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  • 一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(13):数据与通信之WebRequest

    概述

    Silverlight 2 Beta 1版本发布了,无论从Runtime还是Tools都给我们带来了很多的惊喜,如支持框架语言Visual Basic, Visual C#, IronRuby, Ironpython,对JSON、Web Service、WCF以及Sockets的支持等一系列新的特性。《一步一步学Silverlight 2系列》文章带您快速进入Silverlight 2开发。

    本文将简单介绍在Silverlight 2中如何使用WebRequest进行数据的提交和获取。

    简单示例

    在本文中,我们仍然使用在一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(12):数据与通信之WebClient中用过的示例,只不过稍微做一点小的改动,使用WebRequest提交书籍编号数据,并根据书籍号返回价格信息。最终运行的结果如下图:

    TerryLee_Silverlight2_0062

    编写界面布局,XAML如下:

    <Grid Background="#46461F">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <Border Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
                Width="240" Height="36"
                Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
            <TextBlock Text="书籍列表" Foreground="White"
                       HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
                       Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
        </Border>
        <ListBox x:Name="Books" Grid.Row="1" Margin="40 10 10 10"
                 SelectionChanged="Books_SelectionChanged">
            <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <StackPanel>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Height="32"></TextBlock>
                    </StackPanel>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        </ListBox>
        <Border Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
                Width="240" Height="36" Background="Orange"
                Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
            <TextBlock x:Name="lblPrice" Text="价格:" Foreground="White"
                       HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
                       Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
        </Border>
    </Grid>
    编写HttpHandler,注意我使用了context.Request.Form["No"],在后面我们将使用WebRequest在RequestReady方法中将数据写入请求流:
    public class BookHandler : IHttpHandler
    {
        public static readonly string[] PriceList = new string[] { 
            "66.00",
            "78.30",
            "56.50",
            "28.80",
            "77.00"
        };
        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
            context.Response.Write(PriceList[Int32.Parse(context.Request.Form["No"])]);
        }
    
        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    在界面加载时绑定书籍列表,关于数据绑定可以参考一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(11):数据绑定

    private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        List<Book> books = new List<Book>() { 
            new Book("Professional ASP.NET 3.5"),
            new Book("ASP.NET AJAX In Action"),
            new Book("Silverlight In Action"),
            new Book("ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed"),
            new Book("Introducing Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX")
        };
    
        Books.ItemsSource = books;
    }

    接下来在SelectionChanged事件中实现用户选择书籍时,我们使用WebRequest提交书籍编号,并且获得价格数据,仍然采用异步模式,提供RequestReady和ResponseReady两个回调函数:

    private string bookNo;
    
    void Books_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        bookNo = Books.SelectedIndex.ToString();
    
        Uri endpoint = new Uri("http://localhost:49955/BookHandler.ashx");
    
        WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(endpoint);
        request.Method = "POST";
        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        request.BeginGetRequestStream(new AsyncCallback(RequestReady), request);
        request.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(ResponseReady), request); 
    }

    实现RequestReady方法,将书籍的编号写入请求流中。

    void RequestReady(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
    {
        WebRequest request = asyncResult.AsyncState as WebRequest;
        Stream requestStream = request.EndGetRequestStream(asyncResult);
    
        using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(requestStream))
        {
            writer.Write(String.Format("No={0}", bookNo));
            writer.Flush();
        }
    }

    实现ResponseReady方法,显示返回的结果。

    void ResponseReady(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
    {
        WebRequest request = asyncResult.AsyncState as WebRequest;
        WebResponse response = request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult);
    
        using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
        {
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);
            lblPrice.Text = "价格:" + reader.ReadToEnd();
        }
    }

    最后运行的结果如下:

    TerryLee_Silverlight2_0059

    用户选择一本书籍后,将显示其价格:

    TerryLee_Silverlight2_0062

    结束语

    本文简单介绍了在Silverlight 2中如何使用WebRequest提交和获取数据,你可以从这里下载示例程序。

    下一篇:一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(14):数据与通信之WCF

    作者:TerryLee
    出处:http://terrylee.cnblogs.com 
    本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/meimao5211/p/3427172.html
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