRadius="5dp"  
    57.                 android:topLeftRadius="0dp"  
    58.                 android:bottomRightRadius="0dp"  
    59.             />  
    60.             <padding  
    61.                 android:left="10dp"  
    62.                 android:top="10dp"  
    63.                 android:right="10dp"  
    64.                 android:bottom="10dp" />  
    65.         </shape>  
    66.     </item>  
    67. </selector>  

           运行效果如下图：

           一般状态：

    详解Android shape的使用方法

           获得焦点状态：

    详解Android shape的使用方法

           按下状态：

    详解Android shape的使用方法

    6、官方资料 

    <shape>

    Basic method for drawing shapes via XML.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    visible boolean parent|true Determines if drawable is visible.
    shape enum (rectangle, oval, line, ring) rectangle Determines the shape: rectangle (shape is a rectangle, possibly with rounded corners); oval (shape is an ellipse); line (shape is a line); ring (shape is a ring).
    innerRadiusRatio float 3.0 Only valid if shape == 'ring'. Inner radius of the ring expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if innerRadiusRatio=3, then the inner radius equals the ring's width divided by 3. This value is ignored if innerRadius is defined.
    innerRadius float -1 Only valid if shape == 'ring'. Inner radius of the ring. When defined, innerRadiusRatio is ignored. When undefined, innerRadiusRatio's default is used.
    thicknessRatio float 9.0 Only valid if shape == 'ring'. Thickness of the ring expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if thicknessRatio=9, then the thickness equals the ring's width divided by 9. This value is ignored if thickness is defined. Default value is 9.
    thickness float -1 Only valid if shape == 'ring'. Thickness of the ring. When defined, thicknessRatio is ignored. When undefined, thicknessRatio's default is used.
    useLevel boolean true Only valid if shape == 'ring'. Allows one to draw only part of the ring (arc-wise), by modifying the drawable's level. This setting only makes sense in context of a <level-list> (LevelListDrawable).

    Children

    ElementDescription
    <size> Determines the size of the shape.
    <gradient> Adds a background gradient to the shape.
    <solid> Adds a solid background color to the shape. Overides gradient element.
    <stroke> Adds a border to the shape.
    <corners> Adds rounded corners to the shape.
    <padding> The padding for the content within this drawable. (Does not pad graphics in any way.)

    <size>

    Determines the size of the shape.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    width dimension -1 Width of the shape.
    height dimension -1 Height of the shape.

    <gradient>

    Adds a background gradient to the shape.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    startColor color 0 The color at the start of the gradient.
    centerColor color 0 The color in the center of the gradient. Optional; if not included, there is no center color.
    endColor color 0 The color at the end of the gradient.
    type enum (linear, radial, sweep) linear Determines the type of gradient.
    centerX float|fraction .5 Determines the location of the centerColor. Ranges from 0 to 1. Ignored if centerColor is undefined.
    centerY float|fraction .5 Determines the location of the centerColor. Ranges from 0 to 1. Ignored if centerColor is undefined.
    angle float 0 Only valid if type == 'linear'. Determines the angle of a linear gradient. Must be a multiple of 45 degrees.
    gradientRadius float|fraction N/A Only valid if type == 'radial' or 'sweep'. Required if type == 'radial'. Determines the radius of the gradient.
    useLevel boolean false Determines the amount of the gradient to be drawn, based on the level of the shape. Affects all three gradient types.

    <solid>

    Adds a solid background color to the shape. Overides gradient element.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    color color 0 The color of the background.

    <stroke>

    Adds a border to the shape.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    width dimension 0 The width of the stroke.
    color color 0 The color of the stroke.
    dashWidth dimension 0 The width of each dash. Ignored unless dashGap is also defined.
    dashGap dimension 0 The width of gaps between eahc dash. Ignored unless dashWidth is also defined.

    <corners>

    Adds rounded corners to the shape.

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    radius dimension 0 The radius of every corner.
    topLeftRadius dimension radius Determines the radius of the top left corner. Ignored unless radius for all corners is defined, either through 'radius' or the other corners' attributes.
    topRightRadius dimension radius Determines the radius of the top right corner. Ignored unless radius for all corners is defined, either through 'radius' or the other corners' attributes.
    bottomLeftRadius dimension radius Determines the radius of the bottom left corner (buggy; is actually bottom right corner). Ignored unless radius for all corners is defined, either through 'radius' or the other corners' attributes.
    bottomRightRadius dimension radius Determines the radius of the bottom right corner (buggy; is actually bottom left corner). Ignored unless radius for all corners is defined, either through 'radius' or the other corners' attributes.

    <padding>

    The padding for the content within this drawable. (Does not pad graphics in any way.)

    Attributes

    NameTypeDefaultDescription
    left dimension 0 Left padding.
    top dimension 0 Top padding.
    right dimension 0 Right padding.
    bottom dimension 0 Bottom padding.
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/kunyashaw/p/4364699.html
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