集合
4.1 取交集
4.2 取并集/合集
4.3 取差集
4.4 对称差集
4.5 父子集
4.6 长度
4.7 成员运算in notin
4.8 循环
4.9 discard
4.10 update
4.11 pop
4.12 add
4.13 isdisjoint
4.14 difference_update
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去除重复的值(去重)
在{}内用逗号分隔开多个元素,多个元素满足以下三个条件:1. 集合内元素必须为不可变类型2. 集合内元素无序3. 集合内元素没有重复
s={1,2} # s=set({1,2}) # s={1,[1,2]} # 集合内元素必须为不可变类型 报错 # s={1,'a','z','b',4,7} # 集合内元素无序 报错 # s={1,1,1,1,1,1,'a','b'} # 集合内元素没有重复 报错 print(s)
s={}这个是默认为空字典 所以要s=set()
set({1,2,3}) res=set('hellolllll') print(res) print(set([1,1,1,1,1,1])) print(set([1,1,1,1,1,1,[11,222]]) # 报错 print(set({'k1':1,'k2':2}))
4.1 取交集:两者共同的好友
friends1 = {"zero","kevin","jason","egon"} friends2 = {"Jy","ricky","jason","egon"} res=friends1 & friends2 print(res) print(friends1.intersection(friends2)) # {'egon', 'jason'} # {'egon', 'jason'}
4.2 取并集/合集:两者所有的好友
friends1 = {"zero","kevin","jason","egon"} friends2 = {"Jy","ricky","jason","egon"} print(friends1 | friends2) print(friends1.union(friends2)) # {'ricky', 'Jy', 'kevin', 'jason', 'zero', 'egon'} # {'ricky', 'Jy', 'kevin', 'jason', 'zero', 'egon'}
4.3 取差集:取某个人独有的好友
friends1 = {"zero","kevin","jason","egon"} friends2 = {"Jy","ricky","jason","egon"} # 取friends1独有的好友 print(friends1 - friends2) print(friends1.difference(friends2)) # {'zero', 'kevin'} # {'zero', 'kevin'} # 取friends2独有的好友 print(friends2 - friends1) print(friends2.difference(friends1)) # {'Jy', 'ricky'} # {'Jy', 'ricky'}
4.4 对称差集:求两个用户独有的好友们(即去掉共有的好友)
friends1 = {"zero","kevin","jason","egon"} friends2 = {"Jy","ricky","jason","egon"} print(friends1 ^ friends2) print(friends1.symmetric_difference(friends2)) # {'ricky', 'kevin', 'zero', 'Jy'} # {'ricky', 'kevin', 'zero', 'Jy'}
4.5 父子集:包含的关系
s1={1,2,3} s2={1,2,4} # 不存在包含关系,下面比较均为False print(s1 > s2) # False print(s1 < s2) # False s1={1,2,3} s2={1,2} print(s1 > s2) # 当s1大于或等于s2时,才能说是s1是s2他爹 True print(s1.issuperset(s2)) # True print(s2.issubset(s1)) # s2 < s2 =>True s1={1,2,3} s2={1,2,3} print(s1 == s2) # s1与s2互为父子 print(s1.issuperset(s2)) # True print(s2.issuperset(s1)) # True
4.6 长度
>>> s={'a','b','c'}
>>> len(s)
4.7 成员运算in not in
>>> 'c' in s
True
4.8 循环
>>> for item in s:
... print(item)
...
c
a
b
'''
4.9 discard remove
s={1,2,3} s.discard(4) # 删除元素不存在do nothing #{1, 2, 3} print(s) s.remove(4) # 删除元素不存在则报错
4.10 update
s={1,2,3} s.update({1,3,5}) print(s) # {1, 2, 3, 5}
4.11 pop
s={1,2,3} res=s.pop() print(res) # 1
4.12 add
s={1,2,3} s.add(4) print(s) # {1, 2, 3, 4}
4.13 isdisjoint
res=s.isdisjoint({3,4,5,6}) # 两个集合完全独立、没有共同部分,返回True print(res) # False
4.14 difference_update
s.difference_update({3,4,5}) # s=s.difference({3,4,5}) print(s) # {1, 2}