蓝牙配对开发流程
流程是:开启蓝牙 —-》 获取蓝牙各种权限 —-》注册广播(广播的作用是用来接收扫描结果) —-》 扫描蓝牙 —-》广播接收 ——》 蓝牙配对 —-》 解除注册
开启蓝牙
- 获取BluetoothAdapter对象
- 判断设备是否支持蓝牙
- 打开蓝牙
// 获取BluetoothAdapter对象
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private void checkBluetoohStatus() {
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
// 判断设备是否支持蓝牙
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(BluetoothShowActivity.this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
return;
}
// 判读是否打开了蓝牙(蓝牙会弹出提示)
if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled())
{
Intent turnOn=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(turnOn,-1);
}
// // 判读是否打开了蓝牙(蓝牙不会弹出提示)
// if (isSupportBlue()) {
// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
// }
}
申请权限
-
在 AndroidManifest.xml 里添加权限
-
处理6.0以下版本的权限: 在AndroidManifest里面添加权限
<!-- 使用蓝牙的权限 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <!-- 扫描蓝牙设备或者操作蓝牙设置 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
-
处理6.0以上版本的权限: 在AndroidManifest里面添加权限
<!-- 使用蓝牙的权限 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> <!-- 扫描蓝牙设备或者操作蓝牙设置 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <!--模糊定位权限,仅作用于6.0+--> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" /> <!--精准定位权限,仅作用于6.0+--> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
-
-
获取权限
// 申请请求许可权限
private void getBluePermission() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {
Toast.makeText(this, "shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
/**
* 解决:无法发现蓝牙设备的问题
*
* 对于发现新设备这个功能, 还需另外两个权限(Android M 以上版本需要显式获取授权,附授权代码):
*/
private final int ACCESS_LOCATION=1;
@SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
private void getPermission() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
int permissionCheck = 0;
permissionCheck = this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
permissionCheck += this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//未获得权限
this.requestPermissions( // 请求授权
new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, ACCESS_LOCATION);// 自定义常量,任意整型
}
}
}
/**
* 请求权限的结果回调。每次调用 requestpermissions(string[],int)时都会调用此方法。
* @param requestCode 传入的请求代码
* @param permissions 传入permissions的要求
* @param grantResults 相应权限的授予结果:PERMISSION_GRANTED 或 PERMISSION_DENIED
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case ACCESS_LOCATION:
if (hasAllPermissionGranted(grantResults)) {
Log.i(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult: 用户允许权限");
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult: 拒绝搜索设备权限");
}
break;
}
}
private boolean hasAllPermissionGranted(int[] grantResults) {
for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
注册广播和接收广播
注册 :蓝牙状态改变的广播 和 蓝牙扫描设备时的广播。
/**
* 注册蓝牙广播
*/
private void registerBroadcast(){
//监听蓝牙状态改变的广播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
//监听蓝牙设备扫描的广播
mBlueToothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
IntentFilter mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
// 扫描到设备的广播
mIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
// 扫描结束的广播
mIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
mIntentFilter.setPriority(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
// 注册广播
registerReceiver(mBlueToothReceiver,mIntentFilter);
}
接收:蓝牙状态改变的广播:
// 这个当蓝牙状态改变时,就会进入
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, 1);
switch (state) {
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:
// 吐丝弹窗
Toast.makeText(BluetoothShowActivity.this, "蓝牙已关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:
Toast.makeText(BluetoothShowActivity.this, "蓝牙已打开", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
接收:蓝牙扫描设备时的广播:
public class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent ) {
String action = intent.getAction();
// 判断是扫描的哪个状态
if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra( BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE );
// 这是listview视图,添加适配器
listView.setAdapter(mBluetoothDeviceAdapter);
// 将设备放到添加到适配器中
mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.addDevice(device);
// 数据改变并更新列表
mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}else if(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){
// 关闭进度条
progressDialog.dismiss();
Toast.makeText(BluetoothShowActivity.this, "搜索完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
扫描蓝牙
/**
* 搜索蓝牙
*/
private void searchBluetooth() {
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
//清除适配器的内容,以便从新搜索
mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.clear();
mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
// 如果已经在搜索了,那么取消搜索(主要)
if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 寻找所有蓝牙设备(主要)
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
//开启进度条
if (progressDialog == null) {
progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(BluetoothShowActivity.this);
}
// progressDialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false); //实现点击外部不消失。
progressDialog.setMessage("正在搜索中,请稍候...");
progressDialog.show();
}
蓝牙配对
// listview视图里的单个对象点击事件
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
// 是否在扫描
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
// 取消扫描
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 通过点击对象的位置,获取蓝牙设备
BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.getDevice(position);
Method createBondMethod;
Boolean returnValue = false;
// 还没有配对的进入该方法
if(device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
// 反射方法调用;
createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class .getMethod("createBond");
// 与设备建立连接
returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
// 更新当前被选中的位置
Constant.CURREN_POSITION = position;
// 刷新 ListView
mBluetoothDeviceAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
// 如果和该蓝牙设备已经配对
else if(device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){
// 获取蓝牙设备的地址
String address= device.getAddress();
Intent intent =new Intent(BluetoothShowActivity.this,MainActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DEVICE_ADDRESS,address);
// 将蓝牙设备地址返回到 MainActivity.class
setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, intent);
finish();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
解除注册广播
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();//解除注册
unregisterReceiver(receiver);
unregisterReceiver(mBlueToothReceiver);
}