JAVA日记之mybatis-3一对一,一对多,多对多xml与注解配置

1.Mybatis多表查询
1.1 一对一查询
1.1.1 一对一查询的模型
用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户

一对一查询的需求：查询一个订单，与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

1.1.2一对一查询的语句
对应的sql语句：select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id;

查询的结果如下：

1.1.3 创建Order和User实体

public class Order {

private int id;
private Date ordertime;
private double total;

//代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
private User user;
}

public class User {

private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;

}

1.1.4 创建OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper { List<Order> findAll(); }

1.1.5 配置OrderMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper">
<resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Order">
<result column="uid" property="user.id"></result>
<result column="username" property="user.username"></result>
<result column="password" property="user.password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="user.birthday"></result>
</resultMap>
<select id="findAll" resultMap="orderMap">
select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id
</select>
</mapper>

其中还可以配置如下：

<resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Order">
<result property="id" column="id"></result>
<result property="ordertime" column="ordertime"></result>
<result property="total" column="total"></result>
<association property="user" javaType="com.itheima.domain.User">
<result column="uid" property="id"></result>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
</association>
</resultMap>

1.1.6 测试结果

OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
List<Order> all = mapper.findAll();
for(Order order : all){
System.out.println(order);
}

1.2 一对多查询

1.2.1 一对多查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户

一对多查询的需求：查询一个用户，与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

1.2.2 一对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid;

查询的结果如下：

1.2.3 修改User实体

public class Order {

private int id;
private Date ordertime;
private double total;

//代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
private User user;
}

public class User {

private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
//代表当前用户具备哪些订单
private List<Order> orderList;
}

1.2.4 创建UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper { List<User> findAll(); } 

1.2.5 配置UserMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper">
<resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
<result column="id" property="id"></result>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
<collection property="orderList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Order">
<result column="oid" property="id"></result>
<result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result>
<result column="total" property="total"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid
</select>
</mapper>

1.2.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
for(User user : all){
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList();
for(Order order : orderList){
System.out.println(order);
}
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}

1.3 多对多查询

1.3.1 多对多查询的模型

用户表和角色表的关系为，一个用户有多个角色，一个角色被多个用户使用

多对多查询的需求：查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

1.3.2 多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：select u.,r.,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id

inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id;

查询的结果如下：

1.3.3 创建Role实体，修改User实体

public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
//代表当前用户具备哪些订单
private List<Order> orderList;
//代表当前用户具备哪些角色
private List<Role> roleList;
}

public class Role {

private int id;
private String rolename;

}

1.3.4 添加UserMapper接口方法

List<User> findAllUserAndRole();

1.3.5 配置UserMapper.xml

<resultMap id="userRoleMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
<result column="id" property="id"></result>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
<collection property="roleList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Role">
<result column="rid" property="id"></result>
<result column="rolename" property="rolename"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="findAllUserAndRole" resultMap="userRoleMap">
select u.*,r.*,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id
inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id
</select>

1.3.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole();
for(User user : all){
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList();
for(Role role : roleList){
System.out.println(role);
}
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}

.4 知识小结
MyBatis多表配置方式：

一对一配置：使用做配置

一对多配置：使用+做配置

多对多配置：使用+做配置

2.Mybatis的注解开发
2.1 MyBatis的常用注解
这几年来注解开发越来越流行，Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式，这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper

映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习，再学习复杂映射多表操作。

@Insert：实现新增

@Update：实现更新

@Delete：实现删除

@Select：实现查询

@Result：实现结果集封装

@Results：可以与@Result 一起使用，封装多个结果集

@One：实现一对一结果集封装

@Many：实现一对多结果集封装

2.2 MyBatis的增删改查
我们完成简单的user表的增删改查的操作

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}

@Test
public void testAdd() {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("测试数据");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
userMapper.add(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws IOException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(16);
user.setUsername("测试数据修改");
user.setPassword("abc");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
userMapper.update(user);
}

@Test
public void testDelete() throws IOException {
userMapper.delete(16);
}
@Test
public void testFindById() throws IOException {
User user = userMapper.findById(1);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() throws IOException {
List<User> all = userMapper.findAll();
for(User user : all){
System.out.println(user);
}
}

修改MyBatis的核心配置文件，我们使用了注解替代的映射文件，所以我们只需要加载使用了注解的Mapper接口即可

 <mappers> <!--扫描使用注解的类--> <mapper class="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper"></mapper> </mappers>

或者指定扫描包含映射关系的接口所在的包也可以

<mappers> <!--扫描使用注解的类所在的包--> <package name="com.itheima.mapper"></package> </mappers>

2.3 MyBatis的注解实现复杂映射开发

实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现，使用注解开发后，我们可以使用@Results注解，@Result注解，@One注解，@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配置

2.4 一对一查询

2.4.1 一对一查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户

一对一查询的需求：查询一个订单，与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

2.4.2 一对一查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

select * from orders; select * from user where id=查询出订单的uid;

查询的结果如下：

 

2.4.3 创建Order和User实体

public class Order {

private int id;
private Date ordertime;
private double total;

//代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
private User user;
}

public class User {

private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;

}

2.4.4 创建OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper { List<Order> findAll(); }

2.4.5 使用注解配置Mapper

public interface OrderMapper {
@Select("select * from orders")
@Results({
@Result(id=true,property = "id",column = "id"),
@Result(property = "ordertime",column = "ordertime"),
@Result(property = "total",column = "total"),
@Result(property = "user",column = "uid",
javaType = User.class,
one = @One(select = "com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper.findById"))
})
List<Order> findAll();
}public interface UserMapper { @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}") User findById(int id); }

2.4.6 测试结果

@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUser() {
List<Order> all = orderMapper.findAll();
for(Order order : all){
System.out.println(order);
}
}

2.5 一对多查询

2.5.1 一对多查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户

一对多查询的需求：查询一个用户，与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

2.5.2 一对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

select * from user;

select * from orders where uid=查询出用户的id;

查询的结果如下：

2.5.3 修改User实体

public class Order {

private int id;
private Date ordertime;
private double total;

//代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
private User user;
}

public class User {

private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
//代表当前用户具备哪些订单
private List<Order> orderList;
}

2.5.4 创建UserMapper接口

List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();

2.5.5 使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
@Select("select * from user")
@Results({
@Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
@Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
@Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
@Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
@Result(property = "orderList",column = "id",
javaType = List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid"))
})
List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();
}

public interface OrderMapper {
@Select("select * from orders where uid=#{uid}")
List<Order> findByUid(int uid);

}

2.5.6 测试结果

List<User> all = userMapper.findAllUserAndOrder();
for(User user : all){
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList();
for(Order order : orderList){
System.out.println(order);
}
System.out.println("-----------------------------");
}

2.6 多对多查询

2.6.1 多对多查询的模型

用户表和角色表的关系为，一个用户有多个角色，一个角色被多个用户使用

多对多查询的需求：查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

2.6.2 多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句：

select * from user; select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id

查询的结果如下：

 

2.6.3 创建Role实体，修改User实体

public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
//代表当前用户具备哪些订单
private List<Order> orderList;
//代表当前用户具备哪些角色
private List<Role> roleList;
}

public class Role {

private int id;
private String rolename;

}

public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
//代表当前用户具备哪些订单
private List<Order> orderList;
//代表当前用户具备哪些角色
private List<Role> roleList;
}

public class Role {

private int id;
private String rolename;

}

2.6.5 使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
@Select("select * from user")
@Results({
@Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
@Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
@Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
@Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
@Result(property = "roleList",column = "id",
javaType = List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid"))
})
List<User> findAllUserAndRole();}

public interface RoleMapper {
@Select("select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=#{uid}")
List<Role> findByUid(int uid);
}

2.6.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole();
for(User user : all){
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList();
for(Role role : roleList){
System.out.println(role);
}
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}