使用matplotlib绘制常用图表(3)其他图表绘制

一、绘制三点图

"""
三月份最高气温
a = 
[12,15,18,6,7,5,6,8,9,10,15,10,4,5,11,10,5,6,12,15,10,5,14,10,10,12,16,5,3,5,5,5,6]
"""


from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

y = [12,15,18,6,7,5,6,8,9,10,15,10,4,5,11,10,5,6,12,15,10,5,14,10,10,12,16,5,3,5,6]

x = range(1,32)

#设置图像大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

plt.scatter(x,y,label='3月份')


#定义字体
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF')
#x轴刻度列表
xticks_label = ['3月{}日'.format(i) for i in x]

#将设置的格式写入x轴
plt.xticks(x[::3],xticks_label[::3],fontproperties = my_font,rotation = 45)

#设置x轴y轴标题
plt.xlabel('日期',fontproperties = my_font)
plt.ylabel('温度',fontproperties = my_font)

#图例
plt.legend(prop=my_font)
plt.show()

二、绘制柱形图

'''
a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

'''
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF',size = 22)

plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

rects = plt.bar(range(len(a)),[float(i) for i in b],0.3,color = 'red')

plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties = my_font)


#增加标注
for rect in rects:
    height = rect.get_height()
    plt.text(rect.get_x() + rect.get_width()/2,height+0.3,str(height),ha='center')

plt.show()

三、横向柱状图

#横向柱状图
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt 
from matplotlib import font_manager

my_font= font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF',size = 18)

a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

rects = plt.barh(range(len(a)),[float(i) for i in b],height = 0.5, color = 'red')

plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties = my_font)

for rect in rects:
    width = rect.get_width()
    plt.text(width,rect.get_y()+0.5/2,str(width),va = 'center')
plt.show()

四、并列和罗列柱状图

from matplotlib import pyplot
from matplotlib import font_manager
import numpy as np
index = np.arange(4)
BJ = [50,55,53,60]
SH = [44,66,55,41]

#并列
plt.bar(index,BJ,width=0.3)
#plt.bar(index+0.3,SH,width=0.3,color = 'green')
#plt.xticks(index+0.3/2,index)

#罗列
plt.bar(index,SH,bottom = BJ,width = 0.3,color='green')
plt.show()