Continuous Integration with Selenium

I have seen a lot of queries from people who basically want to know how to blend Selenium, Maven, and hudson to achieve continous integration.

So I thought I would write up my own recipe which has worked for me.

The ingredients that you would need for this recipe .

• Maven Standalone : A standalone installation of maven. (You can refer here for instructions on how to get it done )
• An IDE : I have used only eclipse. As a popular saying goes “a known devil is better than the unknown angel” I am sticking to eclipse. You can download a copy of eclipse from here
• Maven plugin : The newer versions of eclipse by default comes bundled with the maven plugin. But if you already have an eclipse copy with you and just want to add the maven plugin, you can add it from here
• TestNG plugin : You can add TestNG plugin to your eclipse installation from here.  If you are not very familiar with adding plugins to eclipse, you can refer here
• Jenkins/Hudson instance for your continuous integration runs. For setting up hudson you can refer here

So lets start, now that we have our environment all setup and ready.

To begin with lets create a simple maven project from the command line. (for detailed help, you can refer here )

Let us first start by creating a simple maven project, from the command line. You would need to ensure you have maven available in your local machine.

Run the command :

1 2	mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=organized.chaos  -DartifactId=insanity -DpackageName=organized.chaos.insanity -Dversion=1.0-SNAPSHOT

So here maven would create a directory named “insanity” which represents the root directory of my new maven project.

Once the project is created, create a folder under src/test and call it as “resources”.

Now lets take a look at the folder structure of our empty project (the folder name would be ‘insanity’)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

$ find . -type d -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'  .  |____src  | |____main  | | |____java  | | | |____organized  | | | | |____chaos  | |____test  | | |____java  | | | |____organized  | | | | |____chaos  | | |____resources

(I found this cool unix command from here)

Lets go ahead and add TestNG and selenium as dependencies to our pom file. Open up the pom file in eclipse or any other editor of your choice and add the below :

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
    <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
    <version>6.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Adding Selenium dependency -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
    <version>2.21.0</version>
</dependency>

 

Time to add the compiler plugin because we need to use TestNG annotations and annotations worked only with JDK 1.5 and above.

So, lets add a <build> section to our pom file, and then lets add the compiler plugin as below:

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.6</source>
        <target>1.6</target>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

Now go ahead and add all of your TestNG tests as desired and then create a suite file out of them. The simplest way of creating a suite file out of your TestNG tests from within eclipse would be to
multi-select them (using shift/ctrl + click) and then right click and say convert to TestNG.

The TestNG plug-in should give you a nice IDE using which you can create your suite file on the fly.

So our suite file is ready, and we need to just let maven know, that it has to pick up our suite file, whenever the test phase is invoked within maven.
This is where we leverage surefire-plugin. You can read more about surefire-plugin and all the options that it comes with here

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
    <configuration>
        <!-- We use a property here, because we want the ability to change the suite file on the fly 
        during runs '-DsuiteXmlFile=src/test/resources/testng-sample.xml' -->
        <suiteXmlFiles>
            <suiteXmlFile>${suiteXmlFile}</suiteXmlFile>
        </suiteXmlFiles>
        <!-- Build with '-DskipTests=true' to bypass test execution @ build time Default: false -->
        <skipTests>${skipTests}</skipTests>
        <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

Now our project is all ready. Here I have used two custom defined properties viz., “suiteXmlFile” and “skipTests”. This is how their definition looks like.

<properties>
    <suiteXmlFile>
        <strong>src/test/resources/test1.xml</strong>
    </suiteXmlFile>
    <skipTests>false</skipTests>
</properties>

Now why would I want to define custom properties, add it to the surefire plugin ?

Well I am doing this, so that when I am running tests from the command line, I can have the luxury of changing my suite file or telling maven to ignore my tests.

Something like this:

1	mvn test -DskipTests=true

(This would tell maven not to run my unit tests at all)

1	mvn test -DsuiteXmlFile=src/test/resources/test2.xml

(This would tell maven to run tests from test2.xml and not from test1.xml as defined in the pom file)
Make sure that you check-in your project into some version control system such as git/svn because hudson/jenkins pulls source code from version control systems and not from file systems.

Once you have your hudson instance setup, and are in the configure job page of your jenkins/fusion instance, look for a “build” section.

There in the Goals and options section, all you would do is specify the goals

for e.g.,

1	test -DsuiteXmlFile=src/test/resources/test2.xml

(if you want this job to run unit tests from test2.xml) or just

1

test

(if you want to by default run the tests from test1.xml). Here’s how my complete pom file looks like :

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>organized.chaos</groupId>
    <artifactId>insanity</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>insanity</name>
    <properties>
        <suiteXmlFile>src/test/resources/test1.xml</suiteXmlFile>
        <skipTests>false</skipTests>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Adding TestNG for unit test support -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Adding Selenium dependency -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- using the compiler plug-in to specify that this project is to be compiled with JDK 1.6 -->
            <!-- This is needed so that we get the JDK annotation support that was introduced recently -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.6</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- You can specify a specific testng.xml file here <suiteXmlFiles>
                    <suiteXmlFile>src/test/resources/testng-sample.xml</suiteXmlFile> </suiteXmlFiles> -->
                    <!-- Or dynamically with something like '-DsuiteXmlFile=src/test/resources/testng-sample.xml' -->
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>${suiteXmlFile}</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                    <!-- Build with '-DskipTests=true' to bypass test execution @ build time Default: false -->
                    <skipTests>${skipTests}</skipTests>
                    <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Hope that helps you get started with Continuous Integration with Selenium

 

转自：https://rationaleemotions.wordpress.com/2012/05/14/continuous-integration-with-selenium/