1.在服务机上操作
创建要远程登录的用户和密码
sudo adduser username
正在添加用户“username”...
正在添加新组“username”(1001)...
正在添加新用户“username”(1001)到组“username”...
创建主目录“/home/username”...
正在从“/etc、skel”复制文件...
输入新的 UNIX 口令：(此处大家注意，不是输入你当前用户的密码，而是输入你要创建新用户的密码)
重新输入新的 UNIX 口令：(再输一次即可)
passwd：已成功更新密码
Changing the user information for username
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
Full Name []: yangyang (输入新用户的名称)
Room Number []:
Work Phone []:
Home Phone []:
Other []:
这个信息是否正确? [Y/n] y
2.在客户机上操作（其他机器也行，主要是用来创建密钥对）
2.1.创建ssh-key
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:W05lCKLqZ8FWTyAwTsUrBzg7HRzZfZ8ZbacHg/Wnf6c root@node1 The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | o=Bo.o . +. | |oo=.oo.o..o.=.. | | +.o.......=o=. .| |o ooo. o +o. .o | | ..o+ S o .. | | . . . = . | | . o . . +| | o .o| | E | +----[SHA256]-----+
2.2.把生成的的秘钥拷贝到服务器，
两种可选方式
方式一：可以手动拷贝
手动拷贝刚刚生成的公钥id_rsa.pub（在当前用户家目录的.ssh/id_rsa.pub），将里面的内容追加到要登录的服务器的目标用户家目录下的.ssh/ authorized_keys中，这里是/home/jundong.ssh/ authorized_keys
方式二：直接用命令拷贝
ssh-copy-id可以方便快捷地把公钥追加到到服务端的authorized_keys文件中,注意用户名，输入密码
ssh-copy-id jundong@120.78.150.47我的操作
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id jundong@120.78.150.47 /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" The authenticity of host '120.78.150.47 (120.78.150.47)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:KwfKwzN4xqw7/VxoVw5IoTi0NhUPZ+h2fSQXi3zgXXY. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:22:b0:8e:c0:21:e6:96:b1:de:bd:bd:c4:08:d9:bf:4d. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys jundong@120.78.150.47's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'jundong@120.78.150.47'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
方式三：在阿里云控制台导入
【在控制台导入证书，阿里云做的事是：将公钥追加到/root/.ssh/authorized_keys中；修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config,把PasswordAuthentication改成no】
1.这种方式会默认把密码登录禁用，只能使用秘钥登录，可以自己手动打开（修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config,把PasswordAuthentication改成yes）
2.这种方式只能使用root用户登录，其他用户不能使用这种方式导入，因为控制台导入只会导入到/root/.ssh/authorized_keys，不会导入到其他用户目录
复制刚刚生成的公钥id_rsa.pub（在当前用户家目录的.ssh/id_rsa.pub），这里是/home/jundong.ssh/ authorized_keys，粘贴到控制台的文本框确定即可，再将密钥对绑定到指定服务器
参考链接：https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/51794.html?spm=5176.doc51793.6.707.1A6GMv
3.测试
3.1在生成秘钥那台客户机上
[root@node1 ~]# ssh jundong@120.78.150.47
Welcome to Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service !
[jundong@izwz97s23bov6qmem6poj8z ~]$