今天是六一儿童节,陪伴不了家人,心里思念着他们,看着地里金黄的麦子,远处的山,高高的天
代码:
%% ------------------------------------------------------------------------ %% Output Info about this m-file fprintf(' *********************************************************** '); fprintf(' <DSP using MATLAB> Problem 8.4 '); banner(); %% ------------------------------------------------------------------------ % digital Notch filter r = 0.7 %r = 0.9 %r = 0.99 omega0 = pi/2; % corresponding system function Direct form b0 = 1.0; % gain parameter b = b0*[1 -2*cos(omega0) 1]; % numerator with poles a = [1 -2*r*cos(omega0) r*r]; % denominator % precise resonant frequency and 3dB bandwidth omega_r = acos((1+r*r)*cos(omega0)/(2*r)); delta_omega = 2*(1-r); fprintf(' Notch Freq is : %.4fpi unit, 3dB bandwidth is %.4f ', omega_r/pi,delta_omega); % [db, mag, pha, grd, w] = freqz_m(b, a); [db_b, mag_b, pha_b, grd_b, w] = freqz_m(b, 1); % --------------------------------------------------------------------- % Choose the gain parameter of the filter, maximum gain is equal to 1 % --------------------------------------------------------------------- gain1=max(mag) % with poles gain2=max(mag_b) % without poles [db, mag, pha, grd, w] = freqz_m(b/gain1, a); [db_b, mag_b, pha_b, grd_b, w] = freqz_m(b/gain2, 1); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Notch filter with poles') set(gcf,'Color','white'); subplot(2,2,1); plot(w/pi, db); grid on; axis([0 2 -60 10]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[-60,-30,0]) set(gca,'YTickLabelMode','manual','YTickLabel',['60';'30';' 0']); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Decibels'); title('Magnitude Response in dB'); subplot(2,2,3); plot(w/pi, mag); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Absolute'); title('Magnitude Response in absolute'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi, pha); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Phase Response in Radians'); subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi, grd*pi/180); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Group Delay'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); %set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Notch filter without poles') set(gcf,'Color','white'); subplot(2,2,1); plot(w/pi, db_b); grid on; axis([0 2 -60 10]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[-60,-30,0]) set(gca,'YTickLabelMode','manual','YTickLabel',['60';'30';' 0']); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.25,0.5,1,1.5,1.75]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Decibels'); title('Magnitude Response in dB'); subplot(2,2,3); plot(w/pi, mag_b); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Absolute'); title('Magnitude Response in absolute'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi, pha_b); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Phase Response in Radians'); subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi, grd_b*pi/180); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Group Delay'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); %set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Notch filter with & without poles') set(gcf,'Color','white'); subplot(2,1,1); plot(w/pi, db, 'r--'); grid on; axis([0 2 -60 10]); hold on; plot(w/pi, db_b); grid on; axis([0 2 -60 10]); hold off; set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[-60,-30,0]) set(gca,'YTickLabelMode','manual','YTickLabel',['60';'30';' 0']); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Decibels'); title('Magnitude Response in dB'); subplot(2,1,2); plot(w/pi, pha, 'r--'); grid on; hold on;%axis([0 1 -100 10]); plot(w/pi, pha_b); hold off; xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Phase Response in Radians'); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Pole-Zero Plot') set(gcf,'Color','white'); zplane(b,a); title(sprintf('Pole-Zero Plot, r=%.2f \omega=%.2f\pi',r,omega0/pi)); %pzplotz(b,a); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Pole-Zero Plot') set(gcf,'Color','white'); zplane(b,1); title(sprintf('Pole-Zero Plot, r=%.2f \omega=%.2f\pi',r,omega0/pi)); %pzplotz(b,a); % Impulse Response fprintf(' ----------------------------------'); fprintf(' Partial fraction expansion method: '); b = b/gain1; [R, p, c] = residuez(b , a) MR = (abs(R))' % Residue Magnitude AR = (angle(R))'/pi % Residue angles in pi units Mp = (abs(p))' % pole Magnitude Ap = (angle(p))'/pi % pole angles in pi units [delta, n] = impseq(0,0,50); h_chk = filter(b , a , delta); % check sequences % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ % gain parameter b0=1 % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ h = -0.5204*( 0.7.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 2.0408 * delta; % r=0.7 %h = -0.1173*( 0.9.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 1.2346 * delta; % r=0.9 %h = -0.0102*( 0.99.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 1.0203 * delta; % r=0.99 % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ % gain parameter b0 = equation % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ %h = -0.3877*( 0.7.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 1.5204 * delta; % r=0.7 %h = -0.1173*( 0.9.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 1.2346 * delta; % r=0.9 %h = -0.0102*( 0.99.^n ) .* (2*cos(pi*n/2) ) + 1.0203 * delta; % r=0.99 % ------------------------------------------------------------------------ figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Notch filter, h(n) by filter and Inv-Z ') set(gcf,'Color','white'); subplot(2,1,1); stem(n, h_chk); grid on; %axis([0 2 -60 10]); xlabel('n'); ylabel('h\_chk'); title('Impulse Response sequences by filter'); subplot(2,1,2); stem(n, h/gain1); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('n'); ylabel('h'); title('Impulse Response sequences by Inv-Z'); [db, mag, pha, grd, w] = freqz_m(h/gain1, [1]); figure('NumberTitle', 'off', 'Name', 'Problem 8.4 Notch filter, h(n) by Inv-Z ') set(gcf,'Color','white'); subplot(2,2,1); plot(w/pi, db); grid on; axis([0 2 -60 10]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[-60,-30,0]) set(gca,'YTickLabelMode','manual','YTickLabel',['60';'30';' 0']); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Decibels'); title('Magnitude Response in dB'); subplot(2,2,3); plot(w/pi, mag); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Absolute'); title('Magnitude Response in absolute'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi, pha); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Phase Response in Radians'); subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi, grd*pi/180); grid on; %axis([0 1 -100 10]); xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Rad'); title('Group Delay'); set(gca,'XTickMode','manual','XTick',[0,0.5,1,1.5,2]); %set(gca,'YTickMode','manual','YTick',[0,1.0]); % Given resonat frequency and 3dB bandwidth delta_omega = 0.04; omega_r = pi*0.5; r = 1 - delta_omega / 2
运行结果:
陷波滤波器,ω0=0.5π,引入极点r=0.7
系统函数部分分式展开
系统零极点如下图
幅度谱、相位谱、群延迟
零点位于原点位置,相当于去掉零点,如下
去掉零点后,陷波滤波器的幅度谱、相位谱和群延迟
引入零点的情况下,陷波频率附近频带更窄(红色),蓝色是无零点的情况。如同书上所言,陷波频率ω0
二者相差不大。
系统函数部分分式展开后,查表,求逆z变换得到脉冲响应序列h(n)
极点模r=0.9和0.99的结果,这里就不放了。